Spatial Distribution of ICT in the Washington, DC Metropolitan Region

2011 ◽  
pp. 285-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da-Mi Maeng ◽  
Zorica Nedovic-Budic
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Massive Scale ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ict Infrastructure

Information and communication technologies, and the Internet as one of their most prominent uses, are adopted on a massive scale around the globe. Although we do not know much about their pattern and impact, these technologies exert substantial influence on our daily lives and environments. The main objective of this chapter is to empirically explore the spatial distribution of ICT infrastructure and activities and local planning responses to ICT in the Washington, DC metropolitan region. The existence of an ICT cluster suggests the spatial unevenness of ICT infrastructure and activities in the study region, and reveals the tendency of ICT to concentrate within certain urban areas. The findings will provide valuable insights for planners to capture the opportunities offered by ICT and manage the impact of ICT -related developments.

scholarly journals A Contemporary View on Online and Web Tools for Students with Sensory & Learning Disabilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Vasiliki Bravou ◽  
Athanasios S. Drigas
Keyword(s):  
Special Needs ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Students With Special Needs ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Web Tools ◽  
Special Needs Education ◽  
Sensory Learning ◽  
Information And Communication

<p class="0abstract">In the last 30 years, the use of information and communication technologies, the evolution of hardware and software for special needs people, as well as the spreading of the World Wide Web, is assisting people with disabilities in overcoming obstacles, accessing information, learning and participating in activities, which otherwise were not able to carry out. Special needs education is the process adjusting the education of learners with disabilities according to their unique requirements. Evolvement of technology has made computers and mobile devices capable of complementing usual teaching processes for students with special needs. In this report we present a summary of some representative online applications for assisting disabled people in the learning process and their daily lives.</p>

scholarly journals From traditional to distance learning: hygienic problems of vision protection of students

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-379
Author(s):  
Natal’ya A. Skoblina ◽  
Olga Yu. Milushkina ◽  
Valery I. Popov ◽  
Svetlana V. Markelova ◽  
Nataliya A. Bokareva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Artificial Illumination ◽  
Information And Communication

Introduction. Electronic devices (ED) are widespread among adolescents, filling their daily lives. The trend towards digitalization of all aspects of life is a global trend with the inevitable involvement of young people. The lack of existing preventive measures necessitates scientific research and intensification of work to promote a healthy lifestyle. Materials and methods. In 2019, an online survey was conducted of 200 schoolchildren in grades 9-11, 498 students in 1-6 courses, and 251 parents. In April 2020, an online survey was conducted of 1587 students of 1-6 classes and 500 parents. Measurements of physical factors were carried out at the Dolgoprudnenskaya gymnasium and the N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University. One thousand sixty-six schoolchildren and students were examined by an ophthalmologist with the help of the device “ARMISm”. Results. Negative tendencies in the state of the organ of vision, observed by students, are primarily associated with increased use of stationary and mobile ED in all age groups. Students use various ED in places with insufficient artificial illumination. In educational institutions, such places are corridors, halls, recreation, where students use their electronic devices. There are currently no separate requirements for artificial lighting by using information and communication technologies outside of classrooms or work premises. During the period of distance learning, schoolchildren and students have been established to use one more ED in comparison with the period of traditional education. The long-term effect of using mobile ED is still unknown. Conclusions. As a preventive hygienic measure for the protection of vision, it is recommended to use ED only in places with a good level of illumination, including artificial, with limited duration of continuous use of ED, with gymnastics for the eyes during breaks.

scholarly journals VIRTUAL NETWORK AS THE TECHNOLOGICAL LAYER OF THE PUBLIC SPACE AND ITS EFFECTS ON URBAN SPACES

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-194
Author(s):  
Merve KAYA ◽  
Özlem KANDEMİR
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Virtual Network ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
Virtual Networks ◽  
The Public ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Physical Spaces

The physical and representational contents of the public space are in a dynamic evolving state with the changes in the social structure and urban structure. In the historical process, the phenomenon of public space has been affected by the developments experienced with the change in the way individuals establish relationships in public life. Today, this transformation has occurred through virtual networks with the development of information and communication technologies. The paper aims to understand the public sphere dynamics that have changed with information and communication technologies. Accordingly, it limits its scope on these questions: How virtual networks affect the representational form of public space? What are the spatial structuring of this new representational public realm? What effect does this transformation have on urban areas that are the physical spaces of public realm? The method of the study is to explain theoretical discussions by supporting examples. In this context, it has been found that virtual networks, known as a new form of public space, transform the representative and physical form of the public space in a multifaceted manner by relocating the way individuals communicate with each other on a virtual layer. In this virtual transformation, it has been seen that the representative public space is now formed on social networks and platforms and the spatial structuring of these areas is defined as virtual network. The effect of virtual networks on the physical spaces of the public realm is possible by clustering data about urban areas in these virtual environments. Therefore, the visibility of virtual networks on the physical spaces of the publicity takes place through the understanding of space usage; moreover, virtual network data, which hybridizes with contemporary urban areas, reveals new qualities in the sense of the city by embodying it through maps. The physical transformation of the public space with information and communication technologies is made possible by the use of virtual network data in the design processes of this new sensory city.

ICT

2014 ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
Julián Briz ◽  
José María Duran ◽  
Isabel Felipe ◽  
Teresa Briz
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The University

Agriculture is facing new challenges in rural and urban areas, and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) may play a significant role. In this chapter, there is a background description of the ICT sector in the interface of urban and rural communities within the framework of agriculture. It describes some case analyses focused in agronomy and social sciences. In agronomy, the focuses are environment, food production, and pollution. In socioeconomics, there is a brief identification of ICT applications such as the collaboration between the university and firms. Considering the heterogeneousness of the analysis, the future research directions include different methods of studies for ICT programs (house of quality, structural organization, and others).

ICT Policies Favouring Human Rights

2014 ◽  
pp. 21-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf H. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Right To Development ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ict Infrastructure

The tremendous developments in information and communication technologies (ICTs) over the last 20 years have substantially changed communication practices across the world. The Internet and mobile phones help to open new horizons for connections between people, leading to a global network for the sharing of information and ideas. In this new environment, human rights need to have a place, and traditional notions related to mass media need to be adapted to the needs of civil society. Freedom of expression has become much more individualistic, with information exchanges no longer relying on the traditional intermediaries (mass media) but on the exchange of ideas on social networking and other platforms. Civil society participation in the information world requires the necessary infrastructure however. And since states have an obligation to see to it that human rights are realized in practice, this may mean the facilitation of private investments to improve the ICT infrastructure. In this context, ICT policies favoring human rights must encompass a right to development.

ICT Considerations for a Municipality in South Africa

2011 ◽  
pp. 1158-1170
Author(s):  
Udo Averweg ◽  
Siyabonga Manyanga
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Ict Adoption ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Internet Networks ◽  
Transfer Of Information

The availability of publicly accessible Internet networks and services are the first prerequisite in ensuring that all citizens and nations can benefit from information on the World Wide Web (UNESCO, 2003). Information and communication technologies (ICT) are playing an increasingly important role in the daily lives of citizens, revolutionising work and leisure and changing the rules of doing business. ICT encompass all technologies that facilitate the processing and transfer of information and communication services (United Nations, 2002). In the realm of government, ICT applications are promising to enhance the delivery of public goods and services to citizens not only by improving the process and management of government but also by redefining the traditional concepts of citizenship and democracy (Pascual, 2003). The spread of ICT brings hope that governments can transform (Pacific Council on International Policy, 2002). This article is organised as follows: • Background to the research is given • ICT adoption in the eThekwini Municipality in South Africa is described • The research goals, method, data gathering, and results are discussed • Management implications towards implementing a successful e-government strategy are given • Future trends are then suggested and a conclusion is given

An Overview of E-Commerce Security and Critical Issues for Developing Countries

2011 ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
Pierre F. Tiako
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ict Infrastructure ◽  
Transaction Services ◽  
Financial Transactions

Deficient information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure, lack of awareness on e-commerce issues, network payment and secure transaction services present enormous challenges to developing countries. For e-commerce to be a viable tool for trade in developing countries (DC), a “secure infrastructure” which makes possible the electronic exchange of financial transactions is a necessary prerequisite. There has been significant research on e-commerce security, although most of these studies have focused on developed countries. Less attention has been paid to underdeveloped countries that face different circumstances due to the above challenges. From technological perspectives, this work discusses important issues of e-commerce security for developing countries in regards to lack of fraud repression and justice in those countries.

An Overview of E-Commerce Security and Critical Issues for Developing Countries

2008 ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
Pierre F. Tiako
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ict Infrastructure ◽  
Transaction Services ◽  
Financial Transactions

Deficient information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure, lack of awareness on e-commerce issues, network payment and secure transaction services present enormous challenges to developing countries. For e-commerce to be a viable tool for trade in developing countries (DC), a “secure infrastructure” which makes possible the electronic exchange of financial transactions is a necessary prerequisite. There has been significant research on e-commerce security, although most of these studies have focused on developed countries. Less attention has been paid to underdeveloped countries that face different circumstances due to the above challenges. From technological perspectives, this work discusses important issues of e-commerce security for developing countries in regards to lack of fraud repression and justice in those countries.

Factors Influencing ICT Development in BRICS Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Surender Kumar ◽  
Durgansh Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
High Quality Information ◽  
Ict Development ◽  
Ict Infrastructure ◽  
Technology Strategies

The hasty development of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has overwhelmingly altered many aspects of life and societies all around the globe. High-quality information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure is essential for developing countries to match the pace of economic growth. This can be achieved only with sophisticated infrastructure. Enormous competitive pressure on businesses across the world has made Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) one of the main drivers of economic growth. This paper studies a select set of economic factors and their respective impacts on ICT development in five leading emerging economies known as BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa). The authors' findings demonstrate that in addition to deregulation, existing conditions (socioeconomic factors) must also be considered. They conclude by avowing that policy makers can more easily realize economic development via ICTs if they consider these conditions while cultivating their technology strategies.

scholarly journals Digital Literacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pritika Reddy ◽  
Bibhya Sharma ◽  
Kaylash Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Transportation Economics ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Work Done ◽  
The Impact

Information and communication technologies (ICT) along with the internet have fueled advancements and growth in banking, transportation, economics, and most of all in education in the 21st century. The 21st century citizens are provided with new opportunities that have been created with the advancement of ICT. Hence, individuals need a wide range of abilities, competencies, and skills to adapt to the technological era. This paper provides a literature review of the growing importance of ICT, its wide array of usage, and its influence on various facets of people's daily lives. In addition, the emerging concept of digital literacy through ICT developments, contribution of digital literacy towards the achievement of sustainable development goals, contribution of ICT towards the development of various sectors particularly the education sector, and the work done in this area of digital literacy are summarised. The paper concludes with three new models of digital literacy: four gear model, model for flexible learning, and a model showing the impact of ICT on the learning process.

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