The CGIAR Virtual Library Bridging the Gap Between Agricultural Research and Worldwide Users

2009 ◽  
pp. 308-320
Author(s):  
Mila M. Ramos ◽  
Luz Marina Alvaré ◽  
Cecilia Ferreyra ◽  
Peter Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Strategic Alliance ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Information Services ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Virtual Library ◽  
Regional Organizations ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Consultative Group

This chapter introduces the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) Virtual Library as a tool for linking researchers and agricultural research results. The CGIAR is a strategic alliance of countries, international and regional organizations, and private foundations supporting 15 international agricultural centers that work in partnership with national agricultural research institutions and societies. The research results generated are numerous and cover a wide range of subject fields. While these are properly documented, locating relevant and timely information across the system’s 15 centers is a long and tedious process as individual databases have to be searched. The CGIAR virtual library (CGVLibrary) project of the CGIAR Libraries and Information Services Consortium (CGIARLISC) was created in 2005 to address the difficulty of information retrieval across the various centers. It is now available via the WWW (http://vlibrary.cgiar.org/) and knowledge generated by the CGIAR can now be retrieved with a few mouse clicks.

TOWARDS A REGIONAL APPROACH TO RESEARCH FOR THE CGIAR AND ITS PARTNERS

2004 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. DE JANVRY ◽  
A. H. KASSAM
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
National Level ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Regional Research ◽  
Regional Organizations ◽  
Regional Approach ◽  
Research Systems ◽  
International Public Goods ◽  
New Vision ◽  
Consultative Group

At its International Centres Week in October 2000 (ICW2000), the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) adopted a new Vision and Strategy. This paper is about Plank 4 of the CGIAR's Vision and Strategy which calls for the adoption, in collaboration with national and regional partners, of a regional approach to research planning, priority setting and implementation. Given the poverty and impact focus of international public goods research, both national agricultural research systems (NARS) and the CGIAR have advantages in pursuing a regional approach as a component of their respective activities. For the NARS in the region, this means seeking advantages at the regional level that they could not derive solely from a national-level approach. For the CGIAR, this means seeking complementary gains that it could not achieve exclusively through a global or ecoregional approach. These mutual advantages open the door for partnerships in regional research between NARS and their regional organizations, and the CGIAR. The paper highlights the advantages as well as risks and limitations of a regional approach to research. Since ICW2000, all regional and sub-regional organizations and CGIAR Centres have taken action to facilitate consultation processes that could eventually lead to the establishment of a regional approach to research for the CGIAR and NARS. The paper notes some emerging lessons, and takes a forward look.

scholarly journals The smart library project

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruslan Aleksandrovich Baryshev ◽  
Sergey Vladimirovich Verkhovets ◽  
Olga Ivanovna Babina
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Information Services ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Digital Storage ◽  
Automated Learning ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Typical Type ◽  
Social Use ◽  
Personal Accounts

Purpose This paper aims to analyse the phenomenon of smart libraries, which began in the 2000s, alongside the development of computer technology, digital storage the internet and human–computer interactions. The smart library is a system of library and information services developed to support research and training activity. This paper describes the need to introduce innovative library and information services at universities through users’ personal accounts. Design/methodology/approach An analysis of more than 200 publications mainly written by foreign scientists was conducted, given the dearth of Russian literature on the smart library and its services. The analysis revealed that in Western countries, the term smart library represents a wide range of meanings – from the understanding that it is a typical type of networking to assumptions about the total services provided by libraries in an urban environment. Findings The paper presents a review of both classical library services and those that are focused on the needs of modern education and science. Research limitations/implications The research results may be the best limited to university libraries. Practical implications The research results have practical use in the Library and Publishing Complex of the Siberian Federal University. Consequently, a new library information environment has been developed and integrated into the university’s information space. Social implications The research results have social use in Siberian Federal University. The personal account can be regarded as a functioning system of interaction and information exchange among the automated systems of the Library and Publishing Complex, automated learning management system and integrated educational environment. Originality/value This paper presents a certain set of technical solutions and some services available through personal accounts.

Semantic Information Retrieval on Medical Texts

2022 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
Lynda Tamine ◽  
Lorraine Goeuriot
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Health Informatics ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Semantic Search ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Search Systems

The explosive growth and widespread accessibility of medical information on the Internet have led to a surge of research activity in a wide range of scientific communities including health informatics and information retrieval (IR). One of the common concerns of this research, across these disciplines, is how to design either clinical decision support systems or medical search engines capable of providing adequate support for both novices (e.g., patients and their next-of-kin) and experts (e.g., physicians, clinicians) tackling complex tasks (e.g., search for diagnosis, search for a treatment). However, despite the significant multi-disciplinary research advances, current medical search systems exhibit low levels of performance. This survey provides an overview of the state of the art in the disciplines of IR and health informatics, and bridging these disciplines shows how semantic search techniques can facilitate medical IR. First,we will give a broad picture of semantic search and medical IR and then highlight the major scientific challenges. Second, focusing on the semantic gap challenge, we will discuss representative state-of-the-art work related to feature-based as well as semantic-based representation and matching models that support medical search systems. In addition to seminal works, we will present recent works that rely on research advancements in deep learning. Third, we make a thorough cross-model analysis and provide some findings and lessons learned. Finally, we discuss some open issues and possible promising directions for future research trends.

Technology of production of biopesticides based on Bacillus thuringiensis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
Anatolii Bezusov ◽  
◽  
Valentyna Krutiakova ◽  
Olena Myroshnichenko ◽  
Nataliia Dotsenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Culture Fluid ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Vegetable Raw Materials

Subject of research. Biopesticides are based on live cultures of specially selected beneficial microorganisms with controlled properties. They have a pronounced phytoprotective and stimulating effect, thus providing effective prevention and protection of plants from diseases. The obtained biological product increases productivity, improves the quality and structure of the crop, does not accumulate in plants, which allows to obtain environmentally friendly agricultural products and does not harm the environment. Among the large number of bacteria, as a source of microbiological insecticide is Bacillus thuringiensis, which infects lepidopteran pests and leads to their death. Preparations based on this strain are effective when used in low concentrations of solutions. The Bacillus thuringiensis strain produces several toxins with insecticidal action, including β-exotoxin and δ-endotoxin. Toxic effect is manifested and leads to paralysis of the intestinal tract of parasites. Preparations β-exotoxin and δ-endotoxin are obtained by culturing Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria in a liquid medium. The scientific work proposes a method of industrial production using by-products of vegetable raw materials, which makes it economically feasible to use such substrates. The purpose of the study is the development of technology, formulation of nutrient medium, process parameters for the cultivation of bacteria of the genus Bacillus thuringiensis and obtaining a culture fluid containing substances of the class of biopesticides. Methods. Standard and generally accepted methods of research of bioproducts in biotechnology. The formation of bioinsecticides was established by hydrolysis methods, followed by determination of the component of β-exotoxin – ribose, the formation of octagonal crystals of exotoxin – by microscopic method. Research results. Three variants of nutrient media, which include yeast-polysaccharide complex: corn flour, corn oil, yeast autolysate were developed. The parameters of the bacterial cultivation process were studied. The final product is a paste or powder with a titer of 35 .109 spores in 1 g of the bioproduct. Scope of research results. Microbiological preparations based on Bacillus thuringiensis are highly specific and act only on insect larvae from the classes Lepidoptera and Diptera. The resulting biopesticide can be used against pests of a wide range of vegetable and fruit crops.

scholarly journals Protreptikos - the Exhortation for Scientific Tourism

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Kosiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Personal Satisfaction ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Teaching And Research ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Specific Field ◽  
Extra Effort ◽  
New Locations ◽  
Linguistic Challenges

Protreptikos - the Exhortation for Scientific TourismThe presented paper focuses primarily on the tourism activities of teaching staff at universities and other research institutions. This applies in particular to travel during which the principal purpose is, inter alia, various exploratory internships, conferences, trips as a guest professor or a visiting professor under the auspices of the Erasmus and Erasmus Mundus programs. These peregrinations require extra effort, not only with regards to teaching and research duties, but also present opportunities to confront, test and evaluate one's own research results and outlook with new listeners in new locations in different environments. This travel especially applies to the foreign environment, a situation that presents high degrees of professional, scientific and linguistic challenges, resulting in increased contributions and activity to the specific field of science. Regardless of the workload and the difficulties of the discussed travel, such travel can also bring about much personal satisfaction: a) due to a sense of a well done job as a result of meeting expectations of the employer and the host placed on the ‘messenger of science’ and b) due to the pleasure associated with those tourist experiences having autotelic and pragmatic (instrumental) overtones.

scholarly journals THE CURRENT STATE AND TRENDS OF PROCESSING SECONDARY RAW MATERIALS OF WINEMAKING IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Osipova ◽  
A. Khodakov ◽  
O. Radionova ◽  
L. Tkachenko ◽  
T. Abramova
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Administrative Authority ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Business Structures

The current state of processing secondary raw materials of winemaking in Ukraine has been analysed. It has been shown that these materials are a rich source of bioactive compounds. This allows using them to manufacture a wide range of products (oenological tannin, food oenocolourant, polyphenolic extracts, tartaric acid, beverages, grape oil, vitamin D, protein, animal feed, food powder, fertilisers, abrasive materials, etc.) with high consumer value for various industries: food, pharmaceutical, perfume and cosmetics, chemical, compound feed, etc. In the light of modern views, phenolic compounds contained in large quantities in grape stems and pomace have been shown to be indispensable factors in nutrition and treatment. It has been noted that in today’s Ukraine, there are no specialised enterprises for complex processing of secondary raw materials of winemaking. In particular, unprocessed grape stalks and pomace are in most cases uncontrollably carried away to farmlands. This leads to acid erosion of the soil and to polluting the environment by micromycete metabolites, which but exacerbates one of mankind’s global problems, the environmental one. It has been concluded that traditional domestic technologies of processing secondary raw materials of winemaking are technologically, economically, and environmentally ineffective. There is no comparative analysis of innovative domestic and foreign technologies and equipment for processing secondary raw materials of winemaking. Modern innovations to obtain bioactive additives and other products cannot be introduced, since there is no necessary home-manufactured equipment, and imported machines are too expensive. Besides, there is but weak interaction among wineries, research institutions, business structures, and administrative authority. Cluster ideology has been suggested as a basis to organise comprehensive processing of secondary raw materials of winemaking in Ukraine. This will unite the interests of wineries (producers of secondary raw materials), processing enterprises (manufacturers of products from secondary raw materials), research institutions, and potential consumers of innovative products

scholarly journals Analysis of the demand for research results in the fieldof energy and related industries

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
V. V. Arutyunov
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Engineering ◽  
Power Engineering ◽  
Publication Activity ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Radio Engineering ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Russian Science Citation Index ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Number Of Publications

The paper analyzes the importance of power engineering for solving a wide range of practical problems. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results of the research of scientists and specialists in 2013–2019 in power engineering, electrical engineering, electronics and radio engineering on the basis of RSCI databases (Russian Science Citation Index). The analysis was carried out taking into account a number of scientometric indicators: the publication activity of researchers – the annual number of their publications, as well as the citation of these publications and the demand for the results of their work. Features of dynamics of formation of indicators of publication activity are revealed: its high values are typical for electronics and radio engineering and minimum values (more than three times smaller) – for electrical engineering. For all three industries analyzed the number of publications increased in 2013–2018. It is noted that the citation indicators for the three industries have been continuously decreasing since 2014. At the same time, in the field of electronics and radio engineering in 2013–2017, citation rates are three or more times higher than similar indicators for energy and electrical engineering. The results of research in the field of electronics and radio engineering are the most popular, while the results of research in the energy sector are the least popular. At the same time, the annual demand for research results in electronics and radio engineering exceeds similar indicators for energy by about 1.4 times. The low demand indicators for all areas of research in 2019 are obviously due to the same reason as for small citation indicators this year: the slow “response” of the scientific community to this year's publications.

The IP Landscape for MEMS Packaging

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Bauer ◽  
Raymond A. Fillion ◽  
Herbert J. Neuhaus ◽  
Marc Papageorge
Keyword(s):  
Citation Analysis ◽  
Strategic Alliance ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Mems Devices ◽  
Strategic Framework ◽  
Mems Packaging ◽  
Thermal Requirements ◽  
Unique Mapping ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
On Line

Early MEMS devices employed packages developed for conventional semiconductor microelectronics. Today, MEMS packages reflect the unique environment, mechanical, chemical and thermal requirements of MEMS devices themselves. A casual search of on-line databases reveals nearly 40,000 patents worldwide containing the words “MEMS” and “package.” While not all relevant, the number of IP documents easily overwhelms researchers, investors and IP practitioners. The authors systematically analyze the relevant IP and organize it by generic technology categories. A unique mapping methodology provides greater understanding of the landscape of IP in the MEMS packaging arena across a wide range of considerations including geography, IP development and ownership trends, infrastructure implications and application concepts. The authors also present a rudimentary valuation of IP within the MEMS packaging field based on citation analysis. Finally, the authors demonstrate a method to develop a strategic framework based on the IP landscape useful for investment, market development and strategic alliance planning.

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