Covert End User Development

2008 ◽  
pp. 309-316
Author(s):  
Elaine H. Ferneley
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Dynamic Environments ◽  
End Users ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
End User ◽  
Technological Artifacts ◽  
External Stakeholders ◽  
Full Knowledge ◽  
Wide Group

End User Development (EUD) of system applications is typically undertaken by end users for their own, or closely aligned colleagues, business needs. EUD studies have focused on activity that is small scale, is undertaken with management consent and will ultimately be brought into alignment with the organisation’s software development strategy. However, due to the increase pace of today’s organisations EUD activity increasing takes place without the full knowledge or consent of management, such developments can be defined as covert rather than subversive, they emerge in response to the dynamic environments in which today’s organisations operate. This paper reports on a covert EUD project where a wide group of internal and external stakeholders worked collaboratively to drive an organisation’s software development strategy. The research highlights the future inevitability of external stakeholders engaging in end user development as, with the emergence of wiki and blog-like environments, the boundaries of organisations’ technological artifacts become increasingly hard to define.

Covert End User Development

2011 ◽  
pp. 179-186
Author(s):  
Elaine H. Ferneley
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Dynamic Environments ◽  
End Users ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
End User ◽  
Technological Artifacts ◽  
External Stakeholders ◽  
Full Knowledge ◽  
Wide Group

End user development (EUD) of system applications is typically undertaken by end users for their own, or closely aligned colleagues, business needs. EUD studies have focused on activity that is small scale, is undertaken with management consent and will ultimately be brought into alignment with the organisation’s software development strategy. However, due to the increase pace of today’s organisations EUD activity increasing takes place without the full knowledge or consent of management, such developments can be defined as covert rather than subversive, they emerge in response to the dynamic environments in which today’s organisations operate. This chapter reports on a covert EUD project where a wide group of internal and external stakeholders worked collaboratively to drive an organisation’s software development strategy. The research highlights the future inevitability of external stakeholders engaging in end user development as, with the emergence of wiki and blog-like environments, the boundaries of organisations’ technological artifacts become increasingly hard to define.

Covert End User Development

2009 ◽  
pp. 736-742
Author(s):  
Elaine H. Ferneley
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Dynamic Environments ◽  
End Users ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
End User ◽  
Technological Artifacts ◽  
External Stakeholders ◽  
Full Knowledge ◽  
Wide Group

End User Development (EUD) of system applications is typically undertaken by end users for their own, or closely aligned colleagues, business needs. EUD studies have focused on activity that is small scale, is undertaken with management consent and will ultimately be brought into alignment with the organisation’s software development strategy. However, due to the increase pace of today’s organisations EUD activity increasing takes place without the full knowledge or consent of management, such developments can be defined as covert rather than subversive, they emerge in response to the dynamic environments in which today’s organisations operate. This paper reports on a covert EUD project where a wide group of internal and external stakeholders worked collaboratively to drive an organisation’s software development strategy. The research highlights the future inevitability of external stakeholders engaging in end user development as, with the emergence of wiki and blog-like environments, the boundaries of organisations’ technological artifacts become increasingly hard to define.

scholarly journals A Strategy for Developing End-user Developers: ‘I Thought I Hated Every Minute of It, But I Learnt Such a Lot’

10.28945/2540 ◽  
2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Monday
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
End Users ◽  
Degree Program ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Market Place ◽  
End User ◽  
University Lecturers ◽  
Year 2000

A continuing challenge for university lecturers is to develop successful programs that challenge students whilst at the same time responding to a ‘customer’ driven market place. In 2000, two new courses were introduced into a business degree program as a result of feedback from past and present students and the business community. These courses aimed to explore the wider issues of end-users developing small-scale applications to support their role at work whilst possessing a limited skill set in applications development. In each year (2000 and 2001) a different approach was adopted. This paper reflects upon the teaching of these two courses over the two-year period, the responses of students to the different approaches and the extent to which the learning outcomes were achieved.

Supporting Work Practice Through End-User Development Environments

2008 ◽  
pp. 1823-1842
Author(s):  
M. F. Costabile ◽  
D. Fogli ◽  
R. Lanzilotti
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
End Users ◽  
Interactive System ◽  
Software Development Process ◽  
End User ◽  
And Performance

End-user development means the active participation of end users in the software development process. In this perspective, tasks that are traditionally performed by professional software developers are transferred to end users, who need to be specifically supported in performing these tasks. We have developed a methodology that supports user work practice and metadesign, allowing experts in a domain to personalize and evolve their own software environments. In this article we illustrate how this methodology is applied to a project for the development of an interactive system in the medical domain. Physicians and their activities have been carefully analyzed through a field study that is reported in the article, in order to provide them with computer systems that may improve their work practice and determine an increase in their productivity and performance, that is, a better quality of diagnosis and medical cure, with the achievement of competitive advantage for the organization they work in.

scholarly journals Data-Driven Persona Retrospective Based on Persona Significance Index in B-to-B Software Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (01) ◽  
pp. 117-146
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Watanabe ◽  
Hironori Washizaki ◽  
Yoshiaki Fukazawa ◽  
Kiyoshi Honda ◽  
Masahiro Taga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
End Users ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
End User ◽  
Cloud Application ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Agile Software ◽  
Business To Business

Business-to-Business (B-to-B) software development companies develop services to satisfy their customers’ requirements. Developers should prioritize customer satisfaction because customers greatly influence agile software development. However, satisfying current customer’s requirements may not fulfill actual users or future customers’ requirements because customers’ requirements are not always derived from actual users. To reconcile these differences, developers should identify conflicts in their strategic plan. This plan should consider current commitments to end users and their intentions as well as employ a data-driven approach to adapt to rapid market changes. A persona models an end user representation in human-centered design. Although previous works have applied personas to software development and proposed data-driven software engineering frameworks with gap analysis between the effectiveness of commitments and expectations, the significance of developers’ commitment and quantitative decision-making are not considered. Developers often do not achieve their business goal due to conflicts. Hence, the target of commitments should be validated. To address these issues, we propose Data-Driven Persona Retrospective (DDR) to help developers plan future releases. DDR, which includes the Persona Significance Index (PerSI) to reflect developers’ commitments to end users’ personas, helps developers identify a gap between developers’ commitments to personas and expectations. In addition, DDR identifies release situations with conflicts based on PerSI. Specifically, we define four release cases, which include different situations and issues, and provide a method to determine the release case based on PerSI. Then we validate the release cases and their determinations through a case study involving a Japanese cloud application and discuss the effectiveness of DDR.

scholarly journals End-User Software Development: Effectiveness of a Software Engineering-Centric Instructional Strategy

10.28945/4580 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 367-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilenia Fronza ◽  
Luis Corral ◽  
Claus Pahl
Keyword(s):  
Software Engineering ◽  
Software Development ◽  
Instructional Strategies ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Instructional Strategy ◽  
End Users ◽  
Assessment Framework ◽  
End User ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Software Product

Aim/Purpose: This work aims to introduce and evaluate an instructional strategy that aids end-users with developing their software products during intensive project-based events. Background: End-users produce software in the labor market, and one of the challenges for End-User Software Engineering (EUSE) is the need to create functional software products without a formal education in software development. Methodology: In this work, we present an instructional strategy to expose end-users to Agile-based Software Engineering (SE) practices and enhance their ability to developing high-quality software. Moreover, we introduce a SE approach for the collection of metrics to assess the effectiveness of the instructional strategy. We conducted two case studies to validate the effectiveness of our strategy; the comprehensive analysis of the outcome products evaluates the strategy and demonstrates how to interpret the collected metrics. Contribution: This work contributes to the research and practitioner body of knowledge by leveraging SE centric concepts to design an instructional strategy to lay the foundations of SE competencies in inexperienced developers. This work presents an instructional strategy to develop SE competencies through an intensive and time-bound structure that may be replicated. Moreover, the present work introduces a framework to evaluate these competencies from a product-centric approach, specialized for non-professional individuals. Finally, the framework contributes to understanding how to assess software quality when the software product is written in non-conventional, introductory programming languages. Findings: The results show the effectiveness of our instructional strategy: teams were successful in constructing a working software product. However, participants did not display a good command of source code order and structure. Recommendations for Practitioners: Our instructional strategy provides practitioners with a framework to lay foundations in SE competencies during intensive project-based events. Based on the results of our case studies, we provide a set of recommendations for educational practice. Recommendation for Researchers: We propose an assessment framework to analyze the effectiveness of the instructional strategy from a SE perspective. This analysis provides an overall picture of the participants’ performance; other researchers could use our framework to evaluate the effectiveness of their activities, which would contribute to increasing the possibility of comparing the effectiveness of different instructional strategies. Impact on Society: Given the number of end-user developers who create software products without a formal SE training, several professional and educational contexts can benefit from our proposed instructional strategy and assessment framework. Future Research: Further research can focus on improving the assessment framework by including both process and product metrics to shed light on the effectiveness of the instructional strategies.

scholarly journals The impact of end-userś participation (cancer patients) during the optimization process

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Houwaart
Keyword(s):  
End Users ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Optimization Process ◽  
Patient Organization ◽  
End User ◽  
The Public ◽  
Patient Organizations ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Abstract End-user (e.g. patients or the public) testing of information material is becoming more common in the German public health care system. However, including the end-user (in this case patients) in an optimisation process and thus enabling a close collaboration while developing PIMs is still rare. This is surprising, given the fact that patients provide the exact perspective one is trying to address. Within the isPO project, a patient organization is included as a legal project partner to act as the patient representative and provide the patient's perspective. As such, the patient organization was included in the PHR approach as part of the PIM-optimisation team. During the optimisation process, the patients gave practical insights into the procedures of diagnosing and treating different types of cancer as well as into the patient's changing priorities and challenges at different time points. This was crucial information for the envisioned application of the individual PIMs and their hierarchical overview. Moreover, the developed PIM-checklist enabled the patients to give detailed feedback to the PIMs. With their experience of being in the exact situation in which the PIMs will be applied, their recommendations, especially on the wording and layout of the materials, have been a valuable contribution to the PIM optimisation process. In this part of the seminar, we will take a closer look at the following skill building aspects: What is gained from including patients as end-users in the development and optimization of PIM?How can we reach patients to contribute to a PIM optimization process? Which requirements and prerequisites do patients have to provide to successfully work on an optimisation team?How to compromise and weigh opinions when different ideas occur? Altogether, this part will construct a structured path of productive patient involvement and help to overcome uncertainties regarding a collaboration with patient organizations.

scholarly journals Modelling End-User Behavior and Behavioral Change in Smart Grids. An Application of the Model of Frame Selection

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6674
Author(s):  
Sebastian Hoffmann ◽  
Fabian Adelt ◽  
Johannes Weyer
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grids ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
End Users ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
System Stability ◽  
End User ◽  
Frame Selection ◽  
Model Of Frame Selection ◽  
Modes Of Governance ◽  
Strong Control

This paper presents an agent-based model (ABM) for residential end-users, which is part of a larger, interdisciplinary co-simulation framework that helps to investigate the performance of future power distribution grids (i.e., smart grid scenarios). Different modes of governance (strong, soft and self-organization) as well as end-users’ heterogeneous behavior represent key influential factors. Feedback was implemented as a measure to foster grid-beneficial behavior, which encompasses a range of monetary and non-monetary incentives (e.g., via social comparison). The model of frame selection (MFS) serves as theoretical background for modelling end-users’ decision-making. Additionally, we conducted an online survey to ground the end-user sub-model on empirical data. Despite these empirical and theoretical foundations, the model presented should be viewed as a conceptual framework, which requires further data collection. Using an example scenario, representing a lowly populated residential area (167 households) with a high share of photovoltaic systems (30%), different modes of governance were compared with regard to their suitability for improving system stability (measured in cumulated load). Both soft and strong control were able to decrease overall fluctuations as well as the mean cumulated load (by approx. 10%, based on weekly observation). However, we argue that soft control could be sufficient and more societally desirable.

End-User-Driven Approach for Regulatory Compliance in the Public Cloud

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Jitendra Singh ◽  
Vikas Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Business Groups ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Expert Advice ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Public Cloud ◽  
End User ◽  
The Public ◽  
Limited Budget

Regulatory compliance is equally binding on small and medium business groups. Owing to the small scale and limited budget, such SMBs are unable to seek expert advice. To adequately guard the SMBs in regulatory compliance, the present work proposed a third-party managed-end user-driven approach that renders the list of regulatory acts applicable in one's case according to the country of one's residence, services subscribed, and type of the operations to be carried out in subscribed cloud paradigm. The list of applicable regulatory acts are rendered at the subscriber's end only. In addition, the proposed method notifies the present state of compliance of under-considered cloud providers. Based on the recommendation received, the subscriber can proceed with his decision to subscribe or not to subscribe in the event if desired compliances do not exist. This technological assistance will eliminate the need to possess the required knowledge in regulatory acts or seeking advice from the regulatory expert.

SECURITY IN CLOUD COMPUTING IN INDIAN GOVERNMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Vishnu Choudhari ◽  
Dr. Ashish B Sasankar
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
Cloud Security ◽  
End Users ◽  
Security Architecture ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
End User ◽  
Cloud Service Providers

Abstract –Today Security issue is the topmost problem in the cloud computing environment. It leads to serious discomfort to the Governance and end-users. Numerous security solutions and policies are available however practically ineffective in use. Most of the security solutions are centered towards cloud technology and cloud service providers only and no consideration has been given to the Network, accessing, and device securities at the end-user level. The discomfort at the end-user level was left untreated. The security of the various public, private networks, variety of devices used by end-users, accessibility, and capacity of end-users is left untreated. This leads towards the strong need for the possible modification of the security architecture for data security at all levels and secured service delivery. This leads towards the strong need for the possible adaption of modified security measures and provisions, which shall provide secured hosting and service delivery at all levels and reduce the security gap between the cloud service providers and end-users. This paper investigates the study and analyze the security architecture in the Cloud environment of Govt. of India and suggest the modifications in the security architecture as per the changing scenario and to fulfill the future needs for the secured service delivery from central up to the end-user level. Keywords: Cloud Security, Security in GI Cloud, Cloud Security measures, Security Assessment in GI Cloud, Proposed Security for GI cloud

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