Manufacturing, Control, and Automation

2022 ◽  
pp. 384-405
Author(s):  
Shubhajit Das ◽  
Kakoli Roy ◽  
Tage Nampi
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Condition Based Maintenance ◽  
Open Architecture ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Process Equipment ◽  
Adaptive Control Systems ◽  
The Common ◽  
Process Controls ◽  
Level Process

This chapter identifies the common needs for process controls and automation that include methodologies to enable in-situ-level process controls, optimization at the plant or industry level, open-architecture software tools, adaptive control systems, methods and diagnostic tools for condition-based maintenance of process equipment in a manufacturing industry.

Manufacturing, Control, and Automation

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-144
Author(s):  
Shubhajit Das ◽  
Kakoli Roy ◽  
Tage Nampi
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Condition Based Maintenance ◽  
Open Architecture ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Process Equipment ◽  
Adaptive Control Systems ◽  
The Common ◽  
Process Controls ◽  
Level Process

This chapter identifies the common needs for process controls and automation that include methodologies to enable in-situ-level process controls, optimization at the plant or industry level, open-architecture software tools, adaptive control systems, methods and diagnostic tools for condition-based maintenance of process equipment in a manufacturing industry.

scholarly journals In-Situ Diagnostics at High Pressures: Ellipsometric and Rheed Studies of the Growth of Yba2Cu3O7

1997 ◽  
Vol 502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave H. A. Blank ◽  
Horst Rogalla
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Complex Oxide ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Heteroepitaxial Growth ◽  
Deposition Parameters

ABSTRACTPulsed Laser and Sputter Deposition are used for the fabrication of complex oxide thin films at relatively high oxygen pressures (up to 0.5 mBar). This high pressure hampers the application of a number of in-situ diagnostic tools. One of the exceptions is ellipsometry. Using this technique we studied in-situ the growth of off-axis sputtered Yba2Cu3O6+x thin films on (001) SrTiO3 as a function of the deposition parameters. Furthermore, the oxidation process from O(6) to O(7) has been studied by performing spectroscopic ellipsometry during isobaric cooling procedures.Another suitable in-situ monitoring technique for the growth of thin films is Reflection High Energy Electron Diffraction (RHEED). In general this is a (high) vacuum technique. Here, we present an RHEED-system in which we can observe clear diffraction patterns up to a deposition pressure of 0.5 mBar. The system has been used for in-situ monitoring of the heteroepitaxial growth of YBa2Cu3 06+x on SrTiO3 by pulsed laser deposition.

scholarly journals In-Situ Tools Used in Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Research—Review

Batteries ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Purna C. Ghimire ◽  
Arjun Bhattarai ◽  
Tuti M. Lim ◽  
Nyunt Wai ◽  
Maria Skyllas-Kazacos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Research Review ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Vanadium Redox

Progress in renewable energy production has directed interest in advanced developments of energy storage systems. The all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is one of the attractive technologies for large scale energy storage due to its design versatility and scalability, longevity, good round-trip efficiencies, stable capacity and safety. Despite these advantages, the deployment of the vanadium battery has been limited due to vanadium and cell material costs, as well as supply issues. Improving stack power density can lower the cost per kW power output and therefore, intensive research and development is currently ongoing to improve cell performance by increasing electrode activity, reducing cell resistance, improving membrane selectivity and ionic conductivity, etc. In order to evaluate the cell performance arising from this intensive R&D, numerous physical, electrochemical and chemical techniques are employed, which are mostly carried out ex situ, particularly on cell characterizations. However, this approach is unable to provide in-depth insights into the changes within the cell during operation. Therefore, in situ diagnostic tools have been developed to acquire information relating to the design, operating parameters and cell materials during VRFB operation. This paper reviews in situ diagnostic tools used to realize an in-depth insight into the VRFBs. A systematic review of the previous research in the field is presented with the advantages and limitations of each technique being discussed, along with the recommendations to guide researchers to identify the most appropriate technique for specific investigations.

Development of In-Situ SUB-100nm Particle Detection in Vacuum System

2006 ◽  
Vol 321-323 ◽  
pp. 1707-1710
Author(s):  
Kang Ho Ahn ◽  
Yong Min Kim
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Free Particle ◽  
Vacuum System ◽  
Process Equipment ◽  
Particle Detection ◽  
Critical Location ◽  
Feasibility Test ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Time Information

A feasibility test for real-time fine particle measurements in vacuum semiconductor processing equipment has been conducted. The approach in monitoring particles in process equipment is an installation of a sensor at a critical location inside the process equipment (hence the term ‘in-situ’) to track free particle levels in real-time. Common method for particle detection in a process chamber today is a use of test wafer with a laser wafer scanner. However, this method does not give a real time information of the particle status in the process chamber. In this paper, a new method has been developed to detect particles in real time in vacuum system for particles smaller than an optical method can detect. The system consists of a particle charging region and a particle detection region in a vacuum system. Particles with 50nm are successfully detected at about 10 torr region.

scholarly journals Detection of chromosome 20q deletions in bone marrow metaphases but not peripheral blood granulocytes in patients with myeloproliferative disorders or myelodysplastic syndromes

Blood ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 1561-1570 ◽  
Author(s):  
FA Asimakopoulos ◽  
TL Holloway ◽  
EP Nacheva ◽  
MA Scott ◽  
P Fenaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Myelodysplastic Syndromes ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Myeloproliferative Disorders ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Multipotent Progenitors ◽  
The Common ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
A Minor

Myeloproliferative disorders and myelodysplastic syndromes arise in multipotent progenitors and may be associated with chromosomal deletions that can be detected in peripheral blood granulocytes. We present here seven patients with myeloproliferative disorders or myelodysplastic syndromes in whom a deletion of the long arm of chromosome 20 was detectable by G-banding and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization in most or all bone marrow metaphases. However, in each case, microsatellite polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using 15 primer pairs spanning the common deleted region on 20q showed that the deletion was absent from most peripheral blood granulocytes. The human androgen receptor clonality assay was used to show that the vast majority of peripheral blood granulocytes were clonal in all four female patients. This represents the first demonstration that the 20q deletion can arise as a second event in patients with pre-existing clonal granulopoiesis. Microsatellite PCR analysis of whole bone marrow from two patients was consistent with cytogenetic studies, a result that suggests that cytogenetic analysis was not merely selecting for a minor subclone of cells carrying the deletion. Furthermore, in one patient, the deletion was present in both erythroid and granulocyte/monocyte colonies. This implies that the absence of the deletion in most peripheral blood granulocytes did not reflect lineage restriction of the progenitors carrying the deletion but may instead result from other selective influences such as preferential retention/destruction within the bone marrow of granulocytes carrying the deletion.

scholarly journals In-situ severe breeding habitat intervention only achieves temporary success in reducing Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Fernández-Loras ◽  
Luz Boyero ◽  
Jaime Bosch
Keyword(s):  
Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
Habitat Manipulation ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Breeding Habitats ◽  
The Common ◽  
Natural Breeding ◽  
Midwife Toad

Abstract Chytridiomycosis, an emerging infectious disease caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), is causing sharp declines in amphibian populations around the globe. A substantial research effort has been made to study the disease, including treatments against Bd, but most treatments have been applied to captive amphibians only. We report a study aimed at clearing wild populations of the Common Midwife toad Alytes obstetricans. We removed all larvae from natural breeding sites (cattle troughs) and conducted two types of severe breeding habitat manipulation (complete drying and fencing for the whole breeding season). While larval removal followed by drying was a successful method of Bd elimination, the effect was only temporary. Since terrestrial habits of adult A. obstetricans prevent them from infection, our findings suggest that, even in simple breeding habitats where all aquatic amphibian stages can be handled and extreme habitat intervention is possible, Bd cannot be eliminated without controlling other potential Bd reservoirs in the surroundings of breeding sites.

Research of Micro Hole Vibration Drilling Process and Experiment

2011 ◽  
Vol 697-698 ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Xing Yu Guo ◽  
Cheng Ge Wu
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Defense Industry ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Drilling Machine ◽  
Micro Hole ◽  
The Common ◽  
Position Precision ◽  
Vibration Drilling ◽  
Hole Machining

It is always the difficulties for micro hole machining in the machine manufacturing industry, even more in the defense industry. The vibration drilling new craft, with the incomparable advantages in micro hole drilling, is different from the common one. The precision NC micro hole vibration drilling machine is developed, and the micro hole drilling experiments are conducted. The vibration drilling can not only improve the drill life more than ten times compared with the normal one, but also improve the centering ability and position precision.

Management systems integration: survey results

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1252-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Domingues ◽  
Paulo Sampaio ◽  
Pedro M. Arezes
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Iso 14001 ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Common ◽  
Effective Integration

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report the results from a survey carried out among Portuguese companies with their management systems (MSs) certified according to, at least two of the following standards: ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001. In addition, the results from a second survey conducted amid a group of experts that pointed out several aspects that impact on the integration level will be dissected. Design/methodology/approach The phenomenon of MSs integration is hardly transferable to a contained environment so some of the common research methods traditionally adopted include case studies, surveys, interviews and observation in situ. The findings from two surveys online among Portuguese companies and Portuguese experts are reported in the current paper. Findings The results suggest that a set of common characteristics is present on the majority of the surveyed companies. On first hand, there is evidence of an effective integration of the policies and the existence of an integrated system manager on the organizational structure of the companies. On the other hand, results suggest that training was provided to top management concerning integration issues, an integrating concept was taken into account during the implementation process and tools, and methods and objectives of the subsystems are aligned. Research limitations/implications This paper addresses the issues raised in the mainstream scientific bibliography through the collection of information amidst Portuguese companies. At this stage, it is not possible to infer at which extent the conclusions may be transferable to other geographic contexts. The small number of companies that completed the survey precludes the statistical generalization of the findings but the analytical generalization is not impaired. Originality/value The authors believe that the conclusions of this paper may aid both practioneers and scholars in the understanding of a complex but manageable organizational phenomenon. In addition, through the contents of this paper companies may collect information regarding the pertinent issues to address when developing their IMSs.

scholarly journals Exportin 1 Mediates Nuclear Export of the Kinetoplastid Spliced Leader RNA

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gusti M. Zeiner ◽  
Nancy R. Sturm ◽  
David A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Export ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Leptomycin B ◽  
Spliced Leader ◽  
Small Nuclear Rnas ◽  
Rna Biogenesis ◽  
Common Substrate ◽  
The Common

ABSTRACT The kinetoplastid protozoan spliced leader (SL) RNA is the common substrate pre-mRNA utilized in all trans-splicing reactions. Here we show by fluorescence in situ hybridization that the SL RNA is present in the cytoplasm of Leishmania tarentolae and Trypanosoma brucei. Treatment with the karyopherin-specific inhibitor leptomycin B was toxic to T. brucei and eliminated the cytoplasmic SL RNA, suggesting that cytoplasmic SL RNA was dependent on the nuclear exporter exportin 1 (XPO1). Ectopic expression of xpo1 with a C506S mutation in T. brucei conferred resistance to leptomycin B. A reduction in SL RNA 3′ extension removal and 5′ methylation of nucleotide U4 was observed in wild-type T. brucei treated with leptomycin B, suggesting that the cytoplasmic stage is necessary for SL RNA biogenesis. This study demonstrates spatial and mechanistic similarities between the posttranscriptional trafficking of the kinetoplastid protozoan SL RNA and the metazoan cis-spliceosomal small nuclear RNAs.

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