Constructivism, Pluralism, and Pedagogy From Below in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-126
Author(s):  
Wahid Ahmad Dar
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
The Political ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Formal Curriculum ◽  
Native Communities ◽  
Indian Schools ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Teaching Learning

The chapter argues for a synthesis of principles of constructivism with the political and legal dimensions of educational pluralism. This synthesis has been argued to give a determining and central position to pedagogies from below in the process of framing curriculum and organizing teaching learning activities in Indian schools. Constructivism and educational pluralism represent two voices which assert for relying on psychological principles and countering the dangers of political hegemony in educational landscape, respectively. They both talk about the importance of pedagogy from below as a helpful reality focused toolkit for undoing the effects of historical social inequity and breaking the hegemony of dominant class in the process of knowledge construction and dissemination. Integrative role of educational anthropologists with the help of ethnographic research on native communities across the world in developing innovative methods on how can local community knowledge be integrated into formal curriculum and pedagogic practice has been highlighted.

scholarly journals (In)coherent subjects? The politics of conceptualising resistance in the UK asylum system

2021 ◽  
pp. 239965442110338
Author(s):  
Sarah M Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Political Action ◽  
Political Agency ◽  
The Political ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Sovereign Power ◽  
Subject Formation ◽  
Grounding Resistance ◽  
Migration Control ◽  
The Uk

Many accounts of resistance within systems of migration control pivot upon a coherent migrant subject, one that is imbued with political agency and posited as oppositional to particular forms of sovereign power. Drawing upon ethnographic research into the role of creativity within the UK asylum system, I argue that grounding resistance with a stable, coherent and agentic subject, aligns with oppositional narratives (of power vs resistance), and thereby risks negating the entangled politics of the (in)coherence of subject formation, and how this can contain the potential to disrupt, disturb or interrupt the practices and premise of the UK asylum system. I suggest that charity groups and subjects should not be written out of narratives of resistance apriori because they engage with ‘the state’: firstly, because to argue that there is a particular form that resistance should take is to place limits around what counts as the political; and secondly, because to ‘remain oppositional’ is at odds with an (in)coherent subject. I show how accounts which highlight a messy and ambiguous subjectivity, could be bought into understandings of resistance. This is important because as academics, we too participate in the delineation of the political and what counts as resistance. In predetermining what subjects, and forms of political action count as resistance we risk denying recognition to those within this system.

scholarly journals The Role of Small Towns in Local Place Making

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadett Csurgó ◽  
Boldizsár Megyesi
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Local Identity ◽  
Place Making ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Image Building ◽  
Innovative Capacity ◽  
Local Image

Abstract Self-promotion and reinterpretation of local identity is becoming increasingly important in rural communities. Local identity building is succeeded very differently by rural municipalities and regions. The paper analyses the role of small towns in local identity creation. There are varying interpretations of places in Hungary as ways of achieving meaningful territorialisation. Small towns based on their leading and central position within the micro regions can dominate the place-making processes. Using the example of six Hungarian rural micro-regions we analyse how rural small towns position themselves by local image building. The aim of this paper is to investigate interactions between territorial position and innovative capacity of rural towns through the analysis of symbolisation process and image building. We purpose to introduce a concept of a place oriented approach and demonstrate its usefulness for analysis of rural innovation and place-based development. The case-studies are based on qualitative methods: document-analysis, semi-structured interviews, transect walking and participatory observation. The paper analyses the process of local community and identity building in six rural micro-regions. We seek to understand how small towns position themselves in place-making, the aim of ‘placing’ themselves in the territorial hierarchy of the settlements of micro region. Our results suggest that small towns play very different roles in local image building. Characteristics and territorial scope of local cultural heritage significantly determine the innovative capacity of small towns in local image building where there is a wide range of meanings procedures and processes of place-making.

Perspectives on Teaching: A Space for Reflection on the Sociopolitical Nature of Doing

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1017-1022
Author(s):  
Isabel Cristina Rincón Rodríguez ◽  
◽  
Jorge E. Chaparro Medina ◽  
José Gregorio Noroño Sánchez ◽  
Marcela Garzón Posada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Practice ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Student Interaction ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Training Performance ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
The Social ◽  
Teaching Learning

In the exercise of teaching, teachers give account of different forms of organization: emerging, self-managed and autonomous product of conceptions that arise from training, performance and experiences where the socio-political nature of both his being and individual that integrates and makes part of social groups, as in the exercise of professional practice. Under this horizon, the aim of this work is to analyze from the social function of the teacher the sociopolitical role of their task as far as the political vision has, ability to understand social problems and generate actions for which is part of a frame of reference where the concepts that allow to develop theoretical analysis to identify the sociopolitical expression of the teaching exercise are exposed, considering that in this practice this type of content is revealed in the teachers as actors of the teaching-learning process, both in the training in their performance based on the training they receive, the historical geographical relationship and the experiences that their activity provides them with what has framed this work. It is concluded that in the exercise of teaching work are present sociopolitical categories that affect both the understanding of social phenomena and the pretense of practical actions that transform these realities from the institution-teacher-student interaction.

The Role of Kinship in Negotiating Territorial Rights

Inner Asia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariell Ahearn
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
The Political ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Government Administration ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
Territorial Rights ◽  
National Constitution ◽  
Land Use Practices

This paper explores the role of kinship in herder claims for winter shelter ownership in rural Mongolia, where pastureland is currently designated as state-owned property in the national constitution. Drawing on ethnographic research conducted amongst mobile pastoralist households, this article demonstrates how contemporary winter pasture rights take shape within a locus of political relations structured by custodial land-use practices. It highlights the ways that herders negotiate for territorial rights through appeals to established regional families and are how these appeals are mediated by local government administration. From this analysis, I argue that concepts of kinship in the political economy of pastoralism should be re-examined in light of current debates around land-tenure legislation in Mongolia.

Museums and Antiquarian Anthropology: Past, Present, and Future

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-67
Author(s):  
Lea S. McChesney
Keyword(s):  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Native Communities ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Museum Practice ◽  
Critical Perspectives ◽  
Native Voice

This article traces the divergent reception of a museum catalog I co-authored at the outset of my career as a case study to explore shifting paradigms of museum practice in the 20th and 21st centuries. Reconsidering its initial condemnation as “antiquarian” on its publication becomes a means to rethink collections as heritage resources in relation to Native communities and consider how museum publications are repurposed in other arenas through ethnographic research. This new perspective draws on decades of collaboration with members of the community whose heritage the collection represents, assessing the role of mutually engaged, critical perspectives on “old” museum collections for contemporary museum practice. Using a reflexive lens, I argue that collaborative anthropology recovering historical entanglements and Native voice and agency enables museum resources to engender a post-colonial, post-antiquarian anthropology.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF ULAMA AND MUSLIMS IN STRENGTHENING NATIONAL UNION OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA (The Government of the Republic of Indonesia)

CosmoGov ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Taufiqurokhman
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Paper ◽  
The Political ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Small Community ◽  
National Union ◽  
Track Record ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

The Indonesian government with the central position of power in Java and the form of the Government of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI), the spread of Islam in the Land of Java in the framework of NKRI Government implemented by the scholars of Indonesia especially the spread of Islam carried out widely with the appearance of Wali Songo in Java. The presence of the scholars by giving his dakwah to the wider community, and the state of Indonesia is the largest adherents of Islam. At the end of 2014 came the figure of President Jokowi is quite phenomenal and assume the role of President Jokowi many do the ways of Islamic da'wah as did the scholars and guardians songo. Namely break through the customs of feudalism culture, like done by the scholars and guardian songo who plunge into the community perform da'wah. Judging from the track record of the political journey Jokowi Government which he lived withblusukan leadership model, which is closer to the small community, has led Jokowi in the highest seat of leadership, namely the president of the VII of the Republic of Indonesia. Therefore, this scientific paper, will explore and analyze the role of ulama in strengthening the government of the Republic of Indonesia, which is commanded by President Jokowi, the president of Indonesia to VII, So that can be seen how far the alignment of scholars and Muslims in Indonesia. Questions in the formulation of the problem in this writing is the role of scholars and Muslims in the Government of NKRI. Type of research used to answer these questions is the type of library research (library research), with the nature of descriptive analytic research with socio-political approach. Data obtained from journal books, laws, documentation, research reports and other sources relevant to the studied discussion. After all the data collected, then the next step is to analyze the data with explorative deductive analysis, that is how the political behavior of President Joko Widodo in his role against Muslims led by the scholars in Indonesia. After conducting a study of the data, this study drew the conclusion of a leader's social behavior affecting the government of his dreams. As in the case studied in this study, it was found that the role of scholars and Muslims has a strong influence to strengthen the government of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia.

scholarly journals The Role of Muslim Migrants in the Spread of Islam in East Africa: A Case Study of Uganda

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Aiseta Aisha
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Northern Uganda ◽  
The West ◽  
Religious Wars ◽  
British Colonial ◽  
To Receive

Abstract The spread of Islam in Uganda is attributed to both foreign and local Muslim migrants. These included the Khartoumers who arrived in northern Uganda in 1830, the Arabs who arrived in 1844 and the Baganda, the first local community to receive Islam. The latter was instrumental in the spread of Islam in the Eastern and Western parts of the country. In the East, a group of Muslims arrived in the area with Semei Kakungulu around the twentieth century, a British colonial agent, and in their interactions with the locals they passed on tips of Islam to them. In the West, it was the Muslim refugees of the political and religious wars of 1880s/1890s that played a significant role. Muslims in Uganda still lag behind in many sectors and are divided along tribalistic grounds. However, the Baganda believe that they greatly contributed to the spread of Islam in the country. Thus, they should produce the overall Muslim leadership, a development which the other tribes cannot accept. They argue that although Islam entered Buganda first, it was not the Baganda who brought it. They, however, acknowledge the role played by the above-mentioned migrants. That is said, this paper illustrates how migrants contributed to the spread of Islam in Ugandaanalysis statistical method covering eight distinct retail elements through a nationwide sampling dispersal. Keywords: migrants, Muslims, Islam, refugees, Baganda, Arabs, Khartoumers, Nubians, Berbe

Ethnographic Research, Local Power Brokers and the Political Reorganization of Colonial Ewedome, British Mandated Territory, 1914-1930s

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-70
Author(s):  
Wilson K. Yayoh
Keyword(s):  
Local People ◽  
The Political ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Local Power ◽  
Local Dynamics ◽  
Colonial State ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Counter Argument ◽  
Indirect Rule

Present-day scholars have critically examined the nature and dynamics of indirect rule in Africa and have found it to be riddled with contradictions and ambiguities. Colonial officers were often accused of imposing colonial structures on local people in the name of tradition. Native Authorities (NAs), for instance, were seen as colonial inventions that often lacked real legitimacy. This article, however, extends the counter argument that the colonial state was actually the product of complex local dynamics rather than a straightforward ‘imposition’. This article uses both primary and secondary sources to provide evidence which shows how ethnographic research shaped the British policy of amalgamation in colonial Ewedome and secondly adds to our knowledge on the role of local power brokers in the formulation of colonial policies in Africa.Keywords: Ethnography; Power Brokers; Colonial State; Intermediaries; mediation; legitimacy

scholarly journals When the Needs of Multicultural Classroom are Ignored: An Ethnographic Study in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Meenakshi Dahal
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Multicultural Classroom ◽  
Role Of Teachers ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Do So

The teaching-learning process begins with the interaction between the teachers and the children. Without two-way interaction between student and teachers the process is incomplete. Using ethnographic research methods, this paper aims to analyze the role of teachers in a multicultural classroom. Attempt is made to do so by exploring and understanding the school culture and its impact on children’s learning as well as the perception of the teachers in its processes. It is found that the teachers’ cultural understandings and the children’s cultural background is not adequately addressed in the teaching-learning process.

Track 2.a Introduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sucharita BENIWAL ◽  
Sahil MATHUR ◽  
Lesley-Ann NOEL ◽  
Cilla PEMBERTON ◽  
Suchitra BALASUBRAHMANYAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Knowledge Systems ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Native Communities ◽  
Cultural Systems ◽  
Local Practices

The aim of this track was to question the divide between the nature of knowledge understood as experiential in indigenous contexts and science as an objective transferable knowledge. However, these can co-exist and inform design practices within transforming social contexts. The track aimed to challenge the hegemony of dominant knowledge systems, and demonstrate co-existence. The track also hoped to make a case for other systems of knowledges and ways of knowing through examples from native communities. The track was particularly interested in, first, how innovators use indigenous and cultural systems and frameworks to manage or promote innovation and second, the role of local knowledge and culture in transforming innovation as well as the form of local practices inspired innovation. The contributions also aspired to challenge through examples, case studies, theoretical frameworks and methodologies the hegemony of dominant knowledge systems, the divides of ‘academic’ vs ‘non-academic’ and ‘traditional’ vs ‘non-traditional’.

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