UAV-Based Smart Environmental Monitoring

2020 ◽  
pp. 317-335
Author(s):  
Muhammad Imran Majid ◽  
Yunfei Chen ◽  
Osama Mahfooz ◽  
Wajahat Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Environmental Sampling ◽  
Environmental Laws ◽  
Cost Benefits ◽  
Cyber Insurance ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Platform System ◽  
The Cost

In the context of digital governance, manmade activities will have the most impact on the environment. The concept of internet of things (IoT) is much more profound, supposedly having an impact on the way environmental sampling of data takes place. The cost benefits of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as alternate to satellite or high-altitude platform system (HAPS) is established as these are more flexible, mission specific, and versatile. UAV in sensor network context and communication relaying as well as data harvesting application is explored. Proposal to upgrade environmental laws and implementing network infrastructure security and cyber insurance for HetNets involving UAVs and environmental monitoring will be covered as well.

scholarly journals A Possible Smart Metering System Evolution for Rural and Remote Areas Employing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Internet of Things in Smart Grids

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1627
Author(s):  
Giovanni Battista Gaggero ◽  
Mario Marchese ◽  
Aya Moheddine ◽  
Fabio Patrone
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Smart Metering ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Electrical Grid ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Rural And Remote Areas

The way of generating and distributing energy throughout the electrical grid to all users is evolving. The concept of Smart Grid (SG) took place to enhance the management of the electrical grid infrastructure and its functionalities from the traditional system to an improved one. To measure the energy consumption of the users is one of these functionalities that, in some countries, has already evolved from a periodical manual consumption reading to a more frequent and automatic one, leading to the concept of Smart Metering (SM). Technology improvement could be applied to the SM systems to allow, on one hand, a more efficient way to collect the energy consumption data of each user, and, on the other hand, a better distribution of the available energy through the infrastructure. Widespread communication solutions based on existing telecommunication infrastructures instead of using ad-hoc ones can be exploited for this purpose. In this paper, we recall the basic elements and the evolution of the SM network architecture focusing on how it could further improve in the near future. We report the main technologies and protocols which can be exploited for the data exchange throughout the infrastructure and the pros and cons of each solution. Finally, we propose an innovative solution as a possible evolution of the SM system. This solution is based on a set of Internet of Things (IoT) communication technologies called Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) which could be employed to improve the performance of the currently used technologies and provide additional functionalities. We also propose the employment of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to periodically collect energy consumption data, with evident advantages especially if employed in rural and remote areas. We show some preliminary performance results which allow assessing the feasibility of the proposed approach.

Internet of Things (IoT) and Agricultural Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in smart farming: A comprehensive review

2020 ◽  
pp. 100187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achilles D. Boursianis ◽  
Maria S. Papadopoulou ◽  
Panagiotis Diamantoulakis ◽  
Aglaia Liopa-Tsakalidi ◽  
Pantelis Barouchas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Smart Farming

scholarly journals On the effectiveness of countering the use of unmanned aerial vehicles for the delivery of prohibited items to the territory of institutions of the penal system of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 227 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
SERGEJ M. KOLOTUSHKIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Detention Centers ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Technical Solutions

Abstract. The article discusses the issues of assessing the effectiveness of tactical and technical solutions for prevention of prohibited items delivery to the territory of institutions of the penal system of the Russian Federation using unmanned aerial vehicles. The cost of completing the task was taken as the indicator of efficiency. The task was formulated as guaranteed prevention of flights of unmanned aerial vehicles over the territories of pre-trial detention centers, prisons, colonies and other facilities. In the course of theoretical and experimental studies, conceptual approaches to solving the highlighted problem were substantiated, rational characteristics and operating modes of complexes for countering flights of unmanned aerial vehicles over the territories of institutions of the penal system of the Russian Federation were defined. Key words: penal system, unmanned aerial vehicles, prohibited items, effectiveness of countermeasures.

scholarly journals Improvement of energy efficiency of agricultural enterprises through the survey of high-voltage transmission lines using unmanned aerial vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012156
Author(s):  
A Y Astapov ◽  
I P Krivolapov ◽  
D V Akishin ◽  
A S Gordeev ◽  
A A Naydenov
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
Reliability Factor ◽  
Overhead Lines ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
The Cost

Abstract The paper studies the reliability of transmission lines of Michurinsk district electric lines in Tambov Region. It evaluates the quality of overhead power transmission lines in the support-insulator-wire system and determines the reliability factor of overhead lines. The paper proposes methodological approaches to the survey of power transmission lines using unmanned aerial vehicles. Their use seems quite promising and profitable, since the cost of such work is an order of magnitude lower.

scholarly journals Main characteristics and perspectives of development of laser gyroscopes

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Sofiia Alpert
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Flight Control ◽  
Sagnac Effect ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Laser Gyroscope ◽  
Navigation Information ◽  
Laser Gyroscopes

Nowadays unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) are applied for solution numerous remote sensing tasks. They give a new opportunites for conducting environmental monitoring and give images with a very high resolution. Unmanned aerial vehicles are applied for solution numerous agricultural problems. They give a detail picture of fields. Unmanned aerial vehicles are used to help increase crop production. With technology constantly improving, imaging of the crops will need to improve as well.Digital images obtained by unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) can be used in forestry, they are used for environmental monitoring, plant health assessment and analysis of natural disasters. Unmanned aerial vehicles are also used for mining, they are applied for mapping deposit sites, exploring for oil and gas, surveying mines.Laser gyroscope is an essential component of a drones flight control system. Laser gyroscopes provides orientation control of drone and essential navigation information to the central flight control systems. Laser gyroscopes provide navigation information to the flight controller, which make drones easier and safer to fly. Laser gyroscope is one of the most important components, allowing the drone to fly smooth even in strong winds. The smooth flight capabilities allows us to get images with high precision.Nowadays the main function of gyroscope technologies is to improve the unmanned aerial vehicles flight capabilities. It was described a structure and main characteristics of laser gyroscopes. It was noted, that laser gyroscope is operated on the principle of the Sagnac effect. Sagnac effect is a phenomenon encountered in interferometry that is elicited by rotation. It were described main advantages and disadvantages of laser gyroscopes. A comparative analysis of mechanical and laser gyroscopes was carried out too.It also was noted, that laser gyroscopes are applied in different areas, such as: inertial navigation systems, aircraft, ships, unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) and satellites. Nowadays laser technology is developed further. There are all prerequisites for improving the precision and other technical characteristics of laser gyroscopes.

scholarly journals Efficient Deployment of Small Cell Base Stations Mounted on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for the Internet of Things Infrastructure

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 7460-7471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Sobouti ◽  
Zahra Rahimi ◽  
Amir Hossein Mohajerzadeh ◽  
Seyed Amin Hosseini Seno ◽  
Reza Ghanbari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Cell Base

scholarly journals Dynamic Speed Control of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Data Collection under Internet of Things

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 3951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Pan ◽  
Xiangming Wen ◽  
Zhaoming Lu ◽  
Linpei Li ◽  
Wenpeng Jing
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Typical Application ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Sensor Device ◽  
Sensor Devices

With the new advancements in flight control and integrated circuit (IC) technology, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been widely used in various applications. One of the typical application scenarios is data collection for large-scale and remote sensor devices in the Internet of things (IoT). However, due to the characteristics of massive connections, access collisions in the MAC layer lead to high power consumption for both sensor devices and UAVs, and low efficiency for the data collection. In this paper, a dynamic speed control algorithm for UAVs (DSC-UAV) is proposed to maximize the data collection efficiency, while alleviating the access congestion for the UAV-based base stations. With a cellular network considered for support of the communication between sensor devices and drones, the connection establishment process was analyzed and modeled in detail. In addition, the data collection efficiency is also defined and derived. Based on the analytical models, optimal speed under different sensor device densities is obtained and verified. UAVs can dynamically adjust the speed according to the sensor device density under their coverages to keep high data collection efficiency. Finally, simulation results are also conducted to verify the accuracy of the proposed analytical models and show that the DSC-UAV outperforms others with the highest data collection efficiency, while maintaining a high successful access probability, low average access delay, low block probability, and low collision probability.

scholarly journals Medium Access Control Protocols for the Internet of Things Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: A Comparative Survey

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 5586
Author(s):  
Shreya Khisa ◽  
Sangman Moh
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Access Control ◽  
Medium Access Control ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Mac Protocols ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT), which consists of a large number of small low-cost devices, has become a leading solution for smart cities, smart agriculture, smart buildings, smart grids, e-healthcare, etc. Integrating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with IoT can result in an airborne UAV-based IoT (UIoT) system and facilitate various value-added services from sky to ground. In addition to wireless sensors, various kinds of IoT devices are connected in UIoT, making the network more heterogeneous. In a UIoT system, for achieving high throughput in an energy-efficient manner, it is crucial to design an efficient medium access control (MAC) protocol because the MAC layer is responsible for coordinating access among the IoT devices in the shared wireless medium. Thus, various MAC protocols with different objectives have been reported for UIoT. However, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, no survey had been performed so far that dedicatedly covers MAC protocols for UIoT. Hence, in this study, state-of-the-art MAC protocols for UIoT are investigated. First, the communication architecture and important design considerations of MAC protocols for UIoT are examined. Subsequently, different MAC protocols for UIoT are classified, reviewed, and discussed with regard to the main ideas, innovative features, advantages, limitations, application domains, and potential future improvements. The reviewed MAC protocols are qualitatively compared with regard to various operational characteristics and system parameters. Additionally, important open research issues and challenges with recommended solutions are summarized and discussed.

Guidance Algorithm for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles on a Basis System of Technical Viewing

2019 ◽  
pp. 202-220
Author(s):  
Oleksii Pikenin ◽  
Oleksander Marynoshenko
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Image Recognition ◽  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Basis System ◽  
Coordinated Flight

The chapter considers a description of developed control system for a group of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) that has a software capable to continue the flight in case of failures by using alternative control algorithms. Control system is developed on vision system by using methods of image recognition. Grouped coordinated flight of UAVs can significantly improve the performance of surveillance processes, such as reconnaissance, image recognition, aerial photography, industrial and environmental monitoring, etc. But to control a group of UAVs is a quite difficult task. In this chapter, the authors propose a model that corresponds to the principle of construction by the leading UAVs. In the case of using this model, the parameters of the system motion are determined by the direction of motion, the speed, and the acceleration of the UAVs' driving. The control system based on the methods of image recognition expands the possibilities of coordinating the group of UAVs.

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