Green Convergence in Emerging Nations

2020 ◽  
pp. 1554-1580
Author(s):  
Gagari Chakrabarti ◽  
Chitrakalpa Sen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Economic Discourse ◽  
Growth Convergence ◽  
Emerging Nations ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Developed Nations

Convergence in growth for emerging nations has always been an important topic of economic discourse. This study looks into the growth convergence of selected basket of emerging nations towards selected basket of developed nations using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) framework. The findings of the study show that not only the economic indicators of the respective emerging nations are responsible towards narrowing the per capita GDP differential between developed and emerging nations, but also the differentials of economic indicators between developed and emerging nations are important. This helps towards answering the paradoxical question why in spite of taking the best measures the developing countries are unable to match up with their developed counterparts' per capita GDP. Finally, the study shows significant positive relationship between GDP growth rate and carbon dioxide emission.

Green Convergence in Emerging Nations

2016 ◽  
pp. 448-473
Author(s):  
Gagari Chakrabarti ◽  
Chitrakalpa Sen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Economic Discourse ◽  
Growth Convergence ◽  
Emerging Nations ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Developed Nations

Convergence in growth for emerging nations has always been an important topic of economic discourse. This study looks into the growth convergence of selected basket of emerging nations towards selected basket of developed nations using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) framework. The findings of the study show that not only the economic indicators of the respective emerging nations are responsible towards narrowing the per capita GDP differential between developed and emerging nations, but also the differentials of economic indicators between developed and emerging nations are important. This helps towards answering the paradoxical question why in spite of taking the best measures the developing countries are unable to match up with their developed counterparts' per capita GDP. Finally, the study shows significant positive relationship between GDP growth rate and carbon dioxide emission.

scholarly journals Do Military Expenditure and Conflict Affect Economic Growth in Sri Lanka? Evidence from the ARDL Bounds Test Approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Abdul Rasheed Sithy Jesmy ◽  
Mohd Zaini Abd Karim ◽  
Shri Dewi Applanaidu
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Military Expenditure ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Bounds Test

Conflicts in the form of civil war, ethnic tensions and political discord are of enduring concern and a major bottleneck to economic development in Sri Lanka. Three decades of civil war and unethical political culture have caused severe economic problems for the country, including slower rate of growth and a huge defence expenditure. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of military expenditure and conflict on per capita GDP growth rate in Sri Lanka from 1973 to 2014 using the Solow growth model and ARDL bounds test approach. The results of the bounds test are highly significant and lead to cointegration. The negative and significant coefficients of the error correction term illustrate the expected convergence process in the long-run dynamic of per capita GDP. The estimated empirical results show that, the coefficients of military expenditure and conflict are negative and statistically significant in the short-run as well as in the long-run in determining per capita GDP growth rate in Sri Lanka. Hence, it is critically important to take necessary action to decrease military expenditure and provide an efficient political solution to the problem of minorities, specifically in the post-war period.

The Impact of Infrastructure on Growth in Developing Countries

2017 ◽  
pp. 40-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derya Yılmaz ◽  
Işın Çetin
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Instrumental Variables ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Generating Capacity ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

Infrastructure and growth nexus has been debated in the literature since 1980s. This debate has a vital importance for the sake of developing countries. These countries need to grow faster in order to catch-up their advanced counterparts. Thus, it is important to detect the effect of infrastructure on growth. Bearing in mind this fact, we develop a standard growth regression in this present chapter using per capita GDP growth rate as a dependent variable. Infrastructure is added to the model as an index constructed from the indicators of infrastructure: total electric generating capacity, total telephone lines and the length of road network. We also employ set of instrumental variables comprising 29 developing countries between 1990 and 2014. In order to estimate our dynamic panel data we prefer GMM estimators. According to our empirical analysis, we can claim that infrastructure has a positive and significant impact on growth. But this impact is smaller than the earlier studies predict.

scholarly journals Human Capital Development and Macroeconomic Performance in Nigeria: An Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Approach

ETIKONOMI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
Olukayode Emmanuel Maku ◽  
Emmanuel Ogbonna Ajike ◽  
Solomon Chimereze Chinedu
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Macroeconomic Performance ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Impact

Developed nations continue to invest heavily in the development and training of their human resources. Huge budgetary allocations show it to education and health, yet Nigeria’s human capital development policy has only been effective on paper. This study examined the impact of human capital development on the macroeconomic performance of Nigeria. Using the autoregressive distributed lagged (ARDL) model, this study shows an insignificant negative relationship between human capital development and per capita GDP in the short run. The results also showed that only the tertiary enrolment rate significantly and positively improved per capita GDP within the period under review. The study concluded that the government’s efforts aimed at boosting human capital have been insufficient.JEL Classification: O47, J11, J24

A comparative analysis of environmental quality and Kuznets curve between two newly industrialized economies

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanon Kumar Sen ◽  
Md. Thasinul Abedin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Content Type ◽  
China And India ◽  
Per Capita

PurposeDue to large amounts of coal burning, huge carbon dioxide emission and poor environmental quality, it is important to identify whether environmental Kuznets curve exists in China and India since in downward period of environmental Kuznets curve, economic growth in these countries will largely contribute to world environmental quality. Further, it helps to make a comparative analysis between China and India on how economic growth will contribute to the environmental quality in both upward and downward period of environmental Kuznets curve due to energy consumption.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses the data of carbon dioxide emission, per capita GDP and energy consumption from 1972 to 2017 to identify individual and panel-level environmental Kuznets curve of China and India. Before going to regression and causality analysis, unit root and cointegration tests are performed.FindingsThis study finds the existence of environmental Kuznets curve in China and India at both individual and panel level. Further, due to high energy consumption, environmental quality in China will deteriorate at a lower rate in the long run than that of India. Next, the increase in economic growth or per capita GDP in the long run will deteriorate environmental quality at a lower rate in China than that of India. Besides, with the zero level of energy consumption and per capita GDP, the environmental quality of China will be worse than that of India. However, increase in per capita GDP after threshold level will improve environmental quality in India at a higher rate than that of China.Research limitations/implicationsIt helps to formalize the comparative relationship between the two large Asian economies by knowing the influence of economic growth on environmental degradation due to energy consumption. However, this study cannot conclude exactly when China and India can avail the downturn in environmental Kuznets curve.Originality/valueIt firstly establishes a link among energy consumption, economic growth and environmental quality between China and India including comparative pace in both upward and downward period of environmental Kuznets curve.

scholarly journals Does Monetary Union Membership Affect Convergence in the European Union?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-157
Author(s):  
Dzenita Siljak ◽  
Sándor Gyula Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
European Union ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Crisis Period ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Per Capita

Abstract The objective of the article is to investigate the effects of the stage of integration on convergence in the European Union. The relationships between the selected macro-economic variables and per capita GDP growth rate are econometrically tested for the period 2004–2018 and three sub-periods: the pre-crisis period 2004–2008, the crisis period 2009–2013, and the post-crisis period 2014–2018. Convergence is estimated using ordinary least squares (OLS) semi-log regression based on cross-sectional data. The findings show that convergence rates range between 1.9 percent and 4.8 percent. The positive effects of deeper integration are identified, as well as the negative effects of the 2008/2009 crisis. The empirical results suggest that the selected variables have an impact on the per capita GDP growth rate in at least one analyzed period.

CO2emissions and militarization in G7 countries: panel cointegration and trivariate causality approaches

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 771-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melike Bildirici
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Panel Cointegration ◽  
Energy Policies ◽  
G7 Countries ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Per Capita

AbstractThis paper aims to test the relation among militarization, CO2emissions, economic growth and energy consumption in G7 countries from 1985 to 2015 via panel methods. Long- and short-run coefficients and the causal relationship between the variables are important for G7 countries' energy policies and strategy. Cointegration among CO2emissions, militarization, energy consumption and economic growth was determined by using panel Johansen and panel autoregressive distributed lag (PARDL) methods. Further, the panel trivariate causality test was applied and unidirectional causalities from militarization to CO2emissions and from energy consumption to CO2emissions were found. The evidence of bidirectional causality between per capita GDP and militarization, between per capita GDP and energy consumption, and between energy consumption and militarization was determined. The paper recommends that environmental and energy policies must recognize the differences in the relation between militarization, energy consumption and economic growth in order to maintain sustainable economic growth in the G7 countries.

scholarly journals COVID-19: Relationship between mobility and macroeconomic indicator

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sai Chand ◽  
Vaibhav Dange ◽  
Vinayak Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Mobility Data ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicator

Abstract Lockdowns have been widely used as a policy instrument to manage the COVID pandemic and ensure that the safety of communities and the healthcare system does not get overwhelmed by the number of cases. Though lockdowns are meant to assist with effectively managing the spread of the pandemic, they come at an enormous economic cost to individuals and households. Economically poorer households may be unable to adhere to such lockdowns as they might struggle to maintain their livelihood and venture out to find a livelihood. Using the Google Mobility Data of several countries and sub-regions, we find that increase in economic indicators such as per-capita GDP (in case of countries) and household income (in case of sub-regions within a country) is the single biggest indicator of the likely reduction in mobility to work and increase in time spent in-residence. The trend is remarkably stable, which can help determine elasticity values. It is anticipated that these macro-economic elasticities can be used to potentially design economic relief to make it possible for individuals to adhere to lockdown.

Relationship Between the Use of Renewable Energy, Carbon Dioxide Emission, and Economic Growth

2021 ◽  
pp. 339-355
Author(s):  
Ferhat Özbay ◽  
Ceren Pehlivan
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Impulse Response Function ◽  
Variance Decomposition ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Relationship

The study aims to examine the relationship between the use of renewable energy, CO2, and GDP per capita. In this study that has been carried out on Turkey for the period 1990-2018, time series analysis is used. The long-term relationship between variables is revealed by the cointegration test. The periodic changes of the variables are examined by the variance decomposition and impulse-response function. Finally, with the causality test, the relationship between variables and the direction of this relationship are revealed. Findings show that there is a cointegrated relationship between the variables.. According to variance decomposition in the period of 10 lags, the renewable energy variance is 96% due to itself, 2.74% to CO2, and 0.50% to shocks in per capita GDP. As for impact-response functions, while the response of renewable energy to the GDP per capita variable is negative in the first two periods, it increase slightly in the following period, and after the sixth period, the effect of the shock diminished.

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