The Role of Networks in Local Governance

2021 ◽  
pp. 327-340
Author(s):  
Eugenio Salvati
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Organizational Innovation ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Private Actors

In contemporary times complexity is a characteristic of local governance, in particular as a result of the severe problems which are limiting the capacity of public sector to answer social needs, produce and deliver services, etc. The organizational answer that local governance is producing in order to assure a new effectiveness to its actions is the creation of the so-called governance networks. Such a concept defines an organizational innovation that implies for public and private actors both challenges and opportunities. Which are the conditions that characterize these networks? And why they can result efficient despite such internal differences? The aim of the chapter is to identify the main features that characterizes these networks, which are their goals in the broader framework of the occurring changes to local governance trying to sketch which is their role and the opportunities connected to this organizational innovation for public administration and the implications for the connection between p.a. and social actors.

scholarly journals Employee well-being in the COVID-19 pandemic: The moderating role of teleworking during the first lockdown in the province of Quebec, Canada

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Annick Parent-Lamarche ◽  
Maude Boulet
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Business Sectors ◽  
Moderating Role

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound effect on all aspects of society, including mental health. Many employees have had to pivot suddenly to teleworking to prevent the virus from spreading. While teleworking may have some negative consequences, it may also represent a human resources practice that may improve employee well-being. OBJECTIVE: The study main objective was to determine if teleworking played a moderating role in the relation between potential stressors and employee well-being during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic when working from home. This was based on the theory of conservation of resources. METHODS: Multivariate regression analyses were conducted with Stata 13 software to determine the contribution of potential stressors on employee well-being, as well as the moderating role of teleworking on a sample of 480 Canadian employees. Data were collected once for white and blue collar from both public (67.08%) and private (32.92%) business sectors. RESULTS: Results indicated that work-life imbalances, workload, and marital tension were associated with lower levels of well-being. On the other hand, teleworking and household income were associated with higher levels of well-being. Teleworking also moderated the differences in well-being between the public and private sectors. Teleworking in the public sector seems to increase employee well-being. Conversely, working on-site in the public sector seems to decrease well-being. CONCLUSIONS: Employers need to proactively address work-life imbalances, workloads, and teleworking to maintain employee well-being. Specific recommendations are offered to ensure that teleworking remains positive for employee well-being both during a pandemic and afterward.

Il potere e il problema della qualitŕ. Considerazioni della prospettiva della sociologia economica

2009 ◽  
pp. 143-170
Author(s):  
Luigi Doria
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Management Quality ◽  
Quality Certification ◽  
Policy Fields ◽  
Contemporary Development ◽  
Private Actors ◽  
Sociological Studies

- Quality is one of the most relevant and, at the same time, ambiguous key-word of the contemporary socio-economic lexicon. The reference to quality discourses and technologies (such as those related to quality management, quality assurance, quality certification) ranges from market competition to organizational and managerial dynamics, from policy making to the new forms of governance. But, if quality constitutes itself as an eminent value for contemporary development, the treatment of the most diverse social domains (including, for example, administration, research, culture) in terms of quality is often assumed as the emblem of a disquieting trend towards control and rationalization. This contribution deals first with the analysis of the multiple meanings of the notion, paying particular attention to sociological studies and to the relationship between quality and the dimension of calculation. The attention focuses then on the role of the concept in the field of public policy and governance and, in particular, on quality as a sort of connecting device, which promotes processes of integration among different policy fields and networking phenomena involving public and private actors. The articles briefly hints, in the last part, at the root of the peculiar normativity of quality and at the enigmatic character of its current power.Keywords: Quality, networking, economic sociology, public policy.

The Relationship between Disability Non-Discrimination Law and Quota Schemes

2019 ◽  
pp. 94-117
Author(s):  
Lisa Waddington
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Common ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explores the relationship between disability quota schemes and non-discrimination law in Europe. While at first sight they seem to sit uneasily beside each other, the chapter reveals how, in some instances, quota schemes can serve to facilitate compliance with non-discrimination legislation. At the same time, the chapter explores seeming incompatibilities between the two approaches and considers whether there are differences between common and civil law jurisdictions in this respect. Tentative conclusions suggest that there is a greater willingness to establish quota schemes through legislation in civil law jurisdictions compared to common law jurisdictions, and that quota schemes in civil law jurisdictions are more likely to provide for the imposition of a levy in the case that employers fail to meet their quota obligations through employing the required number of people with disabilities. There also seems to be some indication that there is greater awareness of the potential for conflict or tension, in various forms, between non-discrimination law and quota schemes in common law jurisdictions than in civil law jurisdictions. Finally, the two schemes operating in the common law states are only applicable to the public sector—whilst in civil law states quotas are generally applied to both public and private sector employers. This may indicate different perceptions regarding the role of public sector employers and the legitimacy of imposing quota requirements.

Fostering Ecocultural Resources, Identity, and Tourism in Inland Territories (Galicia, NW Spain)

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Elena De Uña-Álvarez ◽  
Montserrat Villarino-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Life Experiences ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Nw Spain ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Territorial Identity ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Private Actors ◽  
Depth Interviews

Inland territories hold a great diversity of ecocultural resources, increasingly constituted in tourist products for local development. Their role in improving the socioeconomic conditions and wellness of local communities, as well as in promoting tourism and sustainability, depends on the involvement of public and private actors. The relationships and the collaboration of local actors are essential in that regard. The study of aforementioned processes takes place in the inland territory of Galicia (NW Spain). The methodology of research relied on in-depth interviews. Due to the key role of the local actors, the interviews focused on their professional and life experiences. The analysis of the answers establishes the definition and the appraisal of the main resources, attached to territorial identity, and highlights the engagement and involvement of the actors in the territorial dynamics that foster the promotion of the ecocultural resources for tourism.

Property

2018 ◽  
pp. 161-178
Author(s):  
Peter Knoepfel
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Institutional Policies ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
Swiss Canton ◽  
Private Actors ◽  
Oriented Approach

The application of the resource-oriented approach used in this book confirms the prominent role of the resource Property in the resource portfolios of each of the three policy actors. Property consists of the ownership of property and use rights to material and immaterial (natural, manufactured, social and/or human) resources and the various bundles of goods and/or services they provide to the owner. One of the prominent services of such resources involves their role as policy resource (abstract use of such resources as opposed to concrete uses). The most prominent material resource is the ownership of (strategic) land, which enables both public and private actors to play a predominant role in policy formulation and, especially, implementation processes. The chapter illustrates the mobilization and use modes of the resource Property in the areas of spatial planning, institutional policies (creation of a Swiss canton) , public accounting and state infrastructural policies (land acquisition policies for communal land use policy). It stresses the role of legal appeals by target groups or beneficiary organizations and the privileged position occupied landowners in the planning and implementation of large urban projects.

scholarly journals New Values of Non-Wood Forest Products

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiss ◽  
Emery ◽  
Corradini ◽  
Živojinović
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Private Actors ◽  
Innovation Support

The role of non-wood forest products (NWFPs) in industrialised country economies has declined in the past, but they are generating renewed interest as business opportunities. In a forest-based bio-economy frame, NWFPs can contribute to human nutrition, renewable materials, and cultural and experiential services, as well as create job and income opportunities in rural areas. Applying a service-dominant logic (SDL) approach to analysis of NWFPs, this article aimed to understand how new goods and services are co-created through networks of public and private actors in specific institutional, social, and cultural contexts. This focus sheds light on the experiences associated with NWFP harvest and use, revealing a fulsome suite of values and economic opportunities that include but are greater than the physical goods themselves. Turning the SDL lens on in-depth case studies from Europe and North America, we show dimensions of forest products that go beyond commercial values but are, at the same time, constituent of commercial activities. SDL provides a new view on customer relations, service provision to businesses, and policy measures for innovation support for non-wood forest products.

Health Technologies for the Developing World: Addressing the Unmet Needs

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Free
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Private Sector Organizations ◽  
Public And Private Sector

AbstractThis paper provides a critical overview of several strategies and mechanisms that have been employed by the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health over the past decade to address the unmet needs for health technologies in the developing world. Partnerships between public and private-sector organizations are emphasized in order to share risks, encourage efficiency, and ensure the availability of priority products for health care in resource-poor settings. Incentives for the involvement of the commercial sector, the means to protect the interest of the public sector, and the role of bridging organizations are discussed in the light of the shifting goals of the public sector.

Job Involvement and Job Satisfaction of Bank Officers: Role of Type of Organization and Gender

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Anita Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Job Involvement ◽  
Private Bank ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Female Officers

The main objective of the present study was to examine and compare the level of job involvement and job satisfaction of public and private bank officers. A 2X2 Factorial design was used to study the role of organization and gender on job involvement and job satisfaction The sample of the study comprised of forty bank officers who were divided into two groups of organization i.e. private banks (n=20) and government banks (n=20), these subjects were further divided into two sub-groups based on genders, males (n-10) and females (n=10) included in equal number. Results revealed significant differences between public and private bank officers and males and females and were in line with all the hypotheses on all the variables. The main findings were: (1) the public and private sector bank officers differed significantly on the variable of job involvement as the mean value of private sector bank officers was significantly higher as compared to public sector bank officers. (2) There was a significant difference for gender on the variable of job involvement. The female officers reported higher level of job involvement as compared to their counterparts viz. males of both the sectors irrespective of their organizations. (3) There was a significant difference for groups on the variable of job satisfaction. The job satisfaction of private sector bank officers was significantly higher as compared to public sector bank officers. (4) There was a significant difference for gender on the variable of job satisfaction. The female officers of both the sectors reported significantly higher level of job satisfaction to that of males.

Public Health and the Law

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 690-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. Hodge ◽  
Lexi C. White ◽  
Andrew Sniegowski
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Structural Principles ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Private Actors

Promoting and protecting the public's health in the United States and abroad are intricately tied to laws and policies. Laws provide support for public health measures, authorize specific actions among public and private actors, and empower public health officials. Laws can also inhibit or restrict efforts designed to improve communal health through protections for individual rights or structural principles of government. Advancing the health of populations through law is complex and subject to constant tradeoffs. This column seeks to explore the role of law in the interests of public health through scholarly and applied assessments across a spectrum of key issues. The first of these assessments focuses on a critical topic in emergency legal preparedness.

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