Entering a Brave New World

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-134
Author(s):  
Arild Aspelund ◽  
Øyvind Bjørgum ◽  
Erik Andreas Saether
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Born Global ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Global Industry ◽  
Industrial Companies ◽  
Entry Strategies ◽  
Brave New World ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Environmental Motivation

This chapter investigates key motivations, drivers, and barriers for firms that are seeking to enter new international supply chains for renewable energy. Offshore wind (OW) is a born global industry with a fully internationalized supply chain from inception. The study adopts a mixed-methods approach by first doing 11 case studies of Norwegian industrial companies entering OW and secondly by conducting an online survey targeting the whole population of Norwegian firms in OW. The study finds that new green industries' distinctive features, managerial motivation, and industry relatedness shape a firm's entry strategies and behavior. Risk and uncertainty, complexity and turbulence, high transaction costs and disadvantages of scale postpone industry entry from established actors. The study finds that environmental motivation tops the list of motivations for managers to enter, but financial motivation is the strongest of perceived market performance. Finally, the study finds that market relatedness is more critical than technological relatedness.

The Feeding Network of Aplysia

2017 ◽  
pp. 400-422
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Cropper ◽  
Jian Jing ◽  
Klaudiusz R. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Task Switching ◽  
Neural Control ◽  
Modular Organization ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Afferent Activation ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Activation Phase

This review focuses on the neural control of feeding in Aplysia. Its purpose is to highlight distinctive features of the behavior and to describe their neural basis. In a number of molluscs, food is grasped by a radula that protracts, retracts, and hyperretracts. In Aplysia, however, hyperretraction can require afferent activation. Phase-dependent regulation of sensorimotor transmission occurs in this context. Aplysia also open and close the radula, generating egestive as well as ingestive responses. Thus, the feeding network multitasks. It has a modular organization, and behaviors are constructed by combinations of behavior-specific and behavior-independent neurons. When feeding is initially triggered in Aplysia, responses are poorly defined. Motor activity is not properly configured unless responses are repeatedly induced and modulatory neurotransmitters are released from inputs to the central patter generator (CPG). Persistent effects of modulation have interesting consequences for task switching.

scholarly journals P87 Paradigms about the COVID-19 pandemic: knowledge, attitudes and practices from medical students

BJS Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eddy Lincango-Naranjo ◽  
Paola Solis-Pazmino ◽  
Eddy Lincango-Naranjo
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
National Curriculum ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Abstract Introduction As new coronavirus has spread globally, economic instability in healthcare systems has been significant. This reality is especially accentuated in Ecuador where, the shortage of healthcare workers combined with cultural and macroeconomic factors have led it to face the most aggressive outbreak in Latin America. In this context, the participation of medical students on the front line is indispensable. Appropriate training on COVID-19 is an urgent need that universities and health systems must guarantee. We aimed to describe the knowledge, attitudes and practices in Ecuadorian final year medical students in order to identify the knowledge gaps, perceptions and behavior patterns which could guide the desig3n of better medical education curricula regarding COVID-19. Methods This descriptive 33-item online survey conducted between April 6 to April 20 sent by email and by Facebook and WhatsApp. Results 309 students responded to the survey. 88% scored high (≥ 70% correct) for knowledge of the disease. The majority of students were pessimistic about possible government actions, which is reflected in the negative attitude towards the control of COVID19 in Ecuador and volunteering during the outbreak (77%, and 58% of the students, respectively). Moreover, 91% of students said they did not have adequate protective equipment or training in their health facilities. Conclusions Ecuador has a capable upcoming workforce that could benefit from an opportunity to strengthen, improve and advance their training in preparation for COVID-19. Creating a national curriculum may be one of the most effective ways for all students to be trained, while simultaneously focusing on the students’ most pressing concerns.

scholarly journals The Public Attitudes, Concerns and Behaviors towards Children Vaccination

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Nehad J. Ahmed ◽  
Abdulrahman S. Alrawili ◽  
Faisal Z. Alkhawaja
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Public Concerns

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the public concerns, attitudes and behavior towards vaccination. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study that included an online survey about the public concerns, attitudes and behavior towards vaccination in Saudi Arabia. The survey was translated to Arabic language and converted to an online form using google forms and after that it was sent to be filled by the parents. Results: About 92% of the respondents said that children should be vaccinated in order to protect them and about 86% of them believed that vaccinations are safe for children in general. Regarding the concerns about vaccination, about 69% of the respondents were concerned about the distress to children of the injection itself and 59% of them were concerned about the increasing number of vaccines recommended for children. Furthermore, about 62% of the respondents were concerned that vaccines are not tested enough for safety. Conclusion: The majority of respondents in this study reported positive attitude but more than half of them expressed some degree of concern regarding children vaccination. Healthcare professionals should play an active role in clarifying these concerns about vaccination with the public. Moreover, they should communicate with parents regarding the vaccinations and provide them with a trusted information about the vaccine.

scholarly journals Avoiding the Privacy Paradox Using Preference-Based Segmentation: A Conjoint Analysis Approach

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1382
Author(s):  
Marija Kuzmanovic ◽  
Gordana Savic
Keyword(s):  
Conjoint Analysis ◽  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Personal Privacy ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Segmentation Approach ◽  
Privacy Paradox ◽  
And Behavior

Personal privacy on online social networks (OSN) is becoming increasingly important. The collection and misuse of personal information can affect people’s behavior and can have a broader impact on civil society. The aim of this paper is to explore the privacy paradox phenomenon on OSNs that is reflected in the gap between OSN users’ privacy concerns and behavior and to introduce a new segmentation framework based on preference data from conjoint analysis. For the purpose of the study, an online survey on four dimensions of OSNs has been conducted. Conjoint analysis has been employed on collected data to reveal users’ preferences, followed by two-step cluster analysis for the preference-based segmentation. The characteristics of the resulting clusters were compared with self-reported behavior and privacy concerns, as well as the results of the Westin Privacy Segmentation approach. The results suggest that conjoint analysis can improve users’ segmentation and consequently provide better solutions for avoiding the gap between users’ concerns, attitudes, and behavior.

scholarly journals Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Constructs of COVID-19 Health Beliefs: A Comparison Between Sexual Minority and Heterosexual Individuals in Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nai-Ying Ko ◽  
Wei-Hsin Lu ◽  
Yi-Lung Chen ◽  
Dian-Jeng Li ◽  
Yu-Ping Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Minority Participants ◽  
Behavioral Constructs

This online survey study aimed to compare the cognitive, affective, and behavioral constructs of health beliefs related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between sexual minority and heterosexual individuals in Taiwan. In total, 533 sexual minority and 1421 heterosexual participants were recruited through a Facebook advertisement. The constructs pertaining to cognition (perceived relative susceptibility to COVID-19, perceived COVID-19 severity, having sufficient knowledge and information on COVID-19, and confidence in coping with COVID-19), affect (worry toward COVID-19), and behavior (adoption of health-protective behaviors) in relation to health beliefs about COVID-19 were compared between sexual minority and heterosexual participants. The results indicated that sexual minority participants had lower perceived susceptibility to COVID-19, greater self-confidence in coping with COVID-19, and lower worry about COVID-19 and were less likely to maintain good indoor ventilation and disinfect their household than heterosexual individuals. Sexual orientation is the modifying factor for the Health Belief Model in the COVID-19 pandemic and should be taken into consideration when medical professionals establish prevention programs for COVID-19.

scholarly journals “Study Natural” without Drugs: An Exploratory Study of Theory-Guided and Tailored Health Campaign Interventions to Prevent Nonmedical Use of Prescription Stimulants in College Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4421
Author(s):  
Zhaohui Su ◽  
Michael Mackert ◽  
Xiaoshan Li ◽  
Jiyoon (Karen) Han ◽  
Brittani Crook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Health Campaign ◽  
Prescription Stimulants ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Nonmedical Use ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Nonmedical use of prescription stimulants (NMUPS) among college students continues to rise. While some anti-NMUPS campaigns are available, little is known about the campaign development process and how well college students evaluate these messages. To bridge this gap, we developed theory-guided anti-NMUPS campaign interventions that are tailored to college students’ characteristics and evaluated students’ response towards them. A total of 445 college students (74.4% female; Meanage of 20; 18 to 35 years old) reviewed the campaign interventions and offered their evaluation via an online survey. Findings indicate that students responded to the campaigns positively. Results also indicate that female students are more likely to perceive the campaigns as effective than their male counterparts. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that theory-guided and tailored anti-NMUPS campaigns have great potential in changing students’ attitudes and behavior towards NMUPS. While this study fills critical gaps in the literature, considering the progress needed to strengthen the research field, more research is needed to further identify effective strategies that could prevent college students’ participation in NMUPS activities.

scholarly journals Effects of corporate social responsibility activities for refugees

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Einwiller ◽  
Christopher Ruppel ◽  
Cornelia Strasser
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Actual Case ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Csr Image ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Positive Word Of Mouth

Purpose When in the Summer of 2015 unprecedented numbers of refugees traveled through Austria, not only public and governmental authorities were challenged to provide support, but also the business sector. Various companies responded to the challenge by organizing relief actions, among them Austrian Federal Railways (OEBB). The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of this initiative on stakeholder perceptions and behavior. Design/methodology/approach The case of OEBB served as the research context. Data were collected by means of an online survey in May of 2016, about eight months after the initiative. Findings Almost half of the participants mentioned OEBB’s activities for refugees in an unaided recall task. Unaided corporate social responsibility (CSR) awareness is related to people’s issue involvement and reminiscence of specific activities and communication measures. People unaidedly recalling the initiative expressed a significantly better CSR image and identification with the company; they also expressed a stronger intention to speak positively (positive word of mouth) about the company’s CSR activities. CSR image and attitude toward the initiative mediates this effect. Research limitations/implications The study stresses the importance of CSR awareness and communication. The non-representative sample does not allow general inferences. Originality/value This research uses an actual case to test the effectiveness of CSR activities and communication in the context of a highly critical situation, and sheds light on the mediating processes that drive the effects. The study extends existing knowledge from experimental studies.

scholarly journals Why joint conservation and development projects often fail: An in-depth examination in the Peruvian Amazon

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Chambers ◽  
Margarita Del Aguila Mejía ◽  
Raydith Ramírez Reátegui ◽  
Chris Sandbrook
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Peruvian Amazon ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Conservation Governance ◽  
Extrinsic Motivators ◽  
Conservation Projects ◽  
Deliberative Processes ◽  
External Actors ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Environmental Motivation

Conservation projects commonly claim to convert local people into long-term environmental stewards and improve their well-being. Yet, evidence frequently contradicts these win-win claims. The “multiple environmentalities” framework outlines distinct approaches that projects often use to foster environmental motivation and behavior: (1) neoliberal: constructing material incentives, (2) sovereign: imposing protective laws, and (3) disciplinary: fostering norms and values. We use a mixed method approach to examine how combinations of these environmentalities shape the land use motivations and behavior of 270 families living in 15 project settings in the Peruvian Amazon. We identify four direct reasons why these projects often fail to achieve their intended outcomes, regardless of the environmentalities employed: (1) self-selection of like-minded individuals, (2) limited ability of extrinsic motivators (i.e. material incentives and protective laws) to reduce reported deforestation behaviors, (3) limited internalization of motivations for conservation, and (4) ignored broader economic drivers of deforestation. We argue that these challenges stem from the typical external design of conservation projects based on fixed and limited interpretations of human motivation. Our findings point to the importance of deliberative processes that can support local and external actors to navigate and reframe competing motivations to co-design approaches to conservation governance at local and broader scales.

The Networking Integrated Character Education (NICE) Project: An Experimental Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 590-593
Author(s):  
Hsin Hung Kuo ◽  
Szu Wei Yang ◽  
Yu Chin Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Character Education ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Character Development ◽  
Online Learning Environment ◽  
Young Learners ◽  
Helping Others ◽  
Project Data ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Nice System

There are few studies connecting character education with Blog-assisted online learning environment in elementary school scenarios. Therefore, the Networking Integrated Character Education (NICE) project has been planned, designed, developed and implemented in the study. The NICE system focuses on the interaction and communication to enhance the awareness and behavior of character for children. There were sixty-nine fifth graders of a public elementary school in Taiwan involved in this study. The online questionnaires were given to find out the feasibility of the project. Data were analyzed by ANCOVA. The experimental results showed that there were significant in all of the two core values Thanksgiving and Helping Others. Based on the online survey, this Blog-based NICE project could help teachers or instructors facilitate students’ learning and would be a very useful and valuable instructional platform for young learners to implement and make progress on character development.

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