The Conceptual Framework for The Examination of a Successful Digital Entrepreneurship in 21st Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 263-278
Author(s):  
Bilal Ahmad Ali Al-khateeb
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Western World ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Digital Entrepreneurship

There is still lack of a clear conceptual framework to examine a successful digital entrepreneurship within the developing and emerging contexts despite calls by previous scholars. Also, recent studies shown that majority of the digital enterprises studies available today are mostly from the Western world. Thus, there are only few studies on digital enterprises studies emanating from the developing and emerging countries in the Middle-East and Africa continents. Based on the evidence from the literature, this paper provides an overview of digital entrepreneurship, identifies key variables that determine a successful digital entrepreneurship and then provides a conceptual model to guide the understanding of a successful digital entrepreneurship development within the context of developing and emerging economies. The paper offered some implications for digital entrepreneurs, policy makers and some other people in the business of digital entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia.

The Conceptual Framework for The Examination of a Successful Digital Entrepreneurship in 21st Century

2019 ◽  
pp. 126-141
Author(s):  
Bilal Ahmad Ali Al-khateeb
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Western World ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Digital Entrepreneurship

There is still lack of a clear conceptual framework to examine a successful digital entrepreneurship within the developing and emerging contexts despite calls by previous scholars. Also, recent studies shown that majority of the digital enterprises studies available today are mostly from the Western world. Thus, there are only few studies on digital enterprises studies emanating from the developing and emerging countries in the Middle-East and Africa continents. Based on the evidence from the literature, this paper provides an overview of digital entrepreneurship, identifies key variables that determine a successful digital entrepreneurship and then provides a conceptual model to guide the understanding of a successful digital entrepreneurship development within the context of developing and emerging economies. The paper offered some implications for digital entrepreneurs, policy makers and some other people in the business of digital entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia.

Middle East generics: Challenges & opportunities

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazen Tantash
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The World ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Growing Population

The pharmaceutical market in the Middle East is valued at more than $9.4b and is expected to grow over at a rate of 10% annually. Although there continues to be unrest in the region and around the world, both economically and politically, the Middle East has seen a shift and the pharmaceutical market is becoming more attractive. These countries are traditionally high importers of originator brands and branded generic drugs. Although originator drugs have previously held most of the market, new policies that favor generics are being implemented in the region. The pharmaceutical market ranges quite a bit within the various countries in the Middle East, Bahrain remains the smallest market with Saudi Arabia being the largest due to a growing population and new westernized lifestyle. Policy makers in the region should continue to encourage new players by continuing to propose new policies that allow for continued growth

scholarly journals A STRATEGIC PUZZLE OF SAUDI-IRAN STRIFE AND FOREIGN POLICY CHOICES OF PAKISTAN (2013-18)

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (02) ◽  
pp. 195-207
Author(s):  
Yeldaiz Fatima Shah ◽  
Muhammad Adnan Aslam ◽  
Ghulam Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Regional Politics ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
Middle East Politics

In diverse circumstances of region, Iran and Saudi Arabia have significant part in foreign policy of Pakistan. It is difficult for policy makers of Pakistan to retain acceptable relations and policies towards both countries at the same time because of severe contentions between the Iran and Saudi Arabia including the high interests of the main players in the Middle East Politics. The main objectives of research are to elucidate the different standpoints between Iran and Saudi Arabia and their impacts on policies of Pakistan. Different diplomatic, political and economic triangle developments among Iran, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan is discussed during last government tenure of PML (N). For this set out, the qualitative method with historical research design has been used, through argumentation procedure while complex interdependent theory applied to examine the nature of triangle relations and policies including their impacts on regional politics and economy. The study provides significant insights for its implication in the particular context with diverse outcomes.

scholarly journals The Power Projection of Turkey in Middle East: (From 2000-2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol IV (I) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Abida Yousaf ◽  
Fozia Bibi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Middle East ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Political System ◽  
Regional Power ◽  
Power Projection ◽  
Hard Power ◽  
Democratic Norms

Turkey is an important power of Middle East and has a glorious past. On the basis of its victorious history, Turkey is aspiring to become a regional power of the region. In this regard, the domestic environment of Turkey (such as stable political system, democratic norms, economic development and political leadership) is playing significant role on one hand. On the other hand, the regional and global environment is also providing some opportunities and challenges to pursue its ambitions actively. Turkey's foreign policy in 21st century can be divided in two main phase; first decade of 21st century in which Turkey mostly relies on the use of soft power. However, in second decade, Turkey has used soft and hard power to gain its goals. Turkey's foreign policy towards Saudi Arabia, Iran and Syria are the key focus of this study. Previously, Turkey avoids supporting Iran and Saudi Arabia against each other. However, now Turkish leadership is actively trying to regain the historical influence of Turkey especially in Muslim world. Turkey's relations with Iran and Saudi Arabia are revolving around cooperation Vs competition paradigm. On one hand, Turkey's support for Qatar (2017) and the killing of Jamal Khashogi (October, 2018) has deteriorated the Saudi-Turkey's relations.

scholarly journals Testing the productivity bias hypothesis in Middle East countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 922-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferda Halicioglu ◽  
Natalya Ketenci
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Autoregressive Distributed Lag ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to empirically test the validity of the productivity bias hypothesis (PBH) in 18 Middle East countries. Design/methodology/approach The paper employs autoregressive-distributed lag approach to cointegration approach and stability tests. Findings The empirical results suggest the existence of the PBH only in the case of Bahrain, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. Practical implications Conclusions drawn from this research could be useful for the policy-makers of governments and practitioners in international trade organizations. Originality/value This study extends the existing literature by providing initial empirical time series evidence of the PBH for the entire Middle East countries.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF INADEQUATE WATER SUPPLY TO THE COMMUNITY, WITH REFERENCE TO GIDAN KWANO IN NIGER STATE: A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 108-119
Author(s):  
Yusuf Yahaya ◽  
Mustapha Usman ◽  
Muhammad Yusuf ◽  
Isyaku Rabiu ◽  
Ammani Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Western World ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Relationship

The Study is about the Relationship between the Western world and the Muslim world couple with understanding the role of Saudi Arabia in its leadership to the Islamic world. It analyzes the perceptions of Muslims especially in the Middle East and Sub-Saharan Africa. It takes on a background of Islam and Saudi Arabia from earliest period to date. The study has been limited by understanding the perception of Muslim in relation to Saudi Arabian Leadership role. Time, Money and other resources constraints frequent demands.

scholarly journals Islamic Psychology: Towards a 21st Century Definition and Conceptual Framework

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 97-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie York Al-Karam
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Islamic Psychology

Abstract In this article the author attempts to give a brief summary and critique of the various ways Islamic Psychology is conceptualized and defined. She then proposes and discusses a conceptual model, the Multilevel Interdisciplinary Paradigm (MIP), as a potential theoretical unifier for the emerging field, which also serves as a methodology for defining it. Recommendations for ways forward in the domain of Islamic Psychology are also provided.

East by Mid East: Studies in Cultural, Historical and Strategic Connectivities

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Anchi Hoh ◽  
Brannon Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Transnational Studies ◽  
Business Law ◽  
Islamic Fundamentalism ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Government

This volume provides a multi-disciplinary and trans-regional approach to the historical roots and continued development of ties between the Middle East and Asia, from Muslim-Confucian relations to nuclear technology exchange between China and Saudi Arabia. The papers are contributed by specialists who live, research, and have spent considerable time in the Middle East and Asia including institutions in Japan, Israel, China and Hong Kong, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Kuwait, Philippines, Australia, Malaysia, North Africa, Indonesia, Lebanon and Syria, India and Kashmir, Egypt, and Korea. The contributors include academics, policy makers and consultants, leaders in international business, law professionals, and military. The goal of this edited volume is to reach out to the research, diplomatic, and commercial communities. The subjects are addressed to attract individuals and groups from academia, think-tanks, NGOs, members of Congress, the US government, the private sector, and those involved in the policy-making, strategic planning, and public diplomacy in the fields of transnational studies, across-cultural comparison, international relations, energy security, global Islamism, Islamic fundamentalism, and terrorism. The chapters in this volume are broadly divided into three main areas: (I) Cultural and Historical Connections (II) Transnational Allegiances and Local Culture in Asia, and (III) Strategic Relations between Asia and the Middle East.

Introduction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Political Islam ◽  
Western World ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

This book examines political Islam in relation to Western ideologies of the past. It argues that political Islam, or Islamism, cannot be understood without reference to the broad ideology to which it is a reaction: secularism. Focusing on ideological contests in Europe and the Americas that stretched across countries and decades, the book outlines six broad lessons for policy makers and citizens trying to deal with the prolonged ideological travails in the Middle East. It also advances the claim that understanding the Islamist–secularist struggle requires that we understand the origins, dynamics, and ultimate end of similar ideological struggles in the history of the Western world. Finally, it describes the content of each ideology—Lutheranism, monarchism, liberalism, Islamism, and so on—and emphasizes the fact that each ideology was caught in a struggle with one or more alternatives.

scholarly journals Imitation & Innovation in Emerging Countries: A conceptual framework for analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Huu Phuc
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Technical Description ◽  
The Relationship

The ultimate aims of our research are to i) offer a technical description of imitation behavior, ii)modelize imitation with other related factors to present an overall model where all importantfactors can be measurable, and iii) utilize the model to measure the impacts of imitation.Therefore, understanding the concept of imitation and other related concepts in order toproperly characterize these concepts, and then building a conceptual model are the first stepstoward achieving this aim. This paper will focus on i) the review of the literature on imitationand its limitation, ii) the understanding of the relationship between imitation and other relatedconcepts, and iii) the resultant suggestions on a conceptual framework for analysis.

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