Does Lower Income Affect the Development of One's Innovative Ability in the Education Niche

2022 ◽  
pp. 147-172
Author(s):  
Bibi Zaheenah Chummun
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Sustainable Livelihoods ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Income Insurance ◽  
Collective Innovation ◽  
Low Income Consumers

The need of using creative and innovative education strategies in the low-income consumer setting has never been felt until this wake of the pandemic to assist for sustainable well-being. In this chapter, the role of improved education as a collective innovation measure in promoting awareness of the inclusive cover to the low-income consumers in the emerging countries will be perused in the wake of the 2019-nCoV virus in their struggle to cope with the unexpected management of risks in a more calculated way. The study provides the education challenges in the low-income insurance area posed to both consumers and providers and explains how their involvement is important through innovative programmes in the low-income cover niche such as digitalization amongst others. Since education indeed plays a huge role in enhancing participation in this field of low-income cover to entail sustainability, it will be wise that the policymakers, government officials, and others work closely with their consumers so that this problem can assist for sustainable livelihoods.

The Role of Behavioral Frictions in Health Insurance Marketplace Enrollment and Risk: Evidence from a Field Experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 1549-1574
Author(s):  
Richard Domurat ◽  
Isaac Menashe ◽  
Wesley Yin
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Positive Selection ◽  
Adverse Selection ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Market Risk ◽  
Selection Model ◽  
Heterogeneous Effects ◽  
Low Income Consumers

We experimentally varied information mailed to 87,000 households in California’s health insurance marketplace to study the role of frictions in insurance take-up. Reminders about the enrollment deadline raised enrollment by 1.3 pp (16 percent) in this typically low take-up population. Heterogeneous effects of personalized subsidy information indicate misperceptions about program benefits. Consistent with an adverse selection model with frictional enrollment costs, the intervention lowered average spending risk by 5.1 percent, implying that marginal respondents were 37 percent less costly than inframarginal consumers. We observe the largest positive selection among low income consumers, who exhibit the largest frictions in enrollment. Finally, we estimate the implied value of the letter intervention to be $25 to $53 per month in subsidy dollars. These results suggest that frictions may partially explain low take-up for marketplace insurance, and that interventions reducing them can improve enrollment and market risk in exchanges. (JEL C93, G22, G52, H75, I13)

scholarly journals Stress of Language Brokering and Mexican American Adolescents’ Adjustment: The Role of Cumulative Risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-425
Author(s):  
Yishan Shen ◽  
Eunjin Seo ◽  
Dorothy Clare Walt ◽  
Su Yeong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Language Brokering ◽  
Adjustment Problems

This study focused on early adolescents’ stress of language brokering and examined the moderating role of family cumulative risk in the relation of language brokering to adjustment problems. Data came from self-reports of 604 low-income Mexican American adolescent language brokers (54% female; [Formula: see text]= 12.4; SD = 0.97; 75% born in the United States) and their parents (99% foreign-born) in central Texas. Path analyses revealed that brokering stress, but not frequency, was positively associated with adolescents’ adjustment problems, including depressive symptoms, anxiety, and delinquency. We also found that the relation between stress of brokering for mothers and adolescents’ depressive symptoms was stronger among families with a high cumulative risk. Further, with a high cumulative risk, adolescents exhibited delinquent behaviors regardless of the levels of stress from translating for fathers. Current findings underscore the importance of examining family contexts in assessing the consequences of language brokering for Mexican American early adolescents’ well-being.

Confined Shopping Behavior among Low Income Consumers: An Empirical Test

1978 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arieh Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Shopping Behavior ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Herfindahl Index ◽  
Low Income Consumers

The study investigates whether lower income consumers show a greater tendency to confine their furniture and ladies’ shoes purchases to a subset of the retailing system. The Herfindahl index of concentration is the main tool used to measure confinement. The study finds that the lower income consumers do not confine their purchases to a small subset nor are their purchases restricted to the smaller and lower quality stores.

Resilience in Urban African American Adolescents: The Protective Enhancing Effects of Neighborhood, Family, and School Cohesion Following Violence Exposure

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1286-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara M. DiClemente ◽  
Catherine M. Rice ◽  
Dakari Quimby ◽  
Maryse H. Richards ◽  
Cordelia T. Grimes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Low Income ◽  
African American Adolescents ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
School Cohesion ◽  
External Characteristics

Exposure to violence (ETV) poses a serious threat to adolescents’ safety and well-being; however, some adolescents who grow up in such toxic environments are able to thrive due to a combination of internal and external characteristics. The current study examines the role of cohesion across contexts (i.e., family, school, and community) as moderating the relation between ETV and positive internal outcomes characteristic of resilient youth (i.e., ethnic identity, positive affect, and self-esteem) in a sample of low-income, urban, African American adolescents ( N = 269, 60% female) from seventh grade to eighth grade. Results indicated that greater cohesion in each context was directly related to more positive outcomes. Family and neighborhood cohesion additionally served as protective enhancing factors for males exposed to high levels of violence. These findings expand the current research on positive youth development and help locate potential environmental targets for prevention and intervention research.

scholarly journals The Well-Being Gap during the Great Recession: The Role of Growth and Institutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Marco Ciziceno ◽  
Pietro Pizzuto
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Well Being ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Great Recession

The purpose of this paper is to examine the well-being dynamics across European countries during the Great Recession and to investigate the potential role of the quality of formal institutions in mitigating the negative effect of the economic downturn. This study uses the club convergence methodology by Phillips and Sul (2007; 2009) to group EU-28 countries that present similar features in terms of well-being during the period 2005-2017. The study also applies probit models to investigate the potential role of several social and institutional characteristics that are supposed to affect subjective well-being levels. The results show the existence of a “well-being gap” among European countries. The economic downturn started in 2008 has impacted the perceived well-being more in low-income and low-growth countries (less developed transition and Southern countries), than in high-income and more developed transition countries. The study also shows that countries that present well-functioning institutional systems and, more in general, good institutional performances show higher life satisfaction levels and tend to be more resilient to the negative effects generated by the economic shock.

scholarly journals Economic Well-Being and Children's Social Adjustment: The Role of Family Process in an Ethnically Diverse Low-Income Sample

2002 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 935-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmita S. Mistry ◽  
Elizabeth A. Vandewater ◽  
Aletha C. Huston ◽  
Vonnie C. McLoyd
Keyword(s):  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Family Process ◽  
Economic Well Being

scholarly journals Disentangling the role of income level on premium brand perceived quality, awareness, association, and loyalty: A comparative study within Thailand and Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Komm Pechinthorn ◽  
Nico Irawan ◽  
Kyawt Shinn Thant Zin ◽  
Sineenat Suasungnern ◽  
Jirangrug Samarkjarn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Quality Awareness ◽  
Low Income Consumers

The level of income is one of the specific consumer conditions that susceptible to influence their brand decision-making. Unfortunately, studies on the influence of income mainly focused on price without considering the relationship between brand and consumers. This study aims to examine how brand perceived quality, awareness, association, and loyalty related to the level of income in emerging countries like Thailand and Indonesia. Premium and high-class coffee chain brands choose as the object of this study as the exponential growth of the coffee culture in both countries. A total of 283 respondents have completed an online questionnaire and verified it to be processed into the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and LSD post hoc test for multiple comparison statistical analysis. The result of this study shows that although high-income and low-income consumers in Thailand tend to have the same perceived quality toward the premium coffee brand, in general, there is a significant difference in the mean of brand perceived quality, awareness, and association between various consumers income level in Thailand. Interestingly, this study found that there is no significant difference in the mean of premium coffee brand perceived quality, awareness, association, and loyalty within the group of income levels in Indonesia. This indicates that Indonesians tend to ignore how much money they have in their pocket when it comes to coffee as the coffee culture becoming a new habit and lifestyle.

scholarly journals The impacts of the food-feed-fuel competition on Brazilian food supply

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-182
Author(s):  
Danilo Rolim Dias de Aguiar ◽  
Gabriella Nunes da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Income Consumers

The impact of the so-called "food-feed-fuel competition" on hunger has been a major concern worldwide. In addition, the environmental impacts caused by increases in the production of certain foods have made food supplying even more challenging. As few studies have dealt with this issue in Brazil, this paper aims to evaluate the country's nutritional situation since 1995, focusing on the effects of producing animal feed and biofuels on both the domestic availability of food and the role of Brazil as a food supplier to foreign countries. We estimate the quantity of nutrients produced in the country, compare them with the necessities of Brazilians and estimate the population that could be fed by means of Brazilian exports. The results indicate that despite the food-feed-fuel competition, the supply of food has increased and has been sufficient to nourish all Brazilians plus a number even larger of foreigners. As food availability is adequate, the large number of Brazilians still exposed to undernourishment reflects the limited access to food by low-income consumers. We also conclude that Brazil could contribute even more to feed foreigners if policies were implemented aiming to induce farmers to produce a different sort of products.

scholarly journals Making the best of it: Adolescents' perceptions of how their home and neighborhood spheres shape their lives

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-131
Author(s):  
Vibeke Krane ◽  
Ellen Andvig
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Income Family ◽  
Future Outcomes ◽  
Housing Standards ◽  
Underlying Processes ◽  
Depth Interviews

Adolescents’ homes are fundamental components of their living conditions and essential for their everyday life, health, well-being and development. Previous research has focused on how housing affects adolescents through investigating certain aspects of adolescent health and future outcomes. In this qualitative study, we explored low-income family adolescents’ subjective experiences of their homes and in what ways their experiences of housing influenced their everyday lives. Seven participants aged between 12 and 20 years were recruited through a housing project. The participants were interviewed using individual in-depth interviews. The data were analysed using a thematic analysis and organised into four themes: 1) housing features affecting social life and privacy, 2) moving around, 3) the importance of neighbourhood and 4) worries and dreams. The findings show how the housing standards affected adolescents’ social life and privacy. House moves could provide new opportunities but also lead to a lack of continuity in relationships. The neighbourhood was highlighted as a public sphere, providing access to places and friends. Adolescents’ worries and dreams concerning housing conditions are also presented. The results show how housing is central in shaping adolescents’ social relationships, the importance of access to neighbourhood spheres and how adolescents adapt to their situation. The findings further reveal the important underlying processes to facilitate a greater understanding of the role of housing in low-income family adolescents’ lives.

Characteristics of resilient youths living in poverty: The role of self-regulatory processes

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN C. BUCKNER ◽  
ENRICO MEZZACAPPA ◽  
WILLIAM R. BEARDSLEE
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Monitoring Study ◽  
Low Income Families

As part of a larger investigation of very low income families, this study examined the characteristics that differentiated resilient from nonresilient school-age youths, with a focus on self-regulation (e.g., executive function, emotion regulation) skills. Resilience was operationally defined in a robust and comprehensive manner using well-established instruments that measured children's emotional well-being and mental health. Controlling for other explanatory variables, including differences in the experience of negative life events and chronic strains, resilient youths were notably different from nonresilient youths in terms of having greater self-regulatory skills and self-esteem, as well as in receiving more active parental monitoring. Study findings are discussed with regard to the theoretical framework of self-regulation and their implications for preventive intervention.

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