Fundus Examination in Pediatric Patients

2022 ◽  
pp. 270-280
Author(s):  
Alanna Khattar
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Posterior Pole ◽  
Posterior Segment ◽  
Handheld Devices ◽  
Fundus Examination ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

There are a number of different pieces of equipment and techniques available for examination of the fundus of a pediatric patient. Two of these tools are handheld devices, the direct ophthalmoscope and PanOpticTM ophthalmoscope. Both of these devices allow for examination of the posterior pole of the eye. This chapter will discuss the indications, advantages, and disadvantages of both of these pieces of equipment in addition to how to use the equipment to examine the posterior segment of a pediatric patient.

scholarly journals Bilateral Destructive Hip Disease from Untreated Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Arash Calafi ◽  
Alton W. Skaggs ◽  
Trevor J. Shelton ◽  
Brian M. Haus
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Acetabular Dysplasia ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Similar Case ◽  
Hip Pain ◽  
Complete Destruction ◽  
Hip Disease

We report a novel case of a pediatric patient with bilateral hip destruction from untreated Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). She was presented at the age of 9 with hip pain associated with bilateral acetabular dysplasia and a dislocated left femoral head. Only 1.5 years later, the patient developed complete destruction of the left femoral head and dislocated right femoral head. The authors have not identified literature describing a similar case report of bilateral femoral head destruction resulting from Persistent Oligoarticular JIA. Pediatric patients presenting with rapidly evolving destructive process should be evaluated for rheumatologic, infectious, and spinal etiologies.

scholarly journals Warfarin-Rifampin Drug Interaction in a Pediatric Patient

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 375-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Poon ◽  
Brady S. Moffett ◽  
Donald L. Yee
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Warfarin Therapy ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Extreme Case ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Adult Patients

Rifampin has been documented to significantly attenuate the effect of warfarin in adult patients. No data have been presented on the use of rifampin and warfarin in a pediatric patient. We report an extreme case of increased warfarin metabolism in a pediatric patient who was concomitantly receiving rifampin, despite receiving other medications that significantly decrease warfarin metabolism. The inhibitory effect of rifampin on warfarin therapy may be amplified in pediatric patients.

MR Imaging of Meningioangiomatosis in a Pediatric Population

Neurographics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 325-329
Author(s):  
A. Bhatia ◽  
S. Saade-Lemus ◽  
J.M. Ndolo ◽  
W. Chow ◽  
E.S. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Solitary Lesion ◽  
Leptomeningeal Enhancement ◽  
Histopathologic Diagnosis

Meningioangiomatosis (MA) is a rare intracranial hamartomatous lesion. We retrospectively reviewed the MRIs in 6 pediatric patients with a histopathologic diagnosis of MA. Patients with MA demonstrated a solitary lesion in the frontotemporal regions, with FLAIR hyperintensity and leptomeningeal enhancement. A solitary brain lesion in the frontotemporal lobes associated with leptomeningeal enhancement and T2/FLAIR hyperintensity should include the possibility of MA in a pediatric patient who presents with seizures or headaches.

Acquired Port-Wine Stain in a Pediatric Patient

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sule Afsar ◽  
Ragıp Ortac
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Port Wine Stain ◽  
Port Wine ◽  
Left Forearm ◽  
Port Wine Stains

Background: Acquired port-wine stains (PWSs) are vascular lesions that are identical to congenital PWSs morphologically and histopathologically. Objective: Because acquired PWSs are rarely seen in adult and pediatric patients, we present a 9-year-old boy with an acquired PWS on his left forearm. Conclusion: None of the proposed etiologies, such as trauma, chronic sun exposure, or hormonal medication, was applicable to our patient, and a literature review showed us that acquired PWSs give a faster and better response to pulsed dye laser therapy than congenital lesions do.

scholarly journals Pediatric patient portal use in one health system

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter G Szilagyi ◽  
Rebecca Valderrama ◽  
Sitaram Vangala ◽  
Christina Albertin ◽  
David Okikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Patient Engagement ◽  
One Health ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Care ◽  
Health Record ◽  
Patient Portal ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
System 1

Abstract Objective The study sought to assess, for children in one large health system, (1) characteristics of active users of the patient portal (≥1 use in prior 12 months), (2) portal use by adolescents, and (3) variations in pediatric patient portal use. Materials and Methods We analyzed data from the electronic health record regarding pediatric portal use during 2017-2018 across a health system (39 871 pediatric patients). Results Altogether, 63.5% of pediatric patients were active portal users. Children (proxies) who were boys, privately insured, white, and spoke English were more likely to be active users. Common uses involved messaging with physicians, medications, allergies, letters, and laboratory results. By 15 years of age, >50% of adolescents used the portal by themselves (without a proxy). Pediatric portal use varied widely across practices. Discussion Pediatric or adolescent portal use is quite high, but large variations exist. Conclusion Use of the portal for pediatric care may reflect varying pediatric patient engagement.

scholarly journals Anxiolysis in the Surgical Management of a Compound Odontoma in a Pediatric Patient

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pier Paolo Poli ◽  
Luca Creminelli ◽  
Emma Grecchi ◽  
Silvia Pieriboni ◽  
Gregorio Menozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Outpatient Basis ◽  
Conservative Approach ◽  
The Common ◽  
Oral Premedication ◽  
Negative Feelings ◽  
Compound Odontoma

Among odontogenic tumors, odontoma is the most frequent. The common treatment contemplates a conservative approach. While this procedure is generally accepted and tolerated, some difficulties may be encountered in the case of pediatric patients. Indeed, negative feelings of tension, apprehension, nervousness, and fear are likely to occur. The present report is aimed at discussing the management of a compound odontoma in a pediatric patient under anxiolysis with diazepam on an outpatient basis. The surgery was carried out without complications, and the discharge was completed safely. Oral premedication with diazepam should be considered to avoid more invasive sedation procedures in anxious pediatric patients.

Incidental GIST after appendectomy in a pediatric patient: a first instance and review of pediatric patients with CD117 confirmed GISTs

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sifrance Tran ◽  
Michael Dingeldein ◽  
Sarah C. Mengshol ◽  
Saundra Kay ◽  
Anthony C. Chin
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Pediatric Patients

Pharyngeal Fibrovascular Polyp in a Child

1998 ◽  
Vol 107 (9) ◽  
pp. 797-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merritt J. Seshul ◽  
Carlos A. Galliani ◽  
Brian J. Wiatrak ◽  
Gregory T. Odrezin
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Aerodigestive Tract ◽  
Upper Aerodigestive Tract ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
Fibrovascular Polyp ◽  
Ultrasound Evaluation ◽  
Uncommon Tumor

Fibrovascular polyp of the upper aerodigestive tract is an uncommon tumor that may present in pediatric patients with symptoms ranging from dysphagia to asphyxiation and death. We present a unique case of a pediatric patient with an asymptomatic fibrovascular polyp noted as an incidental finding on a cervical ultrasound evaluation. This lesion extended from the posterior tonsillar pillar and prolapsed freely into the nasopharynx and esophagus. The literature relevant to this case is reviewed, and the etiology, pathophysiology, and management principles are discussed.

scholarly journals Moyamoya disease in pediatric patients: outcomes of neurosurgical interventions

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. E16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Veeravagu ◽  
Raphael Guzman ◽  
Chirag G. Patil ◽  
Lewis C. Hou ◽  
Marco Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Moyamoya Disease ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Small Populations ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Revascularization Procedures

✓Neurosurgical interventions for moyamoya disease (MMD) in pediatric patients include direct, indirect, and combined revascularization procedures. Each technique has shown efficacy in the treatment of pediatric MMD; however, no single study has demonstrated the superiority of one technique over another. In this review, the authors explore the various studies focused on the use of these techniques for MMD in the pediatric population. They summarize the results of each study to clearly depict the clinical outcomes achieved at each institution that had utilized direct, indirect, or combined techniques. In certain studies, multiple techniques were used, and the clinical or radiological outcomes were compared accordingly. Direct techniques have been shown to aid a reduction in perioperative strokes and provide immediate revascularization to ischemic areas; however, these procedures are technically challenging, and not all pediatric patients are appropriate candidates. Indirect techniques have also shown efficacy in the pediatric population but may require a longer period for revascularization to occur and perfusion deficits to be reversed. The authors concluded that the clinical efficacy of one technique over another is still unclear, as most studies have had small populations and the same outcome measures have not been applied. Authors who compared direct and indirect techniques noted approximately equal clinical outcomes with differences in radiological findings. Additional, larger studies are needed to determine the advantages and disadvantages of the different techniques for the pediatric age group.

scholarly journals Pediatric Palliative Care Pharmacy Pearls—A Focus on Pain and Sedation

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 902
Author(s):  
Jennifer Placencia ◽  
Kevin Madden
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Adult Patient ◽  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Care Patient ◽  
Pediatric Palliative Care ◽  
Palliative Care Patient ◽  
Dosing Regimen ◽  
Developmental Pharmacology ◽  
Optimal Dosing

Determining the optimal dosing regimen for pediatric patients is a challenge due to the lack of dosing guidelines and studies. In addition, many developmental pharmacology changes that occur throughout childhood that have profound impacts on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of medications are commonly used in palliative care. Adding to that complexity, certain medications have different effects in the pediatric patient compared to the adult patient. Being aware of the pharmacokinetic changes, impact on neurodevelopment and unique medication factors that are present in pediatric patients helps clinicians treat the pediatric palliative care patient in the best and safest way possible.

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