Ecosystem Services for Environmental Sustainability

2022 ◽  
pp. 12-30
Author(s):  
Bhavya Kavitha Dwarapureddi ◽  
Swathi Dash ◽  
Saritha Vara
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Land Degradation ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Chief Factors ◽  
Gathering Data

Many of the most valuable contributions of ecosystems to human wellbeing are ecosystem services and are generally underrepresented in assessments. Indirect and direct factors including biophysical dynamics like soil properties, changing climatic conditions, plant functional structures, and anthropogenic activities like changes in land use and land degradation reduce ecosystem services. It is challenging and important to identify these factors and also to estimate their relative contributions to the degradation of ecosystem services. The chapter is an attempt to identify all these important factors and also suggest ways to enhance ecosystem services. Furthermore, incorporation of local knowledge would enable quantifying ecosystem services at a greater spatial resolution and also help in identifying chief factors influencing ecosystem service delivery. Furthermore, a long-term program needs to be established for gathering data towards streamlining ecosystem services wherein involvement of stakeholders is necessary for designing payments for these programs.

Fostering Research into Coupled Long-Term Dynamics of Climate, Land Use, Ecosystems and Ecosystem Services in the Central French Alps

2012 ◽  
pp. 485-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Lavorel ◽  
Thomas Spiegelberger ◽  
Isabelle Mauz ◽  
Sylvain Bigot ◽  
Céline Granjou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
French Alps

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penggunaan Lahan Dan Kinerja Lalu Lintas Terhadap Iklim Perkotaan Di Wilayah Peri-Urban Mamminasata

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Sri Hidayat ◽  
Syafri Syafri ◽  
Syahriar Tato
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Spatial Transformation ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Traffic Performance

Koridor ruas jalan Hertasning-Tun Abdul Razak merupakan wilayah peri-urban yang mengalami dinamika cukup tinggi akibat kebutuhan permukiman dan sarana kegiatan baru. Hal ini memicu terjadinya transformasi spasial. Transformasi spasial memberikan dampak pada peningkatan aktivitas antropogenik yang dapat mengubah iklim perkotaan. Peningkatan aktivitas antropogenik ditandai dengan perbedaan penggunaan lahan dan kinerja lalu lintas sepanjang koridor. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif untuk mengetahui hubungan variabel penggunaan lahan dan kinerja lalu lintas terhadap kondisi iklim perkotaan dengan analisis data menggunakan SEM PLS.  Hasil pengujian hipotesis secara statistik terhadap pengaruh masing-masing variabel independen terhadap variabel dependennya menghasilkan kesimpulan penggunaan lahan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kondisi iklim dimana nilai T-Statistik sebesar 2,752 > 1,96 atau nilai P sebesar 0,040 < 0,05. Sementara kinerja lalu lintas tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kondisi iklim perkotaan dengan nilai T-Statistik sebesar 1,071 < 1,96 atau nilai P sebesar 0,285 > 0,05. Hasil ini juga menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan lahan di koridor ruas jalan Hertasning-Tun Abdul Razak dapat menyebabkan meningkatnya suhu perkotaan dikawasan tersebut. Namun peningkatan suhu perkotaan pada kawasan tersebut lebih disebabkan oleh aktivitas antropogenik pada penggunaan lahannya dan tidak dipengaruhi oleh luas area yang terbangun. The corridor of the Hertasning-Tun Abdul Razak road section is a peri-urban area experiencing high dynamics due to the need for new housing and activity facilities. This triggers a spatial transformation. Spatial transformation has an impact on increasing anthropogenic activities that can change the urban climate. The increase in anthropogenic activity is indicated by differences in land use and traffic performance along the corridor. This study uses a quantitative method to determine the relationship between land use variables and traffic performance on urban climatic conditions with data analysis using SEM PLS. The results of statistical hypothesis testing on the effect of each independent variable on the dependent variable resulted in the conclusion that land use had a significant effect on climatic conditions where the T-statistic value was 2.752> 1.96 or the P value was 0.040 <0.05. Meanwhile, traffic performance has no significant effect on urban climatic conditions with a T-statistic value of 1.071 <1.96 or a P value of 0.285> 0.05. These results also indicate that land use in the Hertasning-Tun Abdul Razak road corridor can cause an increase in urban temperatures in the area. However, the increase in urban temperature in these areas is more due to anthropogenic activities in land use and is not influenced by the area that is built.

scholarly journals Benefits of water-related ecological infrastructure investments to support sustainable land-use: a review of evidence from critically water-stressed catchments in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alanna J. Rebelo ◽  
Petra B. Holden ◽  
Karen Esler ◽  
Mark G. New
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
South African ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Ecological Infrastructure ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Infrastructure Investments

Investments to promote sustainable land-use within critical river catchment areas are often undertaken to provide benefits to society. Investments generally aim to protect or restore ecological infrastructure—the underlying framework of ecosystems, functions and processes that supply ecosystem services—for multiple benefits to society. However, the empirical evidence base from studies across the world on both mechanisms and outcomes to support these assumptions is limited. We collate evidence on the benefits of ecological infrastructure interventions, in terms of ecosystem services provided to society, from three major South African water-providing catchments using a novel framework. In these catchments, millions of US Dollars' worth of investments have been made into ecological infrastructure since 1996. We ask the question: is there evidence that ecological infrastructure interventions are delivering the proposed benefits? Results show that even in catchments with substantial, long-term financial investment into ecological infrastructure, research has not empirically confirmed the benefits. Better baseline data collection is required, and monitoring during and after ecological infrastructure interventions, to quantify benefits to society. This evidence is needed to leverage investment into ecological infrastructure interventions at scale. Investment at scale is needed to transition to more sustainable land-use to unlock greater benefits to nature and people.

scholarly journals Non-Monetary Assessment and Mapping of the Potential of Agroecosystem Services in Rural Slovakia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-276
Author(s):  
Jarmila Makovníková ◽  
Boris Pálka ◽  
Stanislav Kološta ◽  
Filip Flaška ◽  
Katarína Orságová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
National Level ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Land Use Management ◽  
Biodiversity Protection

AbstractThe updated Slovak National Biodiversity Strategy to 2020 is a key document in the field of biodiversity protection, and assessment together with mapping of the value of different ecosystem services is one of its most important objectives. This study applies the first non-monetary assessment and pilot mapping of agroecosystem services in the Slovak Republic at seven model sites located in the main climatic areas and estimates the agroecosystem services potential of Slovakia as a rural country with a transformed multi-criteria approach used at national level. It suggests that the distribution of the value of agroecosystem services is geographically different probably due to climatic conditions, slope and soil texture. Our assessment provides a suitable basis for further investigation of agroecosystem services and contributes to optimizing sustainable land use management in Slovakia.

scholarly journals Over 150 Years of Change: Object-Oriented Analysis of Historical Land Cover in the Main River Catchment, Bavaria/Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4048
Author(s):  
Yrneh Ulloa-Torrealba ◽  
Reinhold Stahlmann ◽  
Martin Wegmann ◽  
Thomas Koellner
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Historical Maps ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
Main River ◽  
Object Based

The monitoring of land cover and land use change is critical for assessing the provision of ecosystem services. One of the sources for long-term land cover change quantification is through the classification of historical and/or current maps. Little research has been done on historical maps using Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA). This study applied an object-based classification using eCognition tool for analyzing the land cover based on historical maps in the Main river catchment, Upper Franconia, Germany. This allowed land use change analysis between the 1850s and 2015, a time span which covers the phase of industrialization of landscapes in central Europe. The results show a strong increase in urban area by 2600%, a severe loss of cropland (−24%), a moderate reduction in meadows (−4%), and a small gain in forests (+4%). The method proved useful for the application on historical maps due to the ability of the software to create semantic objects. The confusion matrix shows an overall accuracy of 82% for the automatic classification compared to manual reclassification considering all 17 sample tiles. The minimum overall accuracy was 65% for historical maps of poor quality and the maximum was 91% for very high-quality ones. Although accuracy is between high and moderate, coarse land cover patterns in the past and trends in land cover change can be analyzed. We conclude that such long-term analysis of land cover is a prerequisite for quantifying long-term changes in ecosystem services.

scholarly journals Disentangling effects of climate and land use on biodiversity and ecosystem services – a multi-scale experimental design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Redlich ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Caryl Benjamin ◽  
Maninder Singh Dhillon ◽  
Jana Englmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
List Type ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Land Use Types

SummaryClimate and land-use change are key drivers of environmental degradation in the Anthropocene, but too little is known about their interactive effects on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Long-term data on biodiversity trends are currently lacking. Furthermore, previous ecological studies have rarely considered climate and land use in a joint design, did not achieve variable independence or lost statistical power by not covering the full range of environmental gradients.Here, we introduce a multi-scale space-for-time study design to disentangle effects of climate and land use on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The site selection approach coupled extensive GIS-based exploration and correlation heatmaps with a crossed and nested design covering regional, landscape and local scales. Its implementation in Bavaria (Germany) resulted in a set of study plots that maximizes the potential range and independence of environmental variables at different spatial scales.Stratifying the state of Bavaria into five climate zones and three prevailing land-use types, i.e. near-natural, agriculture and urban, resulted in 60 study regions covering a mean annual temperature gradient of 5.6–9.8 °C and a spatial extent of 380×360 km. Within these regions, we nested 180 study plots located in contrasting local land-use types, i.e. forests, grasslands, arable land or settlement (local climate gradient 4.5–10 °C). This approach achieved low correlations between climate and land-use (proportional cover) at the regional and landscape scale with |r ≤0.33| and |r ≤0.29|, respectively. Furthermore, using correlation heatmaps for local plot selection reduced potentially confounding relationships between landscape composition and configuration for plots located in forests, arable land and settlements.The suggested design expands upon previous research in covering a significant range of environmental gradients and including a diversity of dominant land-use types at different scales within different climatic contexts. It allows independent assessment of the relative contribution of multi-scale climate and land use on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Understanding potential interdependencies among global change drivers is essential to develop effective restoration and mitigation strategies against biodiversity decline, especially in expectation of future climatic changes. Importantly, this study also provides a baseline for long-term ecological monitoring programs.

scholarly journals Land productivity dynamics in and around protected areas globally from 1999 to 2013

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Begoña de la Fuente ◽  
Mélanie Weynants ◽  
Bastian Bertzky ◽  
Giacomo Delli ◽  
Andrea Mandrici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Land Degradation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
Productivity Dynamics

AbstractTracking changes in total biomass production or land productivity is an essential part of monitoring land transformations and long-term alterations of the health and productive capacity of land that are typically associated with land degradation. Persistent declines in land productivity impact many terrestrial ecosystem services that form the basis for sustainable livelihoods of human communities. Protected areas (PAs) are a key strategy in global efforts to conserve biodiversity and ecosystem services that are critical for human well-being, and cover about 15% of the land worldwide. Here we globally assess the trends in land productivity in PAs of at least 10 km2 and in their unprotected surroundings (10 km buffers) from 1999 to 2013. We quantify the percentage of the protected and unprotected land that shows stable, increasing or decreasing trends in land productivity, quantified as long-term (15 year) changes in above-ground biomass derived from satellite-based observations with a spatial resolution of 1 km. We find that 44% of the land in PAs globally has retained the productivity at stable levels from 1999 to 2013, compared to 42% of stable productivity in the unprotected land around PAs. Persistent increases in productivity are more common in the unprotected lands around PAs (32%) than within PAs (18%) globally, which may be related to more active management and vegetation cover changes in some of these unprotected lands. About 14% of the protected land and 12% of the unprotected land around PAs has experienced declines in land productivity from 1999 to 2013 globally. Oceania has the highest percentage of land with stable productivity in PAs (57%) followed by Asia (52%). Europe is the continent with the lowest percentage of land with stable productivity levels in PAs (38%) and with the largest share of protected land with increasing land productivity (32%), which may be related to the high population density and share of agricultural land within PAs as well as to rural land abandonment processes in many regions of Europe. In conclusion, we provide a relevant indicator and assessment of land productivity dynamics that contributes to characterise the state, pressures and changes in and around protected areas globally. Further research may focus on more detailed analyses to disentangle the relative contribution of specific drivers (from climate change to land use change) and their interaction with land productivity dynamics and potential land degradation in different regions of the world.

scholarly journals Jerusalem Artichoke as a Means of Fields Conservation

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Starovoytov ◽  
Oksana Starovoytova ◽  
Nikolay Aldoshin ◽  
Alexandra Manohina
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Land Degradation ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Land Conservation ◽  
Management Project ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Multiple Treatments ◽  
Subsequent Introduction

Abstract In Russia, the cultivated fields represent a major issue. According to various estimates, they occupy 20-40 million hectares. Of course, this is a great reserve for the development of agriculture and, if necessary, production of in-demand crops. However, if the fields are not used for a long term, they become gradually overgrown with weeds during quarantine: ragweed, hogweed, shrubs and trees. Subsequent introduction of these fields in turnover requires multiple treatments of the soil and the use of potent herbicides due to the high cost of the uprooting of trees. Based on the decisions of the Russian Federation on land conservation, the land management project defining the terms of land conservation, prevention of land degradation, restoring of soil fertility and bringing of life to contaminated areas as well as the order of how these activities should be carried out and their cost and suggestions for land use after the completion of the mentioned processes was developed. However, the technology of land conservation is yet to be developed.

Development of earth observation data cubes for monitoring land degradation processes in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Insa Otte ◽  
Nosiseko Mashiyi ◽  
Pawel Kluter ◽  
Steven Hill ◽  
Andreas Hirner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
South African ◽  
Land Degradation ◽  
Earth Observation ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Data Cubes ◽  
Earth Observation Data

&lt;p&gt;Global biodiversity and ecosystem services are under high pressure of human impact. Although avoiding, reducing and reversing the impacts of human activities on ecosystems should be an urgent priority, the loss of biodiversity continues. One of the main drivers of biodiversity loss is land use change and land degradation. In South Africa land degradation has a long history and is of great concern. The SPACES II project SALDi (South African Land Degradation Monitor) aims for developing new, adaptive and sustainable tools for assessing land degradation by addressing the dynamics and functioning of multi-use landscapes with respect to land use change and ecosystem services. SPACES II is a German-South African &amp;#8220;Science Partnerships for the Adaptation to Complex Earth System Processes&amp;#8221;. Within SALDi ready-to-use earth observation (EO) data cubes are developed. EO data cubes are useful and effective tools using earth observations to deliver decision-ready products. By accessing, storing and processing of remote sensing products and time-series in data cubes, the efficient monitoring of land degradation can therefore be enabled. The SALDi data cubes from optical and radar satellite data include all necessary pre-processing steps and are generated to monitor vegetation dynamics of five years for six focus areas. Intra- and interannual variability in both, a high spatial and temporal resolution will be accounted to monitor land degradation. Therefore, spatial high resolution earth observation data from 2016 to 2021 from Sentinel-1 (C-Band radar) and Sentinel-2 (multispectral) will be integrated in the SALDi data cube for six research areas of 100 x 100 km. Additionally, a number of vegetation indices will be implemented to account for explicit land degradation and vegetation monitoring. Spatially explicit query tools will enable users of the system to focus on specific areas, like hydrological catchments or blocks of fields.&lt;/p&gt;

Sustainable Resilience in Urban Land Use

2022 ◽  
pp. 233-256
Author(s):  
José G. Vargas-Hernández ◽  
Elsa Patricia Orozco-Quijano
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Planning System

Humanity is facing a series of important challenges, global warming being one the most important. Consequently, sustainability and resilience have become key elements in providing a better response to the crisis and in maintaining an equilibrium between ecology, economics, and various social domains. The design and use of urban land should consider the inclusion of a multi-functional green infrastructure to obtain different benefits, from ecosystem services to value creation. Additionally, the urban land-use planning system contributes to economic growth, social development, and environmental sustainability, while biodiversity is able to provide renewal and reorganization capacities for changes in social-ecosystems. All these elements bring forth a different paradigm for the future decisions of communities.

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