Integrating Human Rights, Equity, and Social Justice in Health Policies in America and Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 454-472
Author(s):  
Augustine Nduka Eneanya
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Critical Case ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Secondary Sources

Persisting absence of human rights, widening inequality, and social justice in healthcare delivery systems within and between countries present significant challenges to the focus and practice of contemporary public health. This chapter compares how cases of human rights, equity, and social justice are integrated in America's and Nigeria's healthcare policies. Qualitative research and case study design were adopted. Data were collected from secondary sources, such as reviewed literature, textbooks, journal articles, government reports, and internet. Content and critical case studies analysis methods were utilized to analyze, explain, and compare America's and Nigeria's health policies. Findings reveal absence of human rights, equity, and social justice among sub-groups in healthcare service delivery in America and Nigeria. The chapter concludes by suggesting that human rights, equity, and social justice should be integrated into health policies of America and Nigeria in order to make access to healthcare service delivery a right for citizens.

Integrating Human Rights, Equity, and Social Justice in Health Policies in America and Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 179-202
Author(s):  
Augustine Nduka Eneanya
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Critical Case ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Secondary Sources

Persisting absence of human rights, widening inequality, and social justice in healthcare delivery systems within and between countries present significant challenges to the focus and practice of contemporary public health. This chapter compares how cases of human rights, equity, and social justice are integrated in America's and Nigeria's healthcare policies. Qualitative research and case study design were adopted. Data were collected from secondary sources, such as reviewed literature, textbooks, journal articles, government reports, and internet. Content and critical case studies analysis methods were utilized to analyze, explain, and compare America's and Nigeria's health policies. Findings reveal absence of human rights, equity, and social justice among sub-groups in healthcare service delivery in America and Nigeria. The chapter concludes by suggesting that human rights, equity, and social justice should be integrated into health policies of America and Nigeria in order to make access to healthcare service delivery a right for citizens.

scholarly journals Factors Influenced Healthcare Service Delivery During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study in Cicalengka, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
Eka Nurhayati ◽  
Dika Ananda Elyani ◽  
Yanti Fadillah
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Healthcare Program

Since the enactment of the restriction in 2020, Puskesmas Cicalengka has been faced numerous healthcare delivery problems, which led to the failure of achieving the target of the healthcare program. It is important to identify the factors which caused the healthcare problems to compose a plan for years to come. Identification can be accomplished using a logic model framework consisting of input, process, output, and environment. This study was conducted to identify the input factors that play the roles in healthcare service delivery output in Puskesmas Cicalengka during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. This study was conducted as a qualitative study using a case study design. The study was done by analyzing related documents, observing and interviewing staff. Data was collected in March 2021. The result shows that Puskesmas was once closed in April 2020 due to the pandemic. In May 2020, Puskesmas reopened and started to provide healthcare services by following the new regulation from the Ministry of Health. The input factors which affected healthcare delivery in Puskesmas Cicalengka during the pandemic of COVID-19 in 2020 were man, money, material, methods, minutes, and information. Machine was the only factor that did not affect healthcare delivery since it was in good condition. Further research must be completed with quantitative research to reach a comprehensive point of view.

scholarly journals Clients, clinics and social justice

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Collinson ◽  
Alice Diver ◽  
Sharon McAvoy
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
Law Schools ◽  
Legal Ethics ◽  
Global Compact ◽  
Un Global Compact ◽  
Content Type

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a case study of an innovative, three-module pathway designed by the Department of Law and Criminology at Edge Hill University (England) in 2014. In addition to supporting the work of its campus pro-bono law clinic, the first-two modules aim to enhance and evidence the legal skills of EHU’s undergraduate LLB students, to embed a deeper awareness of the (legal) ethics needed for sustainable legal practice (within PRME), and to highlight the increasing need for socially responsible advocates, able to defend the rights of marginalised, vulnerable clients.Design/methodology/approachThe critical analysis of the content and scope of an innovative, work-based learning LLB module pathway, which furthers the aim of the UN Global Compact and the PRME, and ties them firmly to socio-legal issues and advocacy involving recent jurisprudence.FindingsThe case law used within the modules, and the practical work of the students in the campus law clinic, are relevant to social justice issues and to the promotion of PRME values—they promote awareness of human rights principles, highlight the importance of access to legal services and provide students with knowledge of legal ethics. Enhanced employability skills flow from this.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a narrow case study but still provides a useful analysis of an innovative, PRME relevant module pathway. The model mirrors international trends in clinical legal education and also offers a template for other law schools keen to promote the concept of ethical, just legal practice.Practical implicationsThe paper posits that enhanced employability can flow from real world tasks such as advocacy for marginalised or disadvantaged groups and presents an exemplar for other law schools wishing to embed ethics/clinical law practice into their curriculum.Social implicationsThe paper highlights how the campus law clinic serves the public in a deprived region—it raises awareness of human rights and of social justice issues. It has the potential to feed into litigation on social welfare issues (housing, social security, child welfare, etc.).Originality/valueThe discussion of the human rights case law that is used in the Year 2 “bridging module” (which prepares students for working in the law clinic in their final year) is particularly relevant and is analysed in detail, highlighting how this module pathway is aimed at promoting PRME and UN Global Compact principles.

scholarly journals Efforts and Challenges to Ensure Continuity of Mental Healthcare Service Delivery in a Low Resource Settings During COVID-19 Pandemic—A Case of a Kenyan Referral Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith Kwobah ◽  
Florence Jaguga ◽  
Kiptoo Robert ◽  
Elias Ndolo ◽  
Jane Kariuki
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Number Of Patients

The rising number of patients with Covid-19 as well as the infection control measures have affected healthcare service delivery, including mental healthcare. Mental healthcare delivery in low and middle income countries where resources were already limited are likely to be affected more during this pandemic. This paper describes the efforts of ensuring mental healthcare delivery is continued in a referral hospital in Kenya, Moi Teaching and Referral hospital, as well as the challenges faced. These efforts are guided by the interim guidelines developed by the Kenyan ministry of health. Some of the adjustments described includes reducing number of patients admitted, shortening the stay in the inpatient setting, using outdoors for therapy to promote physical distancing, utilization of electronic platforms for family therapy sessions, strengthening outpatient services, and supporting primary care workers to deliver mental health care services. Some of the challenges include limited ability to move about, declining ability for patients to pay out of pocket due to the economic challenges brought about by measures to control Covid-19, limited drug supplies in primary care facilities, inability to fully implement telehealth due to connectivity issues and stigma for mental health which results in poor social support for the mentally ill patients. It is clear that current pandemic has jeopardized the continuity of usual mental healthcare in many settings. This has brought to sharp focus the need to decentralize mental health care and promote community based services. Meanwhile, there is need to explore feasible alternatives to ensure continuity of care.

Pediatric Telepsychiatry as Innovation in Healthcare Delivery

2011 ◽  
pp. 2044-2056
Author(s):  
Katherine M. Boydell ◽  
Tiziana Volpe ◽  
Antonio Pignatiello
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Clinical Education ◽  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Integrated Healthcare ◽  
Knowledge Translation And Exchange

Although a great deal has been written about the potential for telemedicine to increase access to care, applications in paediatrics are sparse. This chapter details how one paediatric telepsychiatry program has facilitated the creation of integrated healthcare solutions in patient psychiatric care for children and youth in remote and rural communities. It demonstrates how the telepsychiatry model of healthcare service delivery has improved access, enhanced capacity, and promoted knowledge exchange in rural communities. A case study is used to highlight theoretical and empirical research on the value of televideo information technology in mental healthcare and its impact on the healthcare stakeholders who utilize this technology. An overview of the clinical, education, and evaluation components of the program is outlined, with a focus on knowledge translation and exchange as the underpinning foundation to the success of the program.

Mexico and the R2P Challenge: The Commitment Trap

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-50
Author(s):  
Arturo C. Sotomayor
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Latin American Country ◽  
Critical Case ◽  
War On Drugs ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
International Commitments ◽  
Human Rights Norms ◽  
Critical Case Study

In recent years, Mexico has presented mostly favourable views of the R2P concept. This is a radical change, since historically it had been a strong advocate of non-intervention norms. This essay argues that Mexico’s R2P position has been shaped and constrained by two incoherent domestic narratives: democratization and the war on drugs. These two narratives have led to an inconsistent and ambiguous record of compliance with human rights norms and R2P principles. Mexican authorities, who had been championing for the implementation of R2P, have now become victims of their own international commitments. This Latin American country thus needs to reconcile its two distinct domestic agendas if it aims to be seen as an R2P advocate. The goal of this study is to explore the inherent complex and at times contradictory relationship between domestic demands for democratization and securitization and R2P commitments, using Mexico as a critical case study.

Water and Violence Against Dalits in Maharashtra: A Multi-case Approach

Social Change ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-415
Author(s):  
Raju Adagale
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Forms Of Violence

Water is one of the most vital resources required for human existence. Yet access to this natural resource has not been easy, especially for dalits living in rural India. There have been numerous violent incidents that have been perpetrated against dalits, ranging from verbal to physical abuse and sometimes even ending in murder when this under-privileged community has asserted its right to water. A multi-case study method has been used in selected villages located in Beed district of Maharashtra to examine the various forms of violence that have been employed to prevent dalits from accessing water. Most have occurred because upper caste Hindus believe that since the so-called ‘impure’ dalits in villages pollute water therefore it should be denied to them. The study concludes with B. R. Ambedkar’s views on accessing water on the principle of social justice, equality and human rights.

The Decline of a Dominant African Political Party: The Case and Future of South Africa’s African National Congress (ANC)

Politeia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Isike ◽  
Hakeem Onapajo
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
African National Congress ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Dominant Party ◽  
National Congress ◽  
Ruling Party

This paper investigates increasing claims that the ANC as South Africa’s dominant party is losing its popularity and facing political decline. This is against the backdrop of growing disenchantment with the ruling party over a series of corruption cases, perceived poor service delivery and mal-governance characterizing the Jacob Zuma-led government. However, it is argued in this paper that there are no clear signs of the ANC losing the 2019 elections. Nevertheless, the party risks disintegration – as experience shows in other countries – if it does not effectively address issues relating to corruption, mal-governance and factionalism. The study is based on a careful reading of qualitative data from secondary sources including previous studies in journal articles and books, credible newspaper and magazine reports and institutional documents.

scholarly journals Aspects of Human Security, Social Justice and Sustainable Development in Africa: Nigeria as a Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 270
Author(s):  
Dhikru Adewale Yagboyaju
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Distant Future ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Past ◽  
Poverty And Health

This paper analyzes the relationships between selected aspects of human security-poverty and health security, social justice and sustainable development in Nigeria, representing the African continent. Human security, an emerging paradigm for understanding global vulnerabilities, is widely defined as consisting of seven key areas. However, the aspects of poverty and health security are selected for this study because of the overlapping effects on all the other aspects. Data for the conceptual and theoretical section of the paper are drawn from secondary sources and complimented by data from primary sources. These include events analyses by the author and content analyses of documents such as United Nations (UN) Human Development Index (HDI), Legatum Prosperity Index and Mo Ibrahim Index of African Governance (IIAG) for a selected period. Research methodology is case study based.The paper’s main finding centres on the levels of poverty and threats to health security that have confronted majority of ordinary Nigerians in the past two decades despite the country’s huge material endowments. In the light of this, the focus of knowledge in the country’s immediate and distant future should be human security and not state-centric security.

scholarly journals Strengthening Healthcare Service Delivery through Communities of Practice among Orthopedic Nurses in Federal Hospitals in Kano State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
S. U. Ahmad ◽  
K. D. Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Community Of Practice ◽  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Relationship

Background: This study investigates use of community of practice as a strategy for strengthening healthcare service delivery among orthopedic nurses working at some selected federal hospitals. Aims: The specific objectives of the study targeted to investigate the level of awareness of Orthopedic Nurses about community of practice for knowledge sharing in Federal hospitals in Kano metropolis; and to determine the type of knowledge shared through Community of Practice by Orthopedic Nurses in the hospitals; as well as to find out how Community of Practice could improve healthcare delivery through knowledge sharing among Orthopedic Nurses in the Hospitals. Place of Study: The study was conducted at National Orthopedic Hospital, Dala-Kano, Nigeria and Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria from July 2018 to January, 2019. Methodology: The study adopted quantitative research approach with a self-developed questionnaire that was validated using both content and face validity. A sample size of 134 from a population of 217 was drawn with response rate of 99.3%. The study hypotheses were tested using Chi Square and ANOVA tests using SPSS version 20.0. Results: The study found that the level of awareness about community of practice was high. The findings show that tacit and explicit types of Knowledge were generated and shared through community of practice.  Conclusion: The study concludes that there is significant relationship between awareness and use of community of practice for knowledge sharing among orthopedic nurses in the hospitals under study. Similarly, the study concludes that the relationship between community of practice and knowledge sharing is reflected in job performance.

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