Role of Technological Innovations in Improving Manufacturing Resilience in the Post-Covid Era

2022 ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Ekansh Agarwal ◽  
Ramatu Ussif
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Automotive Sector ◽  
Critical Position ◽  
Time Production ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Recovery Strategies ◽  
Local Manufacturing

Technological progress is critical for improving manufacturing resilience and achieving self-sufficiency in any nation. The COVID-19 crisis has shown the importance of, as well as the threats associated with, our new industrial processes. Manufacturing's critical position in both industrialized and emerging economies has been shown by shortages of medical supplies and disruptions in basic goods. These delays and market fluctuations have also highlighted the pitfalls of focusing solely on a globalized distribution system characterized by fragmented supply chains, the separation of engineering and manufacturing, and just-in-time production. Although globalisation was the trend before the COVID-19 pandemic, several countries realized the dangers and began to look inward, focusing on developing local manufacturing capacities. In addition, the automotive sector has established itself as a cornerstone of post-COVID-19 recovery strategies.

scholarly journals THE POTENTIAL FOR IMPLEMENTING MICROFINANCING FROM THE ZAKAT FUND IN MALAYSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-548
Author(s):  
Nurul Ilyana Muhd Adnan ◽  
Mohd Izhar Ariff Mohd Kashim ◽  
Zahri Hamat ◽  
Hafizuddin Muhd Adnan ◽  
Izwah Muhd Adnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Distribution Law ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Develop Society

Issue: The constrains to obtain a capital often involving underprivileged entrepreneurs because it is difficult to get a fund from the financial institutions. From a Muslim entrepreneur's perspective, microfinance that offered is consisting element of riba and it is prohibited in Islam. As we know, the role of zakat is huge in the economy of the Muslims. So, effective zakat distribution system is able to organize and develop society. Especially for Muslim underprivileged entrepreneurs.  Purpose of study: This article aims to analyze first, what is the basis for the establishment of zakat distribution law over the provision of capital through microfinance? Second, is this distribution potentially to be implemented in Malaysia? Methodology: Qualitative data were obtained from document analysis and interview with zakat expertise in Malaysia. Main findings: Based on the content analysis on primary data, the findings show that there is a strong legal basis allowing zakat distribution through micro-financing. According to scholars' views in Malaysia, the distribution of zakat through microfinance has the potential to be implemented in Malaysia. Implications: The distribution of zakat is not limited to self- sufficiency even can be distributed through productive zakat with the provision of initial capital and revolving capital from zakat funds through microfinance. The provision of working capital through microfinance from zakat funds is a long-term goal of zakat. Novelty/originality: Yet, there is no zakat distribution is done through microfinance in Malaysia. Therefore, the institutions of zakat in Malaysia adopt the Baitul Mal Aceh as a model to apply the granting of working capital in the form of micro-financing which is financed from the funds of zakat. Furthermore, scholars in Malaysia also argued that the distribution of such method has great potential to be implemented in Malaysia.

The impact of lean manufacturing practices on operational and financial performance: the mediating role of agile manufacturing

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meriem Khalfallah ◽  
Lassaad Lakhal
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Agile Manufacturing ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Time Production ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis empirical study aims to explore the link between lean manufacturing practices (total quality management, just-in-time production, just-in-time purchasing, total productive/preventive maintenance), agile manufacturing, and operational and financial performance.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 205 Tunisian manufacturing firms, and the results were analyzed using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results indicate that (1) lean manufacturing practices have a direct positive relationship with agile manufacturing except for just-in-time production, (2) agile manufacturing has a positive impact on operational performance and (3) lean manufacturing practices did not seem to contribute directly to operational performance. However, this relationship is significant when it is mediated through agile manufacturing.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper shows practitioners the importance of lean manufacturing practices to support agile manufacturing and the key role of agile manufacturing to ensure operational performance.Originality/valueThis paper presents an innovative approach since it studies simultaneously the three dimensions of lean manufacturing and their relationship with agile manufacturing and organizational performance.

Accounting for the Growth of MNC-Based Trade Using a Structural Model of U.S. MNCs

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 1515-1558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E Feinberg ◽  
Michael P Keane
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Technical Change ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Time Production ◽  
Trade Growth ◽  
Tariff Reductions

In recent decades, U.S. foreign trade grew much faster than GDP, but there is no consensus why. Notably lacking is an understanding of the role of multinational corporations (MNCs), which mediate over half of world trade. We use Bureau of Economic Analysis data on U.S. MNCs to study the rapid growth of MNC-based trade from 1983 to 1996. Using a model of U.S. MNCs and Canadian affiliates, we decompose this growth by source. Tariff reductions can largely explain increases in arms-length MNC-based trade. But intra-firm trade growth is attributed mostly to “technical change.” We present additional evidence suggesting just-in-time production facilitated intra-firm trade. (JEL F13, F14, F23)

Role of Research and Development in Sustaining Indian Agriculture: A Brief Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 396-401
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Annual Increase ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
The Past ◽  
Indian Agriculture ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
Agriculture Development

Technology united with research and development has evolved as a grave differentiator of the agriculture sector in India including production, processing, and agriculture packing and marketing of given crops. Near about 50 percent of the Indian workforce was engaged in the agriculture sector but its share in GDP was only 14 percent, much lower in comparison to former. Though, certain agriculture items showed a steady annual increase in terms of kilograms per hectare. Agriculture transformed significantly over the past few decades but when it comes to investment in research and development there is a lot more which needs to be done. The paper analyzes the role of various research and development institutions in boosting the growth of the agriculture sector that helps in attaining sustainable agriculture development and self-sufficiency in the production process since independence. It also focusesed on the various issues faced by these development institutions. The findings unveiled that since independence a lot more was done to boost the research and development in the agriculture sector at both the center and state levels but a proper implementation of these policies along with transparency could bring more desirable outcomes than were gained at present.

Tourism recovery strategies during major crises: The role of proactivity

2021 ◽  
pp. 103144
Author(s):  
Amir Raki ◽  
Daud Nayer ◽  
Amin Nazifi ◽  
Matthew Alexander ◽  
Siamak Seyfi
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Strategies

scholarly journals Chinese and Indian FDI in Hungary and the role of Eastern Opening policy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Völgyi ◽  
Eszter Lukács
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Location Choice ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Automotive Sector ◽  
Supportive Services ◽  
High Ranking ◽  
Strategic Cooperation

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to assess the main features of Chinese and Indian investments in Hungary and the role of the Hungarian Government’s Eastern Opening policy in the attraction of investments from these two Asian giants. This paper covers the sectoral distribution, modes of market entry, and motivations of Chinese and Indian foreign direct investments. The automotive sector is the most attractive sector for investors from both countries. ICT manufacturing (electronics) and services, and the renewable energy sector are also very attractive for Chinese companies. The same is true for IT/BPO services and the chemical sector in the case of Indian companies. Chinese and Indian companies enter the Hungarian economy mainly through green-field investments or acquisitions. Market-seeking and strategic asset-seeking motives are dominant in the case of investors from both countries. This paper also puts a special emphasis on studying the impacts of Hungary’s Eastern Opening policy (launched in 2012) on Chinese and Indian investments. The findings show that the Eastern Opening policy has had a significant impact on the investment decision (location choice) of new Chinese and Indian investors and further expansion of investments by Chinese and Indian companies located in Hungary due to four factors, namely high-ranking political meetings, strategic cooperation agreements, cash grants from the Hungarian Government and supportive services of HIPA.

scholarly journals On Just-In-Time Production Leveling

10.5772/54994 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Giordano ◽  
Massimiliano M.
Keyword(s):  
Just In Time ◽  
Time Production

scholarly journals Collection and marketing of non-timber forest products by Chepang community in Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 10-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luni Piya ◽  
KL Maharjan ◽  
NP Joshi ◽  
DR Dangol
Keyword(s):  
Forest Products ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Institutional Management ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Agriculture And Environment ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Current Price

Chepangs are highly marginalized indigenous nationalities of Nepal, who live nearby the forests that are rich in Non-timber Forest Products (NTFPs) of commercial importance. These NTFPs can be a potential source of income for Chepangs. This study describes the role of Chepangs in the marketing channel of those NTFPs and analyses the household socio-economic characteristics that influence the collection and marketing of NTFPs by Chepangs in Shaktikhor VDC of Chitwan district using backward multiple regression method. Empirical evidences show that collection and marketing of NTFPs is not an attractive source of income especially for those relatively better-off Chepang households who possess higher landholdings, food self-sufficiency, and income from other alternative sources. This is because the current price offered for the NTFPs collected by the community is very nominal, that do not even cover the labour costs involved. Praja Cooperative Limited (PCL), a Chepang community based institution in Shaktikhor, is struggling to provide better prices for Chepangs. However, it is facing challenges due to limited institutional management capacity of Chepangs. Further empowerment of PCL can contribute to improve the bargaining power of Chepang community in NTFP trade. The Journal of Agriculture and Environment Vol:12, Jun.2011, Page 10-21 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/aej.v12i0.7558 

A review on the role of 3D printing in the fight against COVID-19: safety and challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sapam Ningthemba Singh ◽  
Vavilada Satya Swamy Venkatesh ◽  
Ashish Bhalchandra Deoghare
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Safety And Reliability ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Purpose During the COVID-19 pandemic, the three-dimensional (3D) printing community is actively participating to address the supply chain gap of essential medical supplies such as face masks, face shields, door adapters, test swabs and ventilator valves. This paper aims to present a comprehensive study on the role of 3D printing during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, its safety and its challenges. Design/methodology/approach This review paper focuses on the applications of 3D printing in the fight against COVID-19 along with the safety and challenges associated with 3D printing to fight COVID-19. The literature presented in this paper is collected from the journal indexing engines including Scopus, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, PubMed, Web of Science, etc. The main keywords used for searches were 3D printing COVID-19, Safety of 3D printed parts, Sustainability of 3D printing, etc. Further possible iterations of the keywords were used to collect the literature. Findings The applications of 3D printing in the fight against COVID-19 are 3D printed face masks, shields, ventilator valves, test swabs, drug deliveries and hands-free door adapters. As most of these measures are implemented hastily, the safety and reliability of these parts often lacked approval. The safety concerns include the safety of the printed parts, operators and secondary personnel such as the workers in material preparation and transportation. The future challenges include sustainability of the process, long term supply chain, intellectual property and royalty-free models, etc. Originality/value This paper presents a comprehensive study on the applications of 3D printing in the fight against COVID-19 with emphasis on the safety and challenges in it.

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