Entropy and Algorithm of Obtaining Decision Trees in a Way Approximated to the Natural Intelligence

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Popova ◽  
Boris Popov ◽  
Vladimir Karandey ◽  
Alexander Gerashchenko
Keyword(s):  
Decision Trees ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Previous Knowledge ◽  
Suggested Algorithm ◽  
Current Task ◽  
The Subject ◽  
A Current

The classification of knowledge of a specified subject area is an actual task. The well-known methods of obtaining decision trees using entropy are not suitable for the classification of the subject area knowledge. So, a new algorithm of obtaining decision trees, whose way of obtaining is approximated to the natural intelligence, is suggested in the article. Here, the knowledge of a subject area is presented as a complex of answers to questions, which help to find the solution to a current task. The connection of entropy with the appearance of knowledge, the classification of previous knowledge, and the definitions used in decision trees are also analyzed in the article. The latter is necessary to compare the suggested algorithm approximated to the natural intelligence with the traditional method, using a small example. The article contains the analysis of solving a classification task for such a subject area as optimization methods.

DATA MINING FOR VALIDATION IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING: AN EXAMPLE

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 407-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIRA KAJKO-MATTSSON ◽  
NED CHAPIN
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Software Engineering ◽  
Software Maintenance ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Maturity Model ◽  
Engineering Studies ◽  
Objective Classification ◽  
The Subject

Consider two independently done software engineering studies that used different approaches to cover some of the same subject area, such as software maintenance. Although done differently and for different purposes, to what extent can each study serve as a validation of the other? Within the scope of the subject area overlap, data mining can be applied to provide a quantitative assessment. This paper reports on the data mining that attempted to cross validate two independently done and published software engineering studies of software maintenance, one on a corrective maintenance maturity model, and the other on an objective classification of software maintenance activities. The data mining established that each of the two independently done studies effectively and very strongly validates the other.

Generalized Classification of Vulnerabilities of Interfaces to the Transport Infrastructure of the Smart City

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 330-336
Author(s):  
K. E. Izrailov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Interface Devices

We consider the problem of classifying the vulnerabilities present in interface devices that are used in the interaction of people and components of the transport infrastructure of the Smart City. A conceptual model of the terminological base of the subject area is introduced, on the basis of which a unified classification of vulnerabilities is synthesized. A formal record of vulnerability classes is given, as well as their examples.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF QUALIFIERS IN THE SYSTEMS OF MEASUREMENT OF THE LEVEL OF EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy M. Bogachkov ◽  
Pavlo S. Ukhan
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Educational Achievements ◽  
The Subject

The problems of application of qualifiers at designing and application of systems of measurement of a level of educational achievements are considered. The scheme of classification of domains of test tasks which allows to decide main problems, such as "Mobility" of structuring the subject area, uncertainty of detalization depth, dynamic change of classification tags quantity, possibility of existence of the several interconnected classifications of the same set of objects is offered.

scholarly journals Application of Deep Learning Methods in Cybersecurity Tasks. Part 2

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Diana Gaifulina ◽  
◽  
Igor Kotenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Network Traffic Analysis ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Subject

The purpose of the article: comparative analysis of methods for solving various cybersecurity problems based on the use of deep learning algorithms. Research method: Systematic analysis of modern methods of deep learning in various cybersecurity applications, including intrusion and malware detection, network traffic analysis, and some other tasks. The result obtained: classification scheme of the considered approaches to deep learning in cybersecurity, and their comparative characteristics by the used models, characteristics, and data sets. The analysis showed that many deeper architectures with a large number of neurons on each layer show better results. Recommendations are given for using deep learning methods in cybersecurity applications. The main contribution of the authors to the research of deep learning methods for cybersecurity tasks is the classification of the subject area; conducting a general and comparative analysis of existing approaches that reflect the current state of scientific research.

scholarly journals The evolution of free economic zones in Russian Federation as a determinant of regional development

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
Maria Ignatieva ◽  
Yan Shokin
Keyword(s):  
Subject Area ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Qualitative Level ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Economic Zones ◽  
The Impact

In the context of a steady increase in the mutual dependence between the economic systems of various countries, the identification and quantitative analysis of key parameters determining the quality of development of the economic environment of individual states are becoming increasingly relevant; at the same time, it is certain that, not least, the qualitative level of the country's economic development is determined by the effective functioning of the territories of innovative development, that is, free economic zones.The report provides a detailed description of the subject area, namely, the classification of modern Russian SEZs and an overview of the main factors of their development; a set of factors is proposed for analyzing the impact of the functioning of SEZs on regional and macroeconomic indicators with the aim of further developing a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the functioning of free economic zones.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTATION OF THE APPROACH TO ONTOLOGICAL MODELING OF THE MUSICAL SUPERGENRE “METAL”

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Dariia Zelinska ◽  
Vladyslav Girdvainis ◽  
Olexiy Silagin
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Semantic Search ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Knowledge Model ◽  
Web Resource ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
The Subject

Background. The relevance of the article is due to the development of modern ontological methods of structuring information and the need to systematize data in many new specific subject areas. Such subject areas include the musical art of the "metal" variety, which is quite common today, but insufficiently studied within the terminology. The subject of the article are ontological models and tools for creating ontological knowledge bases. Objective. The purpose of the paper is to increase the correctness of the semantic search in the knowledge base of the musical supergenre "metal". The scientific problem is the need to improve the terminology in this subject area and build an ontological knowledge model that increases the accuracy of information retrieval for the target audience, compared to the existing relational model implemented on one of the known web resources.  Methods. Classification method, generalization method, software optimization methods, analytical method. The way to solve the problem: selection based on the comparative characteristics of the best web resource of the subject area and identifying the shortcomings of its model of knowledge representation, designing an ontological knowledge model and testing its effectiveness.  Results. The average SUM for all users is 83.85%, which is a good indicator for ontological knowledge bases. At the same time, a similar method of checking the database of the supergenre "metal" on the basis of the site "Encyclopedia Metallum", which used the classical relational model of database organization, showed much lower results. Thus, the average SUM for 10 users was 75.32%, respectively.  Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is as follows: For the first time an ontological model (ontology) of the subject area was created: musical supergenre "metal", which showed much higher efficiency of semantic search than the best relational model of this subject area, implemented as a web resource. The developed structure can be used to create ontologies of related musical supergenres with similar terminology. Future research also plans to integrate this ontological knowledge model with applied web-based and desktop applications.

scholarly journals School Atlas with Augmented Reality

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikola Yonov
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Resources ◽  
Previous Knowledge ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
A Current ◽  
Effect Learning

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The aim of the paper is to describe the technology of creating and adding Augmented Reality to school atlas. No new atlas was created and there is no need of creating one. A current school atlas is used as a base for adding Augmented Reality. Different software, applications and tools for creating AR are presented for Windows, Android and iOS. All of them do not require previous knowledge of programming and are generally easier to use. The steps which a cartographer has to go through are presented, as well as the problems he/she meets and needs to solve in creating an atlas with AR. A classification of Augmented Reality devices is presented. A description of how the use of such technologies act as learning resources for students and its capability to effect learning outcomes is also presented.</p>

scholarly journals Obtaining the Dynamic Coefficients of Structuredness for Assessing a Domain

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Calculated Data ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Traditional Algorithm ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Structured Information ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Area Optimization

Today, effective management of information requires an in-depth study of its internal organization. The structural organization of information affects the efficiency of choosing a method for solving the problem and the qualitative presentation of information about the subject area. Therefore, the article proposes a new semiotic structural approach to assessing the structuredness of information in a subject area, as well as theoretical, practical, and general logical methods for studying the process of search research as a single system. The authors proposed and investigated the structured information coeffi-cient, which the authors propose to consider in several aspects - with respect to the search research model presented by the traditional algorithm, and the structured subject area. The article presents theo-retical positions, derives the formula of coefficients for different cases, carries out calculations on the example of the subject area “optimization methods”, constructs graphs based on the calculated data, and draws conclusions.

scholarly journals PARAMETRIC OPTIMIZATION METHOD FOR WIDE NEURAL NETWORKS USING GENETIC ALGORITHMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
D.A. Trokoz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Parametric Optimization ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Target Problem ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
The Subject

In many complex technical problems, the number of parameters available for analysis is in the thousands. At the same time, depending on the specifics of the problem being solved, usually the number of key parameters, that is, parameters that have a significant impact on the processes associated with the target problem, does not exceed several tens. However, determining a subset of these parameters from those available in itself is a difficult task, which in most cases is solved with the assistance of experts in the relevant subject area. This paper proposes a parametric optimization method that can be used for wide neural networks, that is, neural networks with a large number of neurons in a layer. This method uses evolutionary optimization methods, namely, genetic algorithms, together with the method of invariant data representation in wide neural networks, using the algebra of hyperdimensional binary vectors, due to which, when the number of parameters of a neural network model changes during optimization, its topology does not change. At the same time, the more parameters are included in the model, the less accurately their values are transmitted, thus, in the course of optimization, a balance is achieved between the composition, number and accuracy of the parameters of the target problem. The proposed method does not require the participation of an expert corresponding to the subject area, allowing the process of parametric optimization to be fully automated.

scholarly journals Problem-Based Teaching of Philosophy (on the Example of Lviv National Polytech)

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-198
Author(s):  
Ihor Karivets
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Educational Material ◽  
Previous Knowledge ◽  
Philosophical Concept ◽  
Student Groups ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Problematic Situations ◽  
Interest And Motivation

The reform of higher education continues in Ukraine more than a year; however it does not pay much attention to the changes in the teaching of philosophy.  In the article the author investigates different technologies of the problem-based teaching of philosophy and its methods, substantiates the necessity of introducing such technologies in the teaching of philosophy and also shows the specifics of the application of such technologies during the teaching of philosophy at the Lviv National Polytechnic University. Any problem-based education is searching and cognition of unknown. It is based on mental, volitional, and emotional activity, but, above all, it requires to be interested in the subject of study. The author stresses that problem-based education can be practiced in small student groups, which have the sufficient level of interest and motivation to study philosophy. Also, the author introduces his own classification of problem solving tasks in teaching of philosophy, which will help to apply educational material in accordance with the level of students, for example: 1) problematic situations that contribute to the formulation of new concepts (they help to generalize all previous knowledge and extract  from it a new one); 2) historical and philosophical problematic situations - these are situations based on historical and philosophical material, when students compare the solution of some philosophical problem in the philosophy of a certain epoch, compare the approaches of different philosophers; 3) developmental problematic situations which help students to understand the logic of defining some philosophical concept, to understand one or another philosopher and his methods of creating concepts.

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