scholarly journals Higher-precision experimental statistics for the selection of early and upright common bean lines

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e42725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nerinéia Dalfollo Ribeiro ◽  
Skarlet De Marco Steckling ◽  
Sandra Maria Maziero ◽  
Greice Rosana Klasener
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
F Test ◽  
Selection Of

The development of early and upright common bean cultivars is necessary to meet the demand of producers. The objectives of this work were to evaluate more precise experimental statistics for the selection of early and upright common bean lines and identify the traits that provide better genetic differentiation between lines. For this purpose, 156 common bean lines of different grain colours were evaluated in 23 experiments carried out in the southern region of Brazil between 1998 and 2015. The traits related to earliness (flowering and cycle) and upright plant architecture (lodging, insertion of the first pod and insertion of the last pod) were evaluated with high experimental precision by determining F-test values for genotype (Fc), heritability (h2), and selective accuracy (SA). In the experiments with Fc ≥ 2.00, h2 ≥ 49.00%, and SA ≥ 0.70, the best genetic differentiation of early common bean lines was performed by the cycle; and the best genetic differentiation of common bean lines with upright plant architecture was carried out by the insertion of the first and the last pod.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and selection of genotypes to enhance Zn and Fe content in common bean

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z I Talukder ◽  
E Anderson ◽  
P N Miklas ◽  
M W Blair ◽  
J Osorno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Discriminatory Ability ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Mapping Populations ◽  
Selection Of

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important source of dietary protein and minerals worldwide. Genes conditioning variability for mineral contents are not clearly understood. Our ultimate goal is to identify genes conditioning genetic variation for Zn and Fe content. To establish mapping populations for this objective, we tested mineral content of 29 common bean genotypes. Chemical analyses revealed significant genetic variability for seed Zn and Fe contents among the genotypes. Genetic diversity was evaluated with 49 primer pairs, of which 23 were simple sequence repeats (SSR), 16 were developed from tentative consensus (TC) sequences, and 10 were generated from common bean NBS-LRR gene sequences. The discriminatory ability of molecular markers for identifying allelic variation among genotypes was estimated by polymorphism information content (PIC) and the genetic diversity was measured from genetic similarities between genotypes. Primers developed from NBS-LRR gene sequences were highly polymorphic in both PIC values and number of alleles (0.82 and 5.3), followed by SSRs (0.56 and 3.0), and markers developed from TC (0.39 and 2.0). genetic similarity values between genotypes ranged from 14.0 (JaloEEP558 and DOR364) to 91.4 (MIB152 and MIB465). Cluster analysis clearly discriminated the genotypes into Mesoamerican and Andean gene pools. Common bean genotypes were selected to include in crossing to enhance seed Zn and Fe content based on genetic diversity and seed mineral contents of the genotypes. Key words: Common bean, genetic diversity, mineral nutrients, breeding

Wheat breeding history reveals synergistic selection of pleiotropic genomic sites for plant architecture and grain yield

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aili Li ◽  
Chenyang Hao ◽  
Zhenyu Wang ◽  
Shuaifeng Geng ◽  
Meiling Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Breeding History ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Recurrent mass selection for upright plant architecture in common bean

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Paulo Miranda Pires ◽  
Magno Antonio Patto Ramalho ◽  
Ângela de Fátima Barbosa Abreu ◽  
Monica Christina Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Mass Selection ◽  
Selection For

scholarly journals Variability of root traits in common bean genotypes at different levels of phosphorus supply and ontogenetic stages

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1170-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto dos Santos Trindade ◽  
Adelson Paulo Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Root Area ◽  
Ontogenetic Stages ◽  
Growth Habits ◽  
Selection Of

Selection of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars with enhanced root growth would be a strategy for increasing P uptake and grain yield in tropical soils, but the strong plasticity of root traits may compromise their inclusion in breeding programs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the magnitude of the genotypic variability of root traits in common bean plants at two ontogenetic stages and two soil P levels. Twenty-four common bean genotypes, comprising the four growth habits that exist in the species and two wild genotypes, were grown in 4 kg pots at two levels of applied P (20 and 80 mg kg-1) and harvested at the stages of pod setting and early pod filling. Root area and root length were measured by digital image analysis. Significant genotype × P level and genotype × harvest interactions in analysis of variance indicate that the genotypic variation of root traits depended on soil nutrient availability and the stage at which evaluation was made. Genotypes differed for taproot mass, basal and lateral root mass, root area and root length at both P levels and growth stages; differences in specific root area and length were small. Genotypes with growth habits II (upright indeterminate) and III (prostrate indeterminate) showed better adaptation to limited P supply than genotypes of groups I (determinate) and IV (indeterminate climbing). Between the two harvests, genotypes of groups II and III increased the mass of basal and lateral roots by 40 and 50 %, respectively, whereas genotypes of groups I and IV by only 7 and 19 %. Values of the genotypic coefficient of determination, which estimates the proportion of phenotypic variance resulting from genetic effects, were higher at early pod filling than at pod setting. Correlations between shoot mass and root mass, which could indicate indirect selection of root systems via aboveground biomass, were higher at early pod filling than at pod setting. The results indicate that selection for root traits in common bean genotypes should preferentially be performed at the early pod-filling stage.

Simultaneous selection for high yield and stability in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) genotypes

2002 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. MEKBIB
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Simultaneous Selection ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Stability Statistics ◽  
Selection Of

Phenotypic yield stability is a trait of special interest for plant breeders and farmers. This value can be quantified if genotypes are evaluated in different environments. Common bean is the main cash crop and protein source of farmers in many lowland and mid-altitude areas of Ethiopia. An experiment was undertaken to evaluate common bean genotypes for yield performance at Alemaya, Bako and Nazreth in Ethiopia for 3 years. The yield performance of genotypes was subjected to stability analysis and yield-stability statistics were generated to aid the selection of genotypes that were high yielding and very stable. The significant genotype by environment interaction indicated that the relative performance of the varieties altered in the different environments. Genotype yield performance varied ranging from 1511–2216 kg/ha. Simultaneous selection for yield and yield-stability statistics using YS(i) statistics indicated that A 410, GLP x92, Mx-2500-19, G 2816, A-195, 997-CH-1173, Diacol calima, ICA 15541 and AND 635 were both high yielding and stable. Following this study, using farmers’ evaluation and other criteria, GLP x92 and G-2816 were identified as preferred genotypes and were released for further production.

scholarly journals Selection of Pasture Species at Paddy Field in Southern Region of Korea

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee-Chung Ji ◽  
Oh-Doo Kwon ◽  
Won-Hoo Kim ◽  
Young-Chul Lim ◽  
Jung-Ho Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Paddy Field ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Natural Selection of Plasmodium vivax Duffy Binding Protein-II From China-Myanmar Border of Yunnan Province, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian-Qi Shi ◽  
Hai-Mo Shen ◽  
Shen-Bo Chen ◽  
Kokouvi Kassegne ◽  
Yan-Bing Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Positive Selection ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Duffy Binding Protein ◽  
Synonymous Mutations ◽  
Selection Of

Malaria incidence has declined dramatically over the past decade and China was certified malaria-free in 2021. However, the presence of malaria in border areas and the importation of cases of malaria parasites are major challenges for the consolidation of the achievements made by China. Plasmodium vivax Duffy binding protein (PvDBP) performs a significant role in erythrocyte invasion, and is considered a promising P. vivax vaccine. However, the highly polymorphic region of PvDBP (PvDBP-II) impedes the development of blood-stage vaccine against P. vivax. In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity and natural selection of PvDBP-II among 124 P. vivax isolates collected from the China-Myanmar border (CMB) in Yunnan Province, China, during 2009–2011. To compare genetic diversity, natural selection, and population structure with CMB isolates, 85 pvdbp-II sequences of eastern Myanmar isolates were obtained from GenBank. In addition, global sequences of pvdbp-II were retrieved from GenBank to establish genetic differentiation relationships and networks with the CMB isolates. In total, 22 single nucleotide polymorphisms reflected in 20 non-synonymous and two synonymous mutations were identified. The overall nucleotide diversity of PvDBP-II from the 124 CMB isolates was 0.0059 with 21 haplotypes identified (Hd = 0.91). The high ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous mutations suggests that PvDBP-II had evolved under positive selection. Population structure analysis of the CMB and eastern Myanmar isolates were optimally grouped into five sub-populations (K = 5). Polymorphisms of PvDBP-II display that CMB isolates were genetically diverse. Mutation, recombination, and positive selection promote polymorphism of PvDBP-II of P. vivax population. Although low-level genetic differentiation in eastern Myanmar was identified along with the more effective malaria control measures, the complexity of population structure in malaria parasites has maintained. In conclusion, findings from this study advance knowledge of the understanding of the dynamic of P. vivax population, which will contribute to guiding the rational design of a PvDBP-II based vaccine.

scholarly journals Genetic Transformation of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) with theGusColor Marker, theBarHerbicide Resistance, and the Barley (Hordeum vulgare)HVA1Drought Tolerance Genes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingdom Kwapata ◽  
Thang Nguyen ◽  
Mariam Sticklen
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Late Embryogenesis Abundant ◽  
Shoot Meristem ◽  
Late Embryogenesis Abundant Protein ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Late Embryogenesis ◽  
Color Marker ◽  
Selection Of

Five common bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) varieties including “Condor,” “Matterhorn,” “Sedona,” “Olathe,” and “Montcalm” were genetically transformed via the Biolistic bombardment of the apical shoot meristem primordium. Transgenes includedguscolor marker which visually confirmed transgenic events, thebarherbicide resistance selectable marker used forin vitroselection of transgenic cultures and which confirmed Liberty herbicide resistant plants, and the barley (Hordeum vulgare) late embryogenesis abundant protein (HVA1) which conferred drought tolerance with a corresponding increase in root length of transgenic plants. Research presented here might assist in production of betterP. vulgarisgermplasm.

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