Design and Implementation of a Microprocessor-Based Sequencer for a Small-Scale Groundnut Oil Production Plant

2007 ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
M.O. Eyinagho
Keyword(s):  
Oil Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Groundnut Oil ◽  
Design And Implementation

scholarly journals Development of a design and implementation process for the integration of hydrokinetic devices into existing infrastructure in South Africa

Water SA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (3 July) ◽  
Author(s):  
CM Niebuhr ◽  
M Van Dijk ◽  
JN Bhagwan
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Irrigation Canal ◽  
Water Infrastructure ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Modular Units

In South Africa there is currently no notable use of modern small-scale hydrokinetic (HK) energy systems, mainly due to formerly low-cost coal-powered electricity. This renewable energy option makes use of the kinetic energy from flowing water, rather than potential energy, which is more often used in conventional hydropower. Updated refined versions of this technology are now being investigated and manufactured due to the global drive towards reducing carbon emissions and increasing energy efficiency. These modular units allow for installation of HK turbines into existing water infrastructure with very little civil works. The study’s objective was to develop a simplified design and implementation process for HK devices within the South African legislative and regulatory environment. Approximately 66% of South Africa’s water supply is used by the agricultural sector with more than 6 500 km of canal systems running through many areas which could benefit from alternative energy sources. The recent electricity crisis in the country allowed for problem resolution through funding opportunities and thereby an introduction of an innovative and sustainable technology to provide renewable electricity where otherwise not feasible. A pilot HK project was implemented in an applicable section on the Boegoeberg irrigation canal in the Northern Cape Province and tested for optimum functionality and correct application. This process allowed evolution of a development process for the implementation of HK devices in existing water infrastructure.

scholarly journals Sustainable Environmental Management and Valorization Options for Olive Mill Byproducts in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 671
Author(s):  
Adnan Khdair ◽  
Ghaida Abu-Rumman
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Important Benefit ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Olive Mill

Cultivation of olive trees and olive oil production have been considered as a legacy for the Mediterranean region. This custom represents a very important benefit for many nations in terms of wealth and health. However, huge amounts of by-products and waste are generated during olive oil production. This represents a serious environmental impact on land and water bodies if not properly handled. Olive oil extraction generates two waste streams, a solid waste called pomace and olive mill wastewater (OMWW), which has been considered as highly pollutant and phytotoxic waste. These wastes have high disposal costs and predominantly generated from small-scale enterprises that have limited financial resources to treat them properly before discharge to the environment. Besides being a serious environmental problem, OMWW has potential economic value that remains to be utilized such as: fertilizers, valuable antioxidants agents and fatty acids needed in human diet. Also, Olive pomace is a valuable renewable energy source with an energy density of 23 MJ/kg and has become an inexpensive alternative for fossil fuels. Aiming at adding value to the olive production sectors and potential valorization options for byproducts in the MENA region, international practices applied in olive mills wastes management’s and treatment methods used in major oil producing countries are presented.

scholarly journals Interdisciplinary Concepts for Design and Implementation of Mixed Reality Interactive Neurorehabilitation Systems for Stroke

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Baran ◽  
Nicole Lehrer ◽  
Margaret Duff ◽  
Vinay Venkataraman ◽  
Pavan Turaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Clear Indication ◽  
Media Arts ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Interactive Computing ◽  
Scalable Design

Interactive neurorehabilitation (INR) systems provide therapy that can evaluate and deliver feedback on a patient's movement computationally. There are currently many approaches to INR design and implementation, without a clear indication of which methods to utilize best. This article presents key interactive computing, motor learning, and media arts concepts utilized by an interdisciplinary group to develop adaptive, mixed reality INR systems for upper extremity therapy of patients with stroke. Two INR systems are used as examples to show how the concepts can be applied within: (1) a small-scale INR clinical study that achieved integrated improvement of movement quality and functionality through continuously supervised therapy and (2) a pilot study that achieved improvement of clinical scores with minimal supervision. The notion is proposed that some of the successful approaches developed and tested within these systems can form the basis of a scalable design methodology for other INR systems. A coherent approach to INR design is needed to facilitate the use of the systems by physical therapists, increase the number of successful INR studies, and generate rich clinical data that can inform the development of best practices for use of INR in physical therapy.

scholarly journals The Effect of Multi-Scale Faults and Fractures on Oil Enrichment and Production in Tight Sandstone Reservoirs: A Case Study in the Southwestern Ordos Basin, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianbo Zeng ◽  
Wenya Lyu ◽  
Yunzhao Zhang ◽  
Guoping Liu ◽  
Shaoqun Dong
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Ordos Basin ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Tight Sandstone ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Multi Scale

The Chang 8 Member of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the southwestern Ordos Basin is a typical tight sandstone reservoir and has an average porosity of 8.60% and air permeability 0.20 mD. Multi-scale faults and fractures are widely developed in these reservoirs. In this study, three-dimensional seismic data, outcrops, cores, imaging logs, and thin sections were used to classify faults and fractures at multiple scales. Combined with the oil production data, the influence of multi-scale faults and fractures on the oil enrichment and production was analyzed. The results show multi-scale faults and fractures can be divided into six levels: type-I faults, type-II faults, large-scale fractures, mesoscale fractures, small-scale fractures, and micro-scale fractures. As the scale decreases, the number of fractures increases in a power function. Type-I faults cut the caprocks and are not conducive to the preservation of oil. Type-II faults connect the source rocks and reservoirs and are migration channels of the oil source. Large-scale fractures cut the mudstone interlayer and are the seepage channel inside the reservoir. Mesoscale fractures are controlled by thick interlayers, and small-scale fractures are restricted by thin interlayers or layer interfaces. These fractures are the main seepage channels and effective storage spaces. Micro-scale fractures serve as important storage spaces for these reservoirs. The case study of oil reservoir development proves that type-I faults have the greatest impact on fluid flow, while wells drilled into the type-II faults zone have a higher oil production capacity. The oil production changes with the development degree of fractures in different scales, strikes, and positions of faults. Meso- and small-scale fractures are the key to influencing the early single-well production, and micro-scale fractures are conducive to the stable production of single wells. Consequently, multi-scale faults and fractures have significantly different effects on the oil enrichment and production of tight sandstone reservoirs, and the research conclusions can guide to the exploration and development of such similar reservoirs.

scholarly journals Research on solutions for connecting to marginal fields at Cuu Long basin to process and transport the products basing on existing petroleum technology and equipment

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (3a) ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Thinh Van Nguyen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Oil Drilling ◽  
Doi Moi ◽  
Oil Deposits

The Cuu Long basin is equiped with infrastructures and processing facilities serving for large-scale crude oil drilling and production operations. However, most of resevoirs in this area are now depleted, it means that they have reached their peaks and started to undergo decreasing productivity, which lead to a noticable excess capicity of equipment. In order to benefit from those declined oil fieds and maximize performance of platforms, solutions to connect marginal fields have been suggested and employed. Of which, connecting Ca Ngu Vang wellhead platform to the CPP -3 at Bach Ho oil field; platforms RC-04 and RC-DM at Nam Rong - Doi Moi oil filed to RC-1 platform at Rong oil field; wellhead platforms at Hai Su Den and Hai Su Trang oil fields to H4-TGT platform at Te Giac Trang oil field are typical examples of success. Optimistic achivements gained recently urges us to carry out this work with the aim to improve oil production of small reserves and to make best use of existing petroleum technology and equipment at the basin. Results of the research contribute an important part in the commence of producing small-scale oil deposits economically.

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