scholarly journals Malacky - Character Change of a Small Town in the 2nd Half of the 20th Century

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Romana Fialová
Keyword(s):  
Small Town ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Technical Production ◽  
The City ◽  
Housing Estates ◽  
Second World ◽  
The Way

The paper presents the view of the situation in a small town that started to develop dynamically in the second half of the 20th century. Until then, the town Malacky made a reservoir of labor for the near capital - Bratislava city. Social changes after the Second World War and the development of production technology had a deep impact on the city. This impact is visible up to these days. New times brought the development of industry and concentration of production, that led to new job opportunities. It attracted people of the surrounding area. This situation led to the housing crises. The way out of this situation was the construction of new urban structures and extensive housing estates of residential buildings, which inexorably replaced the original buildings. Part of the historic organism of the city was demolished and new buildings were formed directly in the city center. Rationalization and pragmatic solutions were dominating, they better met the demands and requirements of the society and material and technical production possibilities at that time. After several years there have been consequences of the situation which prioritize only selected aspects of housing. These residential complexes are the document of the way of society life in the second half of the 20th century, as well as the evidence of abilities of architects and urban planners who were created in the conditions of centrally planned construction.

scholarly journals Development of urban areas of the Russian Federation on the Trans-Siberian Railway: town-planning a railroad role in the city of Krasnoyarsk.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgine Petrosyan ◽  
Ekaterina Kilina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Railroad Workers ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City ◽  
Second World

Not populated or low-populated territories development due to the railroads construction exerted considerable impact on regional planning of the country. Construction of the Great Siberian way – the Trans-Siberian Railway was one of the significant events of the end of the 19th century. Numerous new settlements and the cities, such as Novosobirsk, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk appeared on the map of the country. Krasnoyarsk began to develop violently and grew by 270% after railroad construction in 1897 - 1911 years. New created structure of resettlement entailed industry development.  A lot of the new productions were transported from the central part of the country during the Second World War. Factories were accommodated along the railroad generally. The majority of objects of cultural railway heritage remained on the railroads territories in present time. The pioneer settlement of railroad workers in the city of Krasnoyarsk – is the Nikolaevskaya sloboda escaped. Typically Siberian residential buildings and style life still characteristic for that unique area. The strategies of the renovation of the area Nikolaevskaya sloboda oriented toward the tourist quarter of the Siberian city is required. Development of the city continues. Krasnoyarsk, thanks to the railroad, became the million plus city. Light rail transport, rewatching municipal warehouse territories under cultural clusters, business and residential districts is supposed in the future. Development process is oriented to transformation of the transport oriented district (TOD).

scholarly journals Znaczenie kolejnych lokalizacji przystani promów na wyspie Hongkong na tle przemian społecznych i kształtowania się lokalnej tożsamości

Politeja ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 14 (1(46)) ◽  
pp. 329-351
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Osińska
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
The Public ◽  
Spatial Practice ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City ◽  
Rights To The City ◽  
Second World

The meaning of Piers’ locations at Hong Kong Island in the background of social change and the process of shaping of local identity The aim of this paper is to understand the meaning of the Star Ferry and Queen’s Pier locations for the process of shaping Hong Kong identity and why unlike in previous similar cases, the latest removal of the Star Ferry and Queen’s Pier met with resistance from Hong Kong citizens. Looking at Piers of the saga from the historical perspective, it is found that spatial practice of the pre‑Second World War (WWII) piers was a mirror of a colonial and racially segregated city. The public space in the commercial heart of Hong Kong that housed the previous generations of piers was not accessible to the Chinese community, thus denying them rights to the city. It was only after WWII when the Government carried out further reclamation to meet the needs of an industrialising economy that inclusive public spaces were conceived in the commercial heart, enabling the general public to enjoy the city. Therefore when the Government decided to remove this very first public space in the political and economic heart of the city to conceive further reclamation for restructuring the economy, the citizens were determined to defend it. Piers were a physical and mental border of the two worlds, the edge of the city. With the social changes after WWII they were transformed into symbolic centres with a crucial meaning for shaping of the Hong Kong identity.

scholarly journals Sustainable Urban Regeneration of Public Realm in Historical Cities Centers

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Yasmine Kamal Aouf
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
The Public ◽  
Local Character ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Conservation Projects ◽  
The City

Sustainable development presents one of the most complex challenges in Egypt in particular of keeping up with the global march. According to what Egypt possesses of original cultural spatial components, the need has necessitated taking care of the investments, but in a sustainable way in the historical cities centers where its possession of cultural spatial elements with high economic importance. However, Egyptian historical centers have suffered from Degradation and dissipation of energies and capabilities resulting from the negligence of urban conservation projects, and its incompatibility with the ongoing social changes. The pathway taken by urban development have been considered as incomprehensive methods for all the levels of effect of the historical centers.These levels are the international, national and local levels with the Totalitarian goals for the city and the national economy which has been aimed at the methods of conservation of the urban in the domain of the historical area only. That narrow perspective hasn’t achieved an increase in economical and job opportunities, without relying on the attracting the investments and tourism that can achieve a change of the value of the targeted area from the actual value towards the highest probable value. The historic core is considered as an attraction for the tourism activities but in the centers of the Egyptian cities, the public realms are the outcomes of the undersigned remaining realms. Therefore, they cannot perform their function as public spaces expressing the local character, as they are the center of social relations and cultural product. The research paper has dealt with the Urban Regeneration of the public realm and analytical applied survey study on the heritage core of the city Rashid. The research ends with a number of recommendations related to dealing with the basis of urban regeneration of the public realm. Which have been applied on the historic core of Rasheed city.

Drezno w relacjach polskich osiemnastowiecznych peregrynantów. Rekonesans .

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 26-43
Author(s):  
Marcin Pliszka
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The City ◽  
The Way

The article analyses descriptions, memories, and notes on Dresden found in eighteenth-century accounts of Polish travellers. The overarching research objective is to capture the specificity of the way of presenting the city. The ways that Dresden is described are determined by genological diversity of texts, different ways of narration, the use of rhetorical repertoire, and the time of their creation. There are two dominant ways of presenting the city: the first one foregrounds the architectural and historical values, the second one revolves around social life and various kinds of games (redoubts, performances).

The Culture of Culture: Toward a German Variant of Performative Democracy

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S. Maier
Keyword(s):  
Small Town ◽  
German Language ◽  
Literary Critic ◽  
Elias Canetti ◽  
The Way

Marcel Reich-Ranicki, the German literary critic, recalls in hisrecent memoirs that at age ten, when he set out from his small townin Poland, his teacher said with tears in her eyes, “Mein Sohn, Dufährst in das Land der Kultur.” Elias Canetti recalled in the first volumeof his memoir—The Tongue Set Free—how when he was age eight,his mother, recently widowed, found fulfillment at the Burgtheaterand left Manchester to take up residence in Vienna. Was it just themagic of the German language that transported these Jews and madeliterary overachievers of their children? A vision of metropolitan cultureand assimilation? Culture was “the way ‘in,’” as Louis Spitzerputs it in his book on marginality, Lives in Between.

Jozef Duysans gevecht met den engel. Schermutselingen rond het graf van Paul Van Ostaijen

2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-328
Author(s):  
Armand Van Nimmen
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Nineteen Thirties ◽  
Public Monuments ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
Original Idea ◽  
The City ◽  
Second World

Deze bijdrage handelt over de perikelen in de jaren dertig rond het plan om het lichamelijk overschot van de Vlaamse dichter Paul Van Ostaijen over te brengen uit het klein Waals dorp waar hij in vergetelheid begraven lag onder een houten kruis naar zijn geboortestad Antwerpen. Daar zou hij herbegraven worden op de stedelijke begraafplaats Schoonselhof onder een gepaste denksteen. Zoals meermaals het geval is bij het oprichten van publieke monumenten, verliepen – wegens onderling gekibbel en gebrek aan financiële middelen – meer dan zes jaren vooraleer de oorspronkelijke idee kon verwezenlijkt worden.Aandacht in dit artikel gaat naar Jozef Duysan, bewonderaar van de dichter en uitgesproken flamingant, die een cruciale rol speelde in de conceptie en uitvoering van het initiatief. Ten slotte beschrijft het artikel hoe deze nu bijna totaal vergeten man tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog in het vaarwater geraakte van de collaboratie, fungeerde als directeur van het Arbeidsamt in Antwerpen, na de oorlog veroordeeld werd en jaren lang ondergedoken leefde in die stad.________Jozef Duysan’s battle with the angel: Skirmishes around the tomb of Paul Van OstaijenThis contribution reports the vicissitudes concerning the plan dating from the nineteen thirties to transfer the mortal remains of the Flemish poet Paul Van Ostaijen from the small Walloon village where he was buried in oblivion under a wooden cross to Antwerp, the city of his birth. He was to be reburied there on the municipal cemetery Schoonselhof under a fitting memorial headstone. As frequently happens on the occasion of creating public monuments, more than six years passed before the original idea could be carried out – because of internal bickering and lack of financial means. This article focuses on Jozef Duysan, an admirer of the poet and an explicit Flemish militant, who played a crucial role in the concept and realisation of the initiative. In conclusion the article recounts how this man who has been practically completely forgotten now,  ventured into the deep waters of the collaboration during the Second World War, how he acted as director of the Arbeidsamt in Antwerp and how he was convicted after the war and lived for many years in hiding in that city.

Reconstructing Europe’s Economy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew A. Shadle
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
Government Planning ◽  
Social Market ◽  
Second World

After the Second World War, Western Europeans had to rebuild their nations’ economies. This chapter describes the varieties of capitalism they adopted: social democratic, organicist, and social market. The chapter looks at how these economies differed in terms of property rights, government planning, labor relations, and social welfare. It illustrates a key insight of institutional economics: that there are a variety of capitalisms dependent on different institutional arrangements. The chapter also looks at important social changes, such as the increasing affluence of European society and the early stages of European integration. All these developments set the stage for postwar Catholic thinking about the economy.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Konstan
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Classical Antiquity ◽  
Ancient Ethics ◽  
Other Regarding ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
The Way

This chapter examines the tension in classical thought between reciprocity and altruism as the two fundamental grounds of interpersonal relations within the city and, to a lesser extent, between citizens and foreigners. It summarizes the chapters that follow, and examines in particular the ideas of altruism and egoism and defends their application to ancient ethics. Various attempts to reconcile the two, especially in respect to Aristotle’s conception of virtue as other-regarding, are considered, and with the relationship to modern concepts of “egoism” and “altruism” is explored. The introduction concludes by noting that one of the premises of the book is that, in classical antiquity, love was deemed to play a larger role in the way people accounted for motivation in a number of domains, including friendship, loyalty, gratitude, grief, and civic harmony.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Urban-Scale Building Energy-Use Models and Tools—Application for the City of Fribourg, Switzerland

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1595
Author(s):  
Valeria Todeschi ◽  
Roberto Boghetti ◽  
Jérôme H. Kämpf ◽  
Guglielmina Mutani
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Engineering Model ◽  
Building Energy Use ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Building energy-use models and tools can simulate and represent the distribution of energy consumption of buildings located in an urban area. The aim of these models is to simulate the energy performance of buildings at multiple temporal and spatial scales, taking into account both the building shape and the surrounding urban context. This paper investigates existing models by simulating the hourly space heating consumption of residential buildings in an urban environment. Existing bottom-up urban-energy models were applied to the city of Fribourg in order to evaluate the accuracy and flexibility of energy simulations. Two common energy-use models—a machine learning model and a GIS-based engineering model—were compared and evaluated against anonymized monitoring data. The study shows that the simulations were quite precise with an annual mean absolute percentage error of 12.8 and 19.3% for the machine learning and the GIS-based engineering model, respectively, on residential buildings built in different periods of construction. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis using the Morris method was carried out on the GIS-based engineering model in order to assess the impact of input variables on space heating consumption and to identify possible optimization opportunities of the existing model.

scholarly journals Parametric Design Structures in Low Rise Buildings in Relation to the Urban Context in UAE

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8595
Author(s):  
Lindita Bande ◽  
Abeer Alshamsi ◽  
Anoud Alhefeiti ◽  
Sarah Alderei ◽  
Sebah Shaban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Parametric Design ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Cost Evaluation ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Climate Index ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Al Ain ◽  
The City

The city of Al Ain (Abu Dhabi, UAE) has a mainly low rise residential buildings. Villas as part of a compound or separate units represent the majority of the residential areas in the city. Due to the harsh hot arid climate of Al Ain, the energy demand for the cooling load is quite high. Therefore, it is relevant finding new retrofit strategies that are efficient in reducing the cooling load of the villas. The aim of this study is to analyze one particular strategy (parametric shading structure) in terms of design, construction, cost, energy impact on the selected villa. The main data for this study is taken from the local sources. There are six steps followed in this analysis: case study analysis; climate analysis; parametric structure and PV panels; building energy consumption and outdoor thermal comfort; modelling, simulation, and validation; materials, construction, and cost evaluation. The model of the villa was validated for the full year 2020 based on the electricity bills obtained. After adding the parametric design structure, the reduction after shading is approximately 10%. Meanwhile the UTCI (Universal Thermal Climate Index) dropped from extreme heat stress to strong heat stress (average for the month of March and September). These findings are promising in the retrofit industry due to the advanced calculations used to optimize the parametric design structure.

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