Research on the Preparation of Low Water Zinc Borate

2013 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 650-654
Author(s):  
Ze Min Chen ◽  
Xue Chao Jiao ◽  
Jian Zhong Xu ◽  
Li Guang Che
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Sulfate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Zinc Borate ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Mixture Ratio ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Analysis Experiment ◽  
Single Factor Analysis ◽  
Good Agreement

Zinc Borate with low water is one of excellent inorganic flame retardant additives. Among Zinc Borate, ZB-2335 (2ZnO·3B2O3·3.5H2O) is widely used. The paper selects borax and Zinc sulfate as raw materials. Through orthogonal experiment and the single factor analysis experiment, the optimum technological conditions are determined: temperature is 338K, ZnSO4·7H2O and Na2B2O7·10H2O mixture ratio is 1:1.26, liquid and solid ratio is 6.5:1, reaction time is 6h. The product prepared under these conditions is in good agreement with theoretical value.

The Fabrication of Self-Assembled Film on Steel Surface

2013 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 674-678
Author(s):  
Ze Min Chen ◽  
Xue Chao Jiao ◽  
Xuan Zhou ◽  
Su Hong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Silane Coupling Agent ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Analysis Experiment ◽  
Silane Coupling ◽  
Single Factor Analysis ◽  
Self Assembled

Fabrication of self-assembled film used 792(silane coupling agent), citric acid, boric acid and triethanolamine as the main materials. Through orthogonal experiment and the single factor analysis experiment, the optimum technological conditions are 792 10mL·L-1, citric acid 24g·L-1, boric acid 8g·L-1, triethanolamine 7.5mL·L-1, temperature 20~21°C, time 10min. Simulated sea water (3% Sodium chloride) is applied to measure the effects of the film. The results show that the processing is simple, tank liquor is stable, and film is uniform, dense and colorless.

scholarly journals Improvement the Resveratrol Content of Germinated Peanut Drink by Lactic Acid Fermentation

2021 ◽  
pp. 262-273
Author(s):  
SongLok Uh ◽  
IlJin Kim ◽  
KiBong Kim ◽  
YongIl Seo ◽  
KilNam Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Acid Fermentation ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Single Factor Analysis ◽  
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

Because peanut is a legume of nutrient abundance and contains a wide variety of chemical constituents such as proteins, carbohydrates, fibers, fats, niacin, folate, thiamine, resveratrol, flavonoids, magnesium, and phosphorus, a lot of researcher focus the study on the peanut. Especially the peanut has high content of resveratrol, so the health benefits including anti-aging, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and the prevention of cardiovascular disease, therefore the study that the peanut is used to process food and treat disease carried out widely. In this study, the condition to optimize the process programmes of fermentative germinated peanut drink by response surface experiment and to increase resveratrol contents by lactic acid bacteria is determined. In order to improve the resvertrol contents of fermentative germinated peanut drink, was prepared by using four-day germinated peanut as raw materials?adding Lactobacillus and xylitol before pasteurized, fermentation and cold storge. By single factor analysis and response surface experiments, the optimum conditions for fermentative germinated peanut drink were the amount of inoculum 3.26%, the amount of xylitol 6.2%, the fermentation time 15h and the ratio of material to water 1:5(g/mL). Product quality was evaluated through sensory evaluation.  Investigate the change in resveratrol content of fermentative germinated peanut drink by HPLC. Resveratrol contents were increased from 674.22 ±2.47 μg/L to 815.82±4.53 μg/L in germination peanut drink after fermentation.

Study on the precision of the activated charcoal solvent desorption procedure - Correlation of desorption efficiencies

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1332-1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Koval
Keyword(s):  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Carbon Disulphide ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Standard Addition ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Single Factor Analysis ◽  
Acceptable Agreement

The described method uses activated charcoal sampling tubes for air sampling. Adsorbed compounds are eluted by the static desorption procedure with 1 ml of carbon disulphide, 0.5 ml of the supernatant is filtered off and, after internal standard addition, analysed on a gas chromatograph. Using synthetic calibration mixtures of model organic compounds with air, cumulative sampling and desorption efficiencies for 24 substances were determined for concentration ranges and sample volumes according to current Czechoslovak hygienic standards. Experimental results were treated with the single factor analysis of variance and the precision of the described procedure was estimated for the studied model compounds on the basis of residual sums of squares. Calculated values of cumulative sampling and desorption efficiencies and their precisions were compared with available published data and an acceptable agreement was found. In addition to that, cumulative sampling and desorption efficiencies were also found to be significantly correlated to molar volumes and other related molecular properties for some types of compounds.

scholarly journals Significance of pepsinogen in screening for gastric intestinal metaplasia in Guangdong, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 030006052199049
Author(s):  
Xujuan Liu ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Riyu Luo ◽  
Keran Mo ◽  
Xingxiang He
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
Risk Detection ◽  
Tree Models ◽  
Single Factor Analysis ◽  
Serological Biomarkers

Objective Diagnosis of gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) relies on gastroscopy and histopathologic biopsy, but their application in screening for GIM is limited. We aimed to identify serological biomarkers of GIM via screening in Guangdong, China. Methods Cross-sectional field and questionnaire data, demographic information, past medical history, and other relevant data were collected. Blood samples were collected for pepsinogen (PG)I, PGII, gastrin-17, and Helicobacter pylori antibody testing, and gastroscopy and histopathologic biopsy were performed. Single factor and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the correlation between these indicators and GIM, and decision tree models were used to determine the cut-off points between indicators. Results Of 443 participants enrolled, 87 (19.6%) were diagnosed with GIM. Single factor analysis showed that pepsin indicators (PGI, PGII, and PGI/PGII ratio) and the factors Mandarin as native language, urban residency, hyperlipidemia, and age were associated with GIM. Logistic regression analysis showed that PGI and age were associated with GIM. Conclusions Age is an important factor for predicting GIM progression; age >60 years increased its risk. Detection of GIM was higher in individuals with PGI levels >127.20 ng/mL, which could be used as a threshold indicating the need to perform gastroscopy and histopathologic biopsy.

scholarly journals Alkali-Activated Zeolite 4A Granules—Characterization and Suitability Assessment for the Application of Adsorption

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Pauls P. Argalis ◽  
Laura Vitola ◽  
Diana Bajare ◽  
Kristine Vegere
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Suitability Assessment ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Zeolite 4A ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Alkali Activated

A major problem in the field of adsorbents is that binders (kaolin clay, bentonite) introduced to bind zeolites and ensure the needed mechanical strength, are not able to sorb gases like CO2 and N2, and decrease the overall adsorption capacity. To solve this problem, one of the pathways is to introduce a binder able to sorb such gases. Thus, in this study, the physical and mechanical properties of a novel binder based on metakaolin and its composite with zeolite 4A in the granular form were studied. Metakaolin was used as a precursor for alkali-activated binder, which was synthesized using an 8M NaOH activation solution. Raw materials were characterized using granulometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential thermal analysis (DTA); and final products were characterized using density measurements, a compressive strength test, XRD, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Alkali-activated metakaolin was found to be efficient as a binding material when data for morphological properties were analyzed. A relationship was observed—by increasing the liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S), compressive strength decreased. Zeolite granule attrition was higher than expected: 2.42% and 4.55% for ZG-0.8, 3.64% and 5.76% for ZG-1.0, and 2.73% and 4.85% for ZG-1.2, measured at 4 and 5 atmospheres, respectively.

Recovery Value Metals from Mixed Spent Li-Ion Batteries

2014 ◽  
Vol 540 ◽  
pp. 267-271
Author(s):  
Xin Liu ◽  
Lin Yan Li ◽  
Fan Yun Zeng ◽  
Xue Jun Wang ◽  
Sheng Ming Xu
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Li Ion Batteries ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Leaching Condition ◽  
Addition Amount

With the rapid development and wide application of Li-ion batteries, cathode materials containing value metals Co, Ni and Mn are blended by several kind of metal oxide presently for pursuing high safe stability and low cost. The composition of spent Li-ion batteries has become complicated and optimum leaching condition varied. In this paper, leaching process for the mixture of pure LiCoO2and Li (Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2was studied. With an increase in component of LiCoO2in mixed materials, the optimum leaching condition varied as: temperature from 60°C to 90°C, H2O2addition amount from 0.54 to 0.75ml/g and liquid-solid ratio from 10 to 20. According to this result, a real mixed spent batteries materials was recovered by being leached in 2M H2SO4at temperature of 90°C, liquid-solid ratio 20 and 0.6ml/g H2O2added. The leaching efficiencies of Co, Ni, Mn, Li were 96.88%, 93.71%, 92.12%, 99.43% respectively. Cu, Al and Fe in solution were removed by precipitation and solvent extraction. Finally, Ni, Co, Mn were extracted by D2EHPA for separating with Na+and other impurities, which is used as a raw materials for preparation of cathode active materials in batteries.

scholarly journals A Study on Optimum Mixture Ratio of Reactive Powder Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingyang Chen ◽  
Wenzhong Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Steel Fiber ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Reactive Powder Concrete ◽  
Mixture Ratio ◽  
Curing Methods ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Cement Strength ◽  
Reactive Powder ◽  
Design Factors

To optimize the main components of reactive powder concrete (RPC) for various curing methods, based on the fluidity and compressive strength, an inclusive experimental research is conducted on 58 different mixture ratios. The results indicate that owing to the increase of the cement strength, the RPC fluidity decreases and the cement strength is not proportional to the compressive strength. The addition of the fly ash and the nano-microbead is an effective way to improve the fluidity, and it is required at the low W/B ratio. However, the influence of the SF grade on the strength and fluidity is almost negligible. By considering the fluidity, strength, and economy of RPC as crucial design factors, SF90 is suggested. The contribution of the steel fiber to the compressive strength cannot be ignored. The upper envelope value of the steel fibers is required for the structure to resist appropriately against the fire. According to the test results, the mixture ratio formula is proposed through considering the characters of different compositions and curing methods. The strength coefficient k1 is introduced to verify the influence of the steel fiber content, and the parameters fb, αa, and αb in the formula are reevaluated. A reasonably good agreement between the calculated strength and those obtained from the tests is reported, except for the case of W/B = 0.16 with P.O.52.5 cement. The basic steps for preparations of different RPC strengths are given, which provide a valuable reference to choose appropriate raw materials and mixture ratio design for different strength values.

scholarly journals Improving Strength and Quality of Epitendinous Repairs

Hand ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-501
Author(s):  
Angel Farinas ◽  
Michael Stephanides ◽  
Steven Schneeberger ◽  
Alonda Pollins ◽  
Nancy Cardwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Single Thread ◽  
A2 Pulley ◽  
Suture Thread ◽  
Single Factor Analysis ◽  
Single Suture

Background: Epitendinous sutures not only join the 2 severed tendon edges but also supply strength and support to the repair. Multiple techniques have been described, but none of them include another thread of suture. This could potentially increase the strength of the repair without affecting gliding. Methods: Caprine tendons were harvested, transected, and sutured with 6-0 Prolene. Four groups were created: single thread running (SR), single thread locking (SL), double thread running (DR), and double thread locking (DL). An Instron 5542 was used to pull the repaired tendons apart, and the energy at the break was calculated (gf/mm). For gliding resistance, we harvested a human A2 pulley. A pre- and postrepair value was obtained, and a ratio was elaborated. A single-factor analysis of variance and independent sample t tests were performed. Results: The SR group had a mean energy at break of 9339.71 ± 1630.212 gf/mm; the SL group, 9629.96 ± 1476.45 gf/mm; and the DR group, 9600.221 ± 976.087 gf/mm, with no statistical significance. The DL group was significantly higher at 14 740.664 ± 2596.586 gf/mm ( P < .05). When comparing SR with DL for gliding, SR had less than half of the resistance than DL (0.018 ± 0.004 and 0.049 ± 0.015 N/mm, respectively), with statistical significance ( P < .05). Conclusion: Using a single suture thread for running epitendinous repair is no different than locking with a single thread or using an extra thread in a running fashion. Performing a double suture thread with a locking technique is significantly stronger than the previously mentioned repairs, with the disadvantage of more resistance at the pulley.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Single Factor, Orthogonal and Characteristics of SRB Particles Fixed by Biologically Activated Lignite

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junzhen Di ◽  
Yangyang Jiang ◽  
Mingjia Wang ◽  
Yanrong Dong
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Isothermal Adsorption ◽  
Optimal Ratio ◽  
Mine Wastewater ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Rhodopseudomonas Spheroides

Abstract Aiming at the problems of insufficient supply of carbon source and toxic effect of heavy metal ions in the treatment of acid mine wastewater (AMD) by sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), immobilized particles were prepared with Rhodopseudomonas spheroides, SRB and lignite as the main raw materials, and the optimal ratio of immobilized particles was determined based on single factor test and orthogonal test. The adsorption experiment of immobilized particles was carried out under the optimal ratio, the reaction kinetic process and adsorption capacity of immobilized particles for different ions were analyzed, and the action mechanism was studied. The results show that lignite not only has good adsorption performance, but also can be used as the carbon source of SRB after degradation by Rhodopseudomonas spheroides, so as to solve the problems of low removal efficiency of AMD by SRB and insufficient supply of carbon source. When the dosage of lignite, Rhodopseudomonas spheroides and SRB is 3%, 10% and 10% respectively, and the particle size of lignite is 200 mesh, the overall treatment effect is the best. The removal rates of SO42-, Zn2+ and Cu2+ are 83.21%, 99.59% and 99.93% respectively, the pH is increased to 7.43, the release of COD is 523 mg/L, and the ORP number is -134 mV. The reduction process of SO42- by immobilized particles conforms to the pseudo first-order kinetics, the isothermal adsorption of Zn2+ more conforms to the Freundlich isothermal adsorption equation, and the adsorption kinetics of Zn2+ more conforms to the pseudo second-order kinetic model.

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