Performance and Emission Characteristics of Direct Injection C.I Engine Retrofitted with Mono-CNG System

2013 ◽  
Vol 446-447 ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahrul Azmir Osman ◽  
Ahmad Jais Alimin ◽  
Mohd Yusri Ismail ◽  
Koh Wern Hui
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Prime Movers ◽  
Smoke Opacity ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emissions

Diesel engines are widely used in logistics and haulage as vehicular prime movers. In the mechanized and fast-moving forward world of today, the consumption of petroleum products has become an important yardstick of a country’s prosperity. This ever-increasing consumption has led the world to face the twin challenge of energy shortage and environmental deterioration. Natural gas has been one of the highly considered alternative fuels for both spark ignition (S.I) and compressed ignition (C.I.) engines. The advantages and benefits of CNG have made it the preferred choice as alternative fuel in the transportation sector. This present study focused on the effects of retrofitted direct injection C.I. engine with mono-CNG system to its performance and exhaust emissions. The engine speed was varied from 850 rpm to 2500 rpm, with load test conditions of 0Nm, 27.12Nm and 53.23Nm, using an engine dynamometer. Results indicated that CNG has the potential to provide better fuel consumption compared to diesel fuel. Meanwhile, the characteristics of exhaust gas emissions such as smoke opacity and CO2 gave promising results compared to CO, HC and NOX, for diesel combustion.

Experimental Investigations of Performance and Emission Characteristics of Moringa Oil Methyl Ester and Its Diesel Blends in a Single Cylinder Direct Injection Diesel Engine

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyamsundar Rajaraman ◽  
G. K. Yashwanth ◽  
T. Rajan ◽  
R. Siva Kumaran ◽  
P. Raghu
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Emission Analysis ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Direct Injection Diesel Engine ◽  
Moringa Oil

World at present is confronted with the twin crisis of fossil fuel depletion and environmental pollution. Rapid escalation in prices and hydrocarbon resources depletion has led us to look for alternative fuels, which can satisfy ever increasing demands of energy as well as protect the environment from noxious pollutants. In this direction an attempt has been made to study a biodiesel, namely Moringa Oil Methyl Esters [MOME]. All the experiments were carried out on a 4.4 kW naturally aspirated stationary direct injection diesel engine coupled with a dynamometer to determine the engine performance and emission analysis for MOME. It was observed that there was a reduction in HC, CO and PM emissions along with a substantial increase in NOx. MOME and its blends had slightly lower thermal efficiency than diesel oil.

Evaluation of Fuel Injection Strategies for Biodiesel-Fueled CRDI Engine Development and Particulate Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhilendra Pratap Singh ◽  
Avinash Kumar Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Combustion Noise ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Injection Parameters ◽  
Smoke Opacity

Fuel injection parameters such as fuel injection pressure (FIP) and start of main injection (SoMI) timings significantly affect the performance and emission characteristics of a common rail direct injection (CRDI) diesel engine. In this study, a state-of-the-art single cylinder research engine was used to investigate the effects of fuel injection parameters on combustion, performance, emission characteristics, and particulates and their morphology. The experiments were carried out at three FIPs (400, 700, and 1000 bar) and four SoMI timings (4 deg, 6 deg, 8 deg, and 10 deg bTDC) for biodiesel blends [B20 (20% v/v biodiesel and 80% v/v diesel) and B40 (40% v/v biodiesel and 60% v/v diesel)] compared to baseline mineral diesel. The experiments were performed at a constant engine speed (1500 rpm), without pilot injection and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). The experimental results showed that FIP and SoMI timings affected the in-cylinder pressure and the heat release rate (HRR), significantly. At higher FIPs, the biodiesel blends resulted in slightly higher rate of pressure rise (RoPR) and combustion noise compared to baseline mineral diesel. All the test fuels showed relatively shorter combustion duration at higher FIPs and advanced SoMI timings. The biodiesel blends showed slightly higher NOx and smoke opacity compared to baseline mineral diesel. Lower particulate number concentration at higher FIPs was observed for all the test fuels. However, biodiesel blends showed emission of relatively higher number of particulates compared to baseline mineral diesel. Significantly lower trace metals in the particulates emitted from biodiesel blend fueled engine was an important finding of this study. The particulate morphology showed relatively smaller number of primary particles in particulate clusters from biodiesel exhaust, which resulted in relatively lower toxicity, rendering biodiesel to be more environmentally benign.

scholarly journals Study on Particulate Matter of Diesel Engine Using Waste Cooking Oil

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 420-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Fauziah Jaharudin ◽  
Nur Atiqah Ramlan ◽  
Mohd Herzwan Hamzah ◽  
Abdul Adam Abdullah ◽  
Rizalman Mamat
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Cooking Oil

Particulate matter (PM) is one of the major pollutants emitted by diesel engine which have adverse effects on human health. Accordingly, many researches have been done to find alternative fuels that are clean and efficient. Biodiesel is preferred as an alternative source for diesel engine which produces lower PM than diesel fuel. However, the manufacturing cost of biodiesel from vegetable oil is expensive. Therefore, using waste cooking oil (WCO) for biodiesel would be more economical and sustainable solution. The characteristics of direct injection diesel engine in term of the PM have been investigated experimentally in this study. The experiments were conducted using single cylinder diesel engine with different speed (1200 rpm, 1500 rpm, 1800 rpm, 2100 rpm, 2400 rpm) at constant load. PM emission of WCO B100 and diesel fuel was compared and the effect of PM components such as soluble organic fraction (SOF) and soot were studied. The result showed WCO B100 reduces the PM emission at all engine speed. Furthermore, both fuels showed highest reduction of PM concentration at moderate engine speed of 1500 rpm.

scholarly journals Experimental investigation and performance evaluation of DI diesel engine fueled by waste oil-diesel mixture in emulsion with water

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasianantham Nanthagopal ◽  
Rayapati Subbarao
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Cooking Oil

Exploitation of the natural reserves of petroleum products has put a tremendous onus on the automotive industry. Increasing pollution levels and the depletion of the petroleum reserves have lead to the search for alternate fuel sources for internal combustion engines. Usage of vegetable oils poses some challenges like poor spray penetration, valve sticking and clogging of injector nozzles. Most of these problems may be solved by partial substitution of diesel with vegetable oil. In this work, the performance and emission characteristics of a direct injection diesel engine fueled by waste cooking oil-diesel emulsion with different water contents are evaluated. The use of waste cooking oil-diesel emulsion lowers the peak temperature, which reduces the formation of NOx. Moreover the phenomenon of micro explosion that results during the combustion of an emulsified fuel finely atomizes the fuel droplets and thus enhances combustion. Experiments show that CO concentration is reduced as the water content is increased and it is seen that 20% water content gives optimum results. Also, there is a significant reduction in NOx emissions.

scholarly journals Influence of Variable Speed on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine using Fish Oil Biodiesel Blends

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 3950-3954
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Performance And Emission

Alternative fuel sources are needed to be developed to meet the escalating demand for fossil fuels. Also from an environmental point of view, these most modern resources of fuels must be environment-friendly. The rapidly increasing consumption of fossil fuel and petroleum products has been a matter of concern for many countries which imports more crude oil. So, there is necessary for the development of new energy sources. The biomass, edible oil, inedible oils from plants and fish fat oil are imperatives and seen to be a potential substitute for diesel fuel. Acid and Base catalyzed transesterification is the most acceptable process for biodiesel production. In this project, an attempt towards finding the effect of alternate fuels as a substitute over diesel and reduce its consumption to lessen the environmental effects. Biodiesel has been extensively used in diesel engines as a partial substitute in the past few decades. The present investigation is carried out with blending up fish oil biodiesel with diesel in varying proportions to test out the emission and performance characteristics of direct injection single cylinder, four strokes, and air-cooled diesel engine. The fish oil biodiesel was produced by the transesterification process and obtained fish oil biodiesel blended with diesel fuel with various propagations of B20, B50, B75 & B100. These blended fuels were further investigated in a diesel engine with variable speeds such as 1000rpm, 1250rpm, 1500rpm, 1720rpm, 2000rpm 2250rpm & 2500rpm. In this comparative study, the effects of fish oil biodiesel fuel blends are compared and evaluated with pure diesel.

Experimental Study on Performance and Emission Characteristic of Diesel Engine using Sunflower oil Biodiesel Blends

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (8A) ◽  
pp. 1169-1177
Author(s):  
Ghassan S. Ali Alrkaby ◽  
Abed AL-Kadim M. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Combustion Characteristic ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Emission Characteristic ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Performance And Emission

Biodiesel fuel is a liquid biofuel produced by chemical process form new and used phytogenic oils, animal fats. Biodiesel fuels can be utilization alone or mixing with the pure diesel at different proportion.  In the present work a diesel engine type (FIAT) , four cylinder, variable speed, direct injection was operated by sunflower oil methyl ester , biodiesel at different blend ratio . five different ratio of biodiesel blends 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% by volume is used in this study and compared with using of pure diesel at variable loads and variable engine speed. The effect of biodiesel additive to pure diesel on the performance and emission characteristics. Adjust the engine speed at 1100 rpm by means of the engine tachometer and digital tachometer, and reduce the load gradually until the engine speed increased to 1900 rpm automatically by increments of 200 rpm. The BSFC for B20 It seems less than the other ratio of biodiesel blends, and the BTE of biodiesel blends is lower than the pure diesel but the B20 having high BTE in comparison with the other biodiesel- diesel mixtures. the UHC and CO emission for B20 is less than the biodiesel blends and pure diesel, but the NOX emission for B20 is lower than the other biodiesel blends and higher than pure diesel. The present work shows the B20 relatively is a better performance and combustion characteristic than that biodiesel blends ratio.          

scholarly journals A Study on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine Using Ricinus Communis (Castor Oil) Ethyl Esters

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4320
Author(s):  
Munimathan Arunkumar ◽  
Vinayagam Mohanavel ◽  
Asif Afzal ◽  
Thanikodi Sathish ◽  
Manickam Ravichandran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Ethyl Esters ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Brake Power

Countries globally are focusing on alternative fuels to reduce the environmental pollution. An example is biodiesel fuel, which is leading the way to other technologies. In this research, the methyl esters of castor oil were prepared using a two-step transesterification process. The respective properties of the castor oil (Ricinus Communis) biodiesel were estimated using ASTM standards. The effect of performance and emission on diesel engines was noted for four various engine loads (25, 50, 75, and 100%), with two different blends (B5 and B20) and at two different engine speeds (1500 and 2000 rpm). The study determined that B5 and B20 samples at 1500 rpm engine speed obtained the same power, but diesel fuel generated greater control. The power increased at 2000 rpm for B5 samples, but B20 samples, as well as diesel, were almost the same values. In the 40–80% range, load and load values were entirely parallel for each load observed from the engine performance of the brake power in all samples.

scholarly journals The Effect of Biodiesel Derived from Waste Oil on Engine Performance and Emission Characteristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
İbrahim Aslan Reşitoğlu ◽  
Ali Keskin
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Ci Engine ◽  
Smoke Opacity ◽  
Ci Engines

To produce biodiesel from waste oil and use it as an alternative fuel in compression ignition (CI) engines is an efficient way to eliminate this harmful compound. In this experimental study, the effects of biodiesel derived from waste oil on emission and performance characteristics of CI engine were investigated. The production of biodiesel was realized at the condition: 9wt% acid catalyst amount, 9:1 molar ratio, 60oC reaction temperature and 120min reaction time. Biodiesel and diesel were mixed with different volumetric ratios and the properties of each blend were analyzed. Each blend was tested with a direct injection CI engine to see the effect of biodiesel on performance and emission characteristics. In conclusion, blends showed similar results in terms of performance comparing to diesel. The use of biodiesel derived from waste oil led to decrease in hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) emissions and smoke opacity up to 81.25%, 55.02% and 40.48% respectively while led to slight increase in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions in general.

scholarly journals Performance and Emission Parameters with Blending of Jatropha Biodiesel in Diesel Engine

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 4004-4009
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Emission Parameter ◽  
Ci Engines

In the current situation limited resources of petroleum products and their higher consumption rate and pollution increase research work for an alternative option for internal combustion engines. The emissions draws from these fuels also pollute the environment more day by day. Jatropha oil from jatropha seed is one sources of biodiesel which is a less polluting, locally available and reliable renewable resource. In this research work, performance and analysis doing on 5 HP single cylinder of vertical arrangement and direct injection CI engines with rope brake dynamometer with a blending of jatropha biodiesel. The performance and emission parameter of the diesel engine were found with different proportions of biodiesel in a existing diesel fuel. The result shows that by using up to 20 % biodiesel in diesel, compatible performance parameters with reduced emissions can be achieved.

scholarly journals Performance analysis of a biodiesel fuelled diesel engine with the effect of alumina coated piston

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1 Part B) ◽  
pp. 489-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar Senthil ◽  
Krishnan Purushothaman ◽  
Kuppusamy Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Plasma Coating ◽  
Thermal Barrier ◽  
Rubber Seed Oil ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Hc Emissions

Biodiesel is one of the best alternative fuels to Diesel engine among other sources due to having potential to reduce emissions. Biodiesel is a renewable, biodegradable and environment friendly fuel in nature. The advantages of biodiesel are lower exhaust gas emissions and its biodegradability and renewability compared with petroleum-based diesel fuel. The energy of the biodiesel can be released more efficiently with the concept of semi adiabatic (thermal barrier coated piston) engine. The objective of this study is to investigate the performance and emission characteristics of a single cylinder direct injection Diesel engine using 25% biodiesel blend (rubber seed oil methyl ester) as fuel with thermal barrier coated piston. Initially the piston crown was coated with alumina (Al2O3) of thickness of 300 micron (0.3 mm) by plasma coating method. The results revealed that the brake thermal efficiency was increased by 4% and brake specific fuel consumption was decreased by 9% for B25 with coated piston compared to un-coated piston with diesel. The smoke, CO, and HC emissions were also decreased for B25 blend with coated piston compared with the uncoated piton engine. The combustion characteristics such as peak pressure, maximum rate of pressure rise, and heat release rate were increased and the ignition delay was decreased for B25 blend for the coated piston compared with diesel fuel.

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