An Empirical Study of the Investment to Promote the Technological Progress of China's Industrial

2014 ◽  
Vol 472 ◽  
pp. 1061-1065
Author(s):  
Yan Jun Wu ◽  
Shi Dong Ji ◽  
Li Jiang Jia
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Domestic Investment ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Impact

This paper using data of China's Industrial Sector in 1996 -2010, selecting the stochastic frontier production function model, estimating the rate of change of total factor productivity in various industries, gets the level of technological progress in various industries. On this basis, domestic and foreign investment in 1996 -2010 data, were used based on the panel data model to study the impact of the level of domestic and foreign investment in industrial sectors of technological progress. The empirical results show that the industrial technological progress in the vast majority of the industry comes from domestic investment or foreign investment, the individual industry even at the same time by the dual effects of domestic and foreign investment, When the industry is characterized by high degree of market competition and foreign investment to domestic investment proportion is higher, technological progress is more inclined to come from domestic investment, the contrary is more inclined to come from foreign investment.

The Covid-19 pandemic and technical efficiency of Russian firms: a stochastic frontier production function approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parul Singh ◽  
Kashika Arora ◽  
Areej Aftab Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Production Function ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Content Type ◽  
External Assistance ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to undertake the efficiency analysis in the form of stochastic frontier to estimate a Cobb–Douglas production function by controlling for the heterogeneity across Russian firms by including firm size, ownership, age, innovation activity and market competition. Design/methodology/approach During the peak period of Covid-19, certain firms witnessed either a decrease or increase in sales. Using this segregation of firms from World Bank’s Covid-19 impact surveys follow-up to the Enterprise Survey for Russia, this study empirically investigates the determinants of technical efficiency of these firms focusing on the role of government assistance. Findings The findings suggest that by segregating firms in terms of sales, different internal factors can enable in steering through pandemic situation besides just depending on external assistance. Originality/value One of the few papers to analyse the impact of the pandemic on Russian firms by considering World Bank Covid Survey.

Technological Developments

2021 ◽  
pp. 1464-1487
Author(s):  
Hande Mutlu Ozturk
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
The Past ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The Impact

Technological developments in recent years have been affecting the lives of people and societies more rapidly than in the past. Developments in the field of communication, robotics, transportation, etc. are called the 4th Industrial Revolution or Industry 4.0 in the industrial sector. Technological developments have created great changes in the services and industrial sectors. Industry 4.0 has also led to changes in the transformation of the tourism sector and is likely to occur in future processes. This chapter examines the impact of Industry 4.0 on the tourism sector.

scholarly journals Does Foreign Direct Investment More Important Than Domestic Direct Investment for Export Structure? Evidence from Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariyo DP Irhamna ◽  
Ely Nurhayati ◽  
Adinda Putri Safira ◽  
Galuh Indra Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Domestic Investment ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Export Structure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Export Product

Abstract Scholars have long studied the spillover of FDI on trade. However, there has been limited study which spesifically investigate the impact of FDI on the export structure in a developing country. Does FDI more important than domestic investment for export structure? To examine the question, we test the impact of FDI and DDI on the export structure in time series framework, utilizing data on FDI inflows to Indonesia and export data based on product stage over 1992–2017. The export structure is analyzed based on three categories, namely primary product, intermediate product, and final product. Our results show that domestic investment has a negative impact on the primary export product, while foreign investment has a positive impact on the final export product. The result highlights the importance of domestic and foreign investment in export upgrading.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Small Businesses’ Performance and Innovation

2021 ◽  
pp. 097215092110391
Author(s):  
Ronen Harel
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Economic Uncertainty ◽  
Trade Restrictions ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Work Strategies ◽  
The Impact

This study looked at the impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the revenues of small businesses operating in industrial sectors and at the extent to which these businesses changed or adjusted their business activity, or changed the extent to which they utilized open innovation tools and implement innovation promotion processes. The findings show that, despite COVID-19’s far-reaching impact in all areas of life, the revenues of most small businesses in industrial sector were not adversely affected by the pandemic, and most of them did not change or adjust their business activities or the extent to which they employed open innovation tools and engage in innovation promotion processes. The findings also indicate that small businesses, most of whose revenues derive from subcontracting work to other businesses business to business (B2B) and from long-term agreements, are likely to cope better during periods of economic difficulty and under conditions of economic uncertainty. The findings also show that businesses that are active in the international markets have succeeded in adapting that activity to the changing demands and various trade restrictions. This study’s theoretical contribution lies in its focus on small businesses in the industrial sector and its examination of how the subcontracting strategy and international operations help such businesses contend with problems and conditions of economic uncertainty. On the practical plane, the findings suggest that policymakers should foster programmes that assist small businesses with these work strategies, which can help them survive, enhance their stability and thereby also promote the economy’s ability to withstand crisis situations

Fourth industrial revolution and India's “employment problem”

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 851-866
Author(s):  
Sujatra Bhattacharyya ◽  
Arup Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Employment Problem ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis paper aims at assessing the impact of innovation on productivity as sustainable development can be attained primarily through non-resource-driven growth. Secondly, it also proposes to reflect on the rising capital intensity in the Indian industries as technology advancement, particularly in the light of the fourth industrial revolution, is expected to reduce the labour absorbing capacity of the industrial sector.Design/methodology/approachBased on panel data for different Indian firms in various groups of industries, this paper estimates TFPG and TE (following Cornwell et al. methodology) and assesses the impact of R&D expenditure on the performance indices. Secondly, it measures the capital intensity across various groups of industries to reflect on the “employment problem”.FindingsInnovation does not seem to enhance the performance index in a very significant manner across industry groups considered in the study. The lack of extensive evidence on impact of innovation on total factor productivity growth suggests that innovation does not necessarily result in technological progress while the need of the hour is to experience non-resource-driven growth on the one hand and employment growth on the other. The positive impact of innovation on efficiency as seen in the paper can be interpreted as the expenditure incurred to realize the potentiality of the technology which is possibly imported. However, capital accumulation is resulting in rapid productivity growth at the cost of employment.Research limitations/implicationsCapturing technological progress in terms of TFPG can be subjected to criticism.Practical implicationsPolicy implications for employment generation and inclusive growth are derived.Social implicationsThe study cautions us about the adverse implications in terms of employment growth.Originality/valueAssessing the impact of innovation on performance such as TFPG and TE is rather rare in the literature, and this paper tries to reflect on this aspect using the Indian firm-level data. Secondly, the trade-offs between productivity growth and employment growth are brought out distinctly in order to highlight the declining labour absorbing capacity of the industrial sector. This enables us to reflect on the adverse consequences of the fourth industrial revolution.

CONSTRAINTS TO FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN INDIAN HOSPITALS

2010 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 121-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
RUPA CHANDA
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Domestic Investment ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Domestic Constraints ◽  
Insurance Penetration ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the impact of a liberalised foreign direct investment (FDI) regime in Indian hospitals on FDI inflows. The paper shows that there is hardly any FDI in Indian hospitals due to domestic constraints such as high initial establishment costs, low health insurance penetration, manpower shortages, high cost of medical equipment, and regulatory deficiencies. These constraints also impede domestic investment in hospitals. The paper concludes that a liberal foreign investment regime may not result in increased FDI inflows if regulatory and structural impediments continue to constrain investment in the host economy. Investment liberalisation must thus be supplemented by domestic regulatory reforms to create an environment that is conducive to all investors.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Impact of Conservatism in Industrial Fatigue Analysis of Life-Limited Components

2018 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 10017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Hoole ◽  
Pia Sartor ◽  
Julian Booker ◽  
Jonathan Cooper ◽  
Xenofon V. Gogouvitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Fatigue Analysis ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Safe Life ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Fatigue Design ◽  
4340 Steel ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents a review of the conservatism approaches applied by different industrial sectors to the stress-life (S-N) analysis of ‘life-limited’ or ‘safe-life’ components. A comparison of the fatigue design standards for 6 industrial sectors identified that the conservatism approaches are highly inconsistent when comparing the areas of variability and uncertainty accounted for along with the conservatism magnitude and method of application. Through the use of a case-study based on the SAE keyhole benchmark and 4340 steel S-N data, the industrial sector which introduces the greatest reduction of a component life-limit was identified as the nuclear sector. The results of the case-study also highlighted that conservatism applied to account for scatter in S-N data currently provides the greatest contribution to the reduction of component life-limits.

scholarly journals Future Hydrogen Markets for Transportation and Industry: The Impact of CO2 Taxes

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simonas Cerniauskas ◽  
Thomas Grube ◽  
Aaron Praktiknjo ◽  
Detlef Stolten ◽  
Martin Robinius
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Hydrogen Distribution ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Hydrogen Supply ◽  
The Impact

The technological lock-in of the transportation and industrial sector can be largely attributed to the limited availability of alternative fuel infrastructures. Herein, a countrywide supply chain analysis of Germany, spanning until 2050, is applied to investigate promising infrastructure development pathways and associated hydrogen distribution costs for each analyzed hydrogen market. Analyzed supply chain pathways include seasonal storage to balance fluctuating renewable power generation with necessary purification, as well as trailer- and pipeline-based hydrogen delivery. The analysis encompasses green hydrogen feedstock in the chemical industry and fuel cell-based mobility applications, such as local buses, non-electrified regional trains, material handling vehicles, and trucks, as well as passenger cars. Our results indicate that the utilization of low-cost, long-term storage and improved refueling station utilization have the highest impact during the market introduction phase. We find that public transport and captive fleets offer a cost-efficient countrywide renewable hydrogen supply roll-out option. Furthermore, we show that, at comparable effective carbon tax resulting from the current energy tax rates in Germany, hydrogen is cost-competitive in the transportation sector by the year 2025. Moreover, we show that sector-specific CO2 taxes are required to provide a cost-competitive green hydrogen supply in both the transportation and industrial sectors.

scholarly journals IPO Under-pricing Phenomenon Approach: Does Covid-19 Has a Negative Sectoral Impact?

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-221
Author(s):  
Rini Dwiyani Hadiwidjaja ◽  
Arianto Muditomo ◽  
Yanuar Trisnowati
Keyword(s):  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Public Offering ◽  
The Impact

An initial public offering (IPO) refers to the process of offering shares of a private corporation to the public in a new stock issuance. An IPO allows a company to raise capital from public investors. This study aims to prove the sectoral impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Qualitative identification through content analysis on public online media and report documents on the results of analysis by research institutes and consultants identifies potential negative impacts on several industrial sectors as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic throughout 2020, but on the other hand, IPO action on the Indonesian capital market in 2020 still ongoing. Previous research has not been found specifically that analyzes the relationship between the impact of Covid-19 on industry and the performance of IPO actions per industrial sector, then through the IPO under-pricing phenomenon approach, empirical evidence is carried out. This research uses secondary data for the initial returns of 315 companies that conducted IPO actions during the period 2010 to 2020 on the Indonesian capital market and testing using a paired sample test on the population of IPO actions before and during the Covid-19 pandemic, the results of this study indicate that simultaneously in all the corporate sector did not find any statistically significant difference in initial returns between the period before and during the pandemic. This shows that the Covid-19 pandemic does not directly impact the behavior of capital market investors, especially in making investment decisions in the primary market.

scholarly journals Some considerations on indoor and outdoor impacts of different ways of pm release and odour emission in industrial sectors

2019 ◽  
pp. 325-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Cristina Rada
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
The Public ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Odoriferous Substances ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

In the industrial sectors, the ways of release pollutants into the atmosphere can vary significantly. We can find various combinations of primary conveyed emissions, secondary conveyed releases, diffused emissions, depending on the characteristics of the industrial plant. When an environmental impact assessment is performed, discussion concerns mainly the impact on the public health, whilst the occupational impact of these releases is moved to other contexts. The present paper zooms on selected case studies in order to understand the consequences of different way of pollutant release on the outdoor and indoor air quality at the site of the plant (within the fence). Two kinds of pollutants were selected: particulate matter and odoriferous substances. Results demonstrate that the industrial sector is unbalanced: the regulations in force in EU give different attention to the impact of the releases to the atmosphere depending on the industrial sector. In particular, in some sectors the impact of diffused emissions is underestimated because of a raw management of their control. Some preliminary proposals are put forwards for a better management of the emissions to the atmosphere in potentially critical cases. These proposals are based on the concept that conveyed solutions for pollutant release must be preferred, with the care of designing the related stacks with an optimised combination of stack height, conveyed gas velocity, temperature at the exit. The opposition to this approach is basically related to the additional costs. This article demonstrate that these extra-costs are due in many cases. Their economic sustainability is discussed too.

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