scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Small Businesses’ Performance and Innovation

2021 ◽  
pp. 097215092110391
Author(s):  
Ronen Harel
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Economic Uncertainty ◽  
Trade Restrictions ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Work Strategies ◽  
The Impact

This study looked at the impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the revenues of small businesses operating in industrial sectors and at the extent to which these businesses changed or adjusted their business activity, or changed the extent to which they utilized open innovation tools and implement innovation promotion processes. The findings show that, despite COVID-19’s far-reaching impact in all areas of life, the revenues of most small businesses in industrial sector were not adversely affected by the pandemic, and most of them did not change or adjust their business activities or the extent to which they employed open innovation tools and engage in innovation promotion processes. The findings also indicate that small businesses, most of whose revenues derive from subcontracting work to other businesses business to business (B2B) and from long-term agreements, are likely to cope better during periods of economic difficulty and under conditions of economic uncertainty. The findings also show that businesses that are active in the international markets have succeeded in adapting that activity to the changing demands and various trade restrictions. This study’s theoretical contribution lies in its focus on small businesses in the industrial sector and its examination of how the subcontracting strategy and international operations help such businesses contend with problems and conditions of economic uncertainty. On the practical plane, the findings suggest that policymakers should foster programmes that assist small businesses with these work strategies, which can help them survive, enhance their stability and thereby also promote the economy’s ability to withstand crisis situations

Un crocevia di distretti: la realtŕ economica della provincia di Lucca

2012 ◽  
pp. 157-188
Author(s):  
Giulia Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Italian Economy ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
Oil Crisis ◽  
The Impact

Interest in the «district» form arose, in Italy, in the context of the debate on the role of small businesses in the Italian and international economy, and intensified during the decade from the mid-1960s to the mid-1970s, when the increasing efficiency of new types of industrialization began to make itself felt. Attention focused on the industrial district as an organizational model of systems characterized by numerous local small and medium-sized businesses capable of offsetting the disadvantage of the smaller production scale by developing a system of external economies. Such businesses were thus able to manage complex processes of decomposition/integration of the production cycle through units specialized in individual stages of production within a social context that could absorb the impact of pronounced division of labour. The potential of the district prompted observers not only to endeavour to identify industrial districts within the Italian economic system, but also to analyse their functioning in order to determine their characteristics in terms of efficiency and competitiveness on local, domestic and international markets. This paper, set within the above-described perspective, aims to analyse the Tuscan district system as an example of a flexible and lean specialisation, with particular reference to the Province of Lucca, taking into account the background of change, evolution and downturns that influenced the Italian economy from the first oil crisis (1973) up to the Treaty of Maastricht (1992). Additionally, emphasis is placed on a comparison with the interpretive model proposed by Giacomo Becattini, whose assessment is shown to succeed in encompassing the ongoing economic transformations and is particularly effective in depicting the specificity of the Tuscan case, destined to survive the pressures of international competition. In the present author's view the district, far from constituting a recipe valid exclusively on a local scale and during expansionary phases, represents an effective answer to a scenario increasingly - and more and more intensely - affected by economic transformations that can have a major impact.

Technological Developments

2021 ◽  
pp. 1464-1487
Author(s):  
Hande Mutlu Ozturk
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
The Past ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The Impact

Technological developments in recent years have been affecting the lives of people and societies more rapidly than in the past. Developments in the field of communication, robotics, transportation, etc. are called the 4th Industrial Revolution or Industry 4.0 in the industrial sector. Technological developments have created great changes in the services and industrial sectors. Industry 4.0 has also led to changes in the transformation of the tourism sector and is likely to occur in future processes. This chapter examines the impact of Industry 4.0 on the tourism sector.

OPEN INNOVATION IN SMALL BUSINESSES IN THE INDUSTRY AND CRAFT SECTORS

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 1950038 ◽  
Author(s):  
RONEN HAREL ◽  
DAFNA SCHWARTZ ◽  
DAM KAUFMANN
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Marketing Innovation ◽  
Internet Searches ◽  
Professional Information ◽  
Commercial Relationships

The study findings show that the utilization of open innovation (OI) tools is effective in promoting innovation in small businesses. The study differentiated between OI tools aimed at acquiring knowledge in a unidirectional manner from external open sources of information such as Internet searches for professional information or attending professional conferences, and OI tools aimed at obtaining knowledge by interacting with other factors in the business ecosystem. Interestingly, it was found that utilization of unidirectional OI tools contributes more to the level of product innovation, while utilization of networking and external collaboration contributes more to levels of process and marketing innovation, respectively. In addition, the study clarified that these businesses maintain connections to promote innovation mainly with entities in their closest business environment, based on commercial relationships with their suppliers and customers. The empirical study was conducted through face-to-face interviews on a sample of 202 small businesses in the industry and craft sectors. The theoretical contribution of the research stems from its focus on a group of businesses that has rarely been the focus of studies on innovation. The use of face-to-face interviews as a research tool facilitated the attainment of knowledge that is generally not readily accessible. The study may contribute in a practical manner to assisting small businesses in the development and implementation of appropriate OI tools for promoting innovation and enable them to reach beyond their closest business environment.

An Empirical Study of the Investment to Promote the Technological Progress of China's Industrial

2014 ◽  
Vol 472 ◽  
pp. 1061-1065
Author(s):  
Yan Jun Wu ◽  
Shi Dong Ji ◽  
Li Jiang Jia
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Domestic Investment ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Impact

This paper using data of China's Industrial Sector in 1996 -2010, selecting the stochastic frontier production function model, estimating the rate of change of total factor productivity in various industries, gets the level of technological progress in various industries. On this basis, domestic and foreign investment in 1996 -2010 data, were used based on the panel data model to study the impact of the level of domestic and foreign investment in industrial sectors of technological progress. The empirical results show that the industrial technological progress in the vast majority of the industry comes from domestic investment or foreign investment, the individual industry even at the same time by the dual effects of domestic and foreign investment, When the industry is characterized by high degree of market competition and foreign investment to domestic investment proportion is higher, technological progress is more inclined to come from domestic investment, the contrary is more inclined to come from foreign investment.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Impact of Conservatism in Industrial Fatigue Analysis of Life-Limited Components

2018 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 10017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Hoole ◽  
Pia Sartor ◽  
Julian Booker ◽  
Jonathan Cooper ◽  
Xenofon V. Gogouvitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Fatigue Analysis ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Safe Life ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Fatigue Design ◽  
4340 Steel ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents a review of the conservatism approaches applied by different industrial sectors to the stress-life (S-N) analysis of ‘life-limited’ or ‘safe-life’ components. A comparison of the fatigue design standards for 6 industrial sectors identified that the conservatism approaches are highly inconsistent when comparing the areas of variability and uncertainty accounted for along with the conservatism magnitude and method of application. Through the use of a case-study based on the SAE keyhole benchmark and 4340 steel S-N data, the industrial sector which introduces the greatest reduction of a component life-limit was identified as the nuclear sector. The results of the case-study also highlighted that conservatism applied to account for scatter in S-N data currently provides the greatest contribution to the reduction of component life-limits.

scholarly journals The impact of open-border organization culture and employees’ knowledge, attitudes, and rewards with regards to open innovation: an empirical study

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 2273-2297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deemah Alassaf ◽  
Marina Dabić ◽  
Dara Shifrer ◽  
Tugrul Daim
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to fill a significant research gap in academic literature pertaining to open innovation (OI). To do so, this paper empirically tests the impact of organizational culture, employees’ knowledge, attitudes and rewards as antecedents and mediators of OI adoption in organizations, facilitating a more thorough understanding by using an empirical multi-level approach. Design/methodology/approach This paper analyzes the results of the “Identification of Industrial Needs for Open Innovation Education in Europe” survey through a quantitative analysis using logistic regression models. This survey includes 528 employees working in 28 different industrial sectors in 37 countries, most of which are in Europe. Findings The results suggest a positive impact of organizational characteristics on the adoption of OI (i.e. including the adoption of outside-in and inside-out OI activities in participating organizations), showing that the openness of an organization’s culture increases its likelihood of adopting an OI paradigm. More importantly, the results highlight the positive mediating effect of employees’ knowledge and rewards on this relationship. Research limitations/implications The data set that was the basis of this paper was generated in European countries, the results of the analysis are limited and appropriate for this region and may vary when applied to other regions of the world. Practical implications The proposed multi-level approach offers new insight into organizational knowledge. It enables the improvement of OI and knowledge management practices in organizations by assisting practitioners and academics in recognizing the relationship between organizational culture; employees’ knowledge, attitudes and rewards; and the adoption of the OI paradigm. Social implications This paper offers a possible explanation on why open-border cultures are more likely to have a successful OI adoption, by relating it to factors that advance in the presence of an open-border culture, such as active participation of OI relative departments in knowledge sourcing and knowledge exchange, and rewarding employees for OI activities. Originality/value This paper presents a new framework which links organizational culture to OI, moving on from merely examining culture in terms of its positive or negative impact on OI adoption. It contributes to research on the OI paradigm and knowledge management by highlighting the significance of antecedents and mediators from a multi-level perspective using multiple units of analysis. Most previous studies focus on a single unit of analysis.

scholarly journals Future Hydrogen Markets for Transportation and Industry: The Impact of CO2 Taxes

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simonas Cerniauskas ◽  
Thomas Grube ◽  
Aaron Praktiknjo ◽  
Detlef Stolten ◽  
Martin Robinius
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Hydrogen Distribution ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Hydrogen Supply ◽  
The Impact

The technological lock-in of the transportation and industrial sector can be largely attributed to the limited availability of alternative fuel infrastructures. Herein, a countrywide supply chain analysis of Germany, spanning until 2050, is applied to investigate promising infrastructure development pathways and associated hydrogen distribution costs for each analyzed hydrogen market. Analyzed supply chain pathways include seasonal storage to balance fluctuating renewable power generation with necessary purification, as well as trailer- and pipeline-based hydrogen delivery. The analysis encompasses green hydrogen feedstock in the chemical industry and fuel cell-based mobility applications, such as local buses, non-electrified regional trains, material handling vehicles, and trucks, as well as passenger cars. Our results indicate that the utilization of low-cost, long-term storage and improved refueling station utilization have the highest impact during the market introduction phase. We find that public transport and captive fleets offer a cost-efficient countrywide renewable hydrogen supply roll-out option. Furthermore, we show that, at comparable effective carbon tax resulting from the current energy tax rates in Germany, hydrogen is cost-competitive in the transportation sector by the year 2025. Moreover, we show that sector-specific CO2 taxes are required to provide a cost-competitive green hydrogen supply in both the transportation and industrial sectors.

scholarly journals IPO Under-pricing Phenomenon Approach: Does Covid-19 Has a Negative Sectoral Impact?

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-221
Author(s):  
Rini Dwiyani Hadiwidjaja ◽  
Arianto Muditomo ◽  
Yanuar Trisnowati
Keyword(s):  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Public Offering ◽  
The Impact

An initial public offering (IPO) refers to the process of offering shares of a private corporation to the public in a new stock issuance. An IPO allows a company to raise capital from public investors. This study aims to prove the sectoral impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Qualitative identification through content analysis on public online media and report documents on the results of analysis by research institutes and consultants identifies potential negative impacts on several industrial sectors as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic throughout 2020, but on the other hand, IPO action on the Indonesian capital market in 2020 still ongoing. Previous research has not been found specifically that analyzes the relationship between the impact of Covid-19 on industry and the performance of IPO actions per industrial sector, then through the IPO under-pricing phenomenon approach, empirical evidence is carried out. This research uses secondary data for the initial returns of 315 companies that conducted IPO actions during the period 2010 to 2020 on the Indonesian capital market and testing using a paired sample test on the population of IPO actions before and during the Covid-19 pandemic, the results of this study indicate that simultaneously in all the corporate sector did not find any statistically significant difference in initial returns between the period before and during the pandemic. This shows that the Covid-19 pandemic does not directly impact the behavior of capital market investors, especially in making investment decisions in the primary market.

scholarly journals Some considerations on indoor and outdoor impacts of different ways of pm release and odour emission in industrial sectors

2019 ◽  
pp. 325-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Cristina Rada
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
The Public ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Odoriferous Substances ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

In the industrial sectors, the ways of release pollutants into the atmosphere can vary significantly. We can find various combinations of primary conveyed emissions, secondary conveyed releases, diffused emissions, depending on the characteristics of the industrial plant. When an environmental impact assessment is performed, discussion concerns mainly the impact on the public health, whilst the occupational impact of these releases is moved to other contexts. The present paper zooms on selected case studies in order to understand the consequences of different way of pollutant release on the outdoor and indoor air quality at the site of the plant (within the fence). Two kinds of pollutants were selected: particulate matter and odoriferous substances. Results demonstrate that the industrial sector is unbalanced: the regulations in force in EU give different attention to the impact of the releases to the atmosphere depending on the industrial sector. In particular, in some sectors the impact of diffused emissions is underestimated because of a raw management of their control. Some preliminary proposals are put forwards for a better management of the emissions to the atmosphere in potentially critical cases. These proposals are based on the concept that conveyed solutions for pollutant release must be preferred, with the care of designing the related stacks with an optimised combination of stack height, conveyed gas velocity, temperature at the exit. The opposition to this approach is basically related to the additional costs. This article demonstrate that these extra-costs are due in many cases. Their economic sustainability is discussed too.

The Union Budget 1997–98 and the Industrial Sectors

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
J C Sandesara
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
The Impact

In this analysis of the Union Budget, J C Sandesara focuses on the impact of the budget on the Industrial Sector and examines whether the proposals can accelerate industrial growth as well as sustain the growth during the Ninth Five Year Plan (199–2002).

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