An Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Empty and Foam-Filled Aluminium Conical Tubes under Oblique Impact Loading

2014 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Mat Fauziah ◽  
Ismail Khairul Azwan ◽  
Sazali Yaacob
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Impact Loading ◽  
Oblique Impact ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Foam Density ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Foam Filling ◽  
Empty Tube ◽  
Foam Filled ◽  
High Specific Energy

This paper presents the crushing behaviour of empty and foam-filled conical aluminium alloy (AA6061-T6) tubes under oblique impact loading using a validated nonlinear finite element (FE) code, LS-DYNA. The study aims to assess the beneficial of foam filling on the energy absorption in terms of mass reduction, for variations in filler density and geometrical parameters of AA6061-T6 tubes. The results obtained successfully identified the critical tube mass and critical foam density. It is evident that foam filling successfully induced high Specific Energy Absorption (SEA) value of foam-filled tubes thus proving that the assessment of critical total tube mass and critical foam density point is vital in identifying proper combination of tube-filler to the effectiveness of foam-filled tubes. The combination of AA6061-T6 tube and aluminium foam demonstrates pronounced SEA increase as high as 72.3% compared to the empty tube.

Crush Response of Polyurethane Foam-Filled Aluminium Tube Subjected to Axial Loading

2014 ◽  
Vol 875-877 ◽  
pp. 534-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chawalit Thinvongpituk ◽  
Nirut Onsalung
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Asymmetric Mode ◽  
Pu Foam ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Collapse Mode ◽  
Empty Tube ◽  
Foam Filled

In this paper, the experimental investigation of polyurethane (PU) foam-filled into circular aluminum tubes subjected to axial crushing was presented. The purpose of this study is to improve the energy absorption of aluminium tube under axial quasi-static load. The aluminium tube was made from the AA6063-T5 aluminium alloy tubes. Each tube was filled with polyurethane foam. The density of foam was varied from 100, 150 and 200 kg/mP3P including with empty tube. The range of diameter/thickness (D/t) ratio of tube was varied from 15-55. The specimen were tested by quasi-static axial load with crush speed of 50 mm/min using the 2,000 kN universal testing machine. The load-displacement curves while testing were recorded for calculation. The mode of collapse of each specimen was analyzed concerning on foam density and the influence of D/t ratio. The results revealed that the tube with foam-filled provided significantly increment of the energy absorption than that of the empty tube. While the density of foam and D/t ratios increase, the tendency of collapse mode is transformed from asymmetric mode to concertina mode.

Experimental, numerical and analytical studies on the aluminum foam filled energy absorption connectors under impact loading

2018 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 566-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghui Wang ◽  
Ximei Zhai ◽  
Jiachuan Yan ◽  
Wenjian Ying ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Impact Loading ◽  
Aluminum Foam ◽  
Analytical Studies ◽  
Foam Filled

Effects of aluminum foam filling on the low-velocity impact response of sandwich panels with corrugated cores

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 929-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
LL Yan ◽  
B Yu ◽  
B Han ◽  
QC Zhang ◽  
TJ Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Aluminum Foam ◽  
Sandwich Panel ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Energy Absorption Capacity ◽  
Core Member ◽  
Foam Filling ◽  
Foam Filled

In this study, a closed-cell aluminum foam was filled into the interspaces of a sandwich panel with corrugated cores to form a composite structure. The novel structure is expected to have enhanced foam-filled cores with high specific strength and energy absorption capacity. An out-of-plane compressive load under low-velocity impact was experimentally and numerically carried out on both the empty and foam-filled sandwich panels as well as on the aluminum foam. It is found that the empty corrugated sandwich panel has poor energy absorption capacity due to the core member buckling compared to that of the aluminum foam. However, by the filling of the aluminum foam, the impact load resistance of the corrugated panel was increased dramatically. The loading-time response of the foam-filled panel performs a plateau region like the aluminum foam, which has been proved to be an excellent energy absorption material. Numerical results demonstrated that the aluminum foam filling can decrease the corrugated core member defects sensitivity and increase its stability dramatically. The plastic energy dissipation of the core member for the foam-filled panel is much higher than that of the empty one due to the reduced buckling wavelength caused by the aluminum foam filling.

Effects of Foam Density and Wall Thickness Interactions on the Energy Absorption Performances

2013 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
pp. 393-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Al Emran Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Foam Density ◽  
Polymeric Foam ◽  
Absorption Performance ◽  
Foam Filled

This paper discussed the effect of foam densities and wall thickness interactions on the energy absorption performances. The studies of energy absorption capabilities are important in order to reduce injuries during vehicular collisions. In this work, three different wall thicknesses are used and different polymeric foam densities are inserted into the empty tubes. The empty and foam-filled tubes are then quasi-statically compressed and forces versus displacement curves are obtained where the area under the curves represented the energy absorption performances. In order to study the interactions between foams and wall, the crushed tubes are sectioned axially and observed. It is found that when the wall thickness was less than 2.0mm, foam densities played an important role in increasing the energy absorption capabilities. However, when the wall thickness was greater than 3.0mm, lack of influence of foam densities on the energy absorption performance was observed.

The Effect of Foam Filling Upon the Energy Absorption of Spot Welded Sheet Metal Tubes

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-337
Author(s):  
P. H. Thornton ◽  
C. J. Amberger
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Sheet Material ◽  
Sheet Steel ◽  
Foam Density ◽  
Shell Material ◽  
Steel Tubes ◽  
Foam Filling ◽  
Spot Welded

The effect of shell material properties and foam density on the energy absorption of spot welded, square section sheet steel tubes was studied. It was found that as the sheet material tensile strength increased, the effectiveness of the foam in increasing the energy absorption capability diminished. The observed changes in energy absorption could be predicted reasonably accurately by a simple model which correlated shell material property, section geometry, and foam density.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE QUASI-STATIC AXIAL CRUSHING BEHAVIOR OF FOAM-FILLED STEEL EXTRUSION TUBES

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
AL EMRAN ISMAIL
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Foam Density ◽  
Automotive Safety ◽  
Polymeric Foam ◽  
Axial Crushing ◽  
Head Displacement ◽  
Foam Filled ◽  
Crushing Behavior

The concerns of automotive safety have been given special attention in order to reduce human fatalities or injuries. One of the techniques to reduce collision impact or compression energy is by filling polymeric foam into metallic tubes. In this work, polyurethane foam was introduced into the steel extrusion tubes and quasi-statically compressed at constant cross-head displacement. Different tube thicknesses and foam densities were used and these parameters were related to the crashworthiness aspect of the foam-filled structures. It is found that both tube thickness and foam density played an important role in increasing the crashworthiness behaviours of the structures but when the tube thickness reached certain value, foam density unable to properly work in increasing the energy absorption of the structures.

Multi-Objective Optimization Design of Functionally Graded Foam-Filled Graded-Thickness Tube Under Lateral Impact

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanfeng Yin ◽  
Jinle Dai ◽  
Guilin Wen ◽  
Wanyi Tian ◽  
Qiankun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Foam Density ◽  
Lateral Impact ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Foam Filled ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Graded Thickness

Foam-filled thin-walled structure has been widely used in vehicle engineering due to its highly efficient energy absorption capacity and lightweight. Unlike the existing foam-filled thin-walled structures, a new foam-filled structure, i.e., functionally graded foam-filled graded-thickness tube (FGFGT), which had graded foam density along the transverse direction and graded wall thickness along the longitudinal direction, was first studied in this paper. Two FGFGTs with different gradient distributions subjected to lateral impact were investigated using nonlinear finite element code through LS-DYNA. According to the parametric sensitivity analysis, we found that the two design parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], which controlled the gradient distributions of the foam density and the tube wall thickness, significantly affected the crashworthiness of the two FGFGTs. In order to seek for the optimal design parameters, two FGFGTs were both optimized using a meta-model-based multi-objective optimization method which employed the Kriging modeling technique as well as the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II. In the optimization process, we aimed to improve the specific energy absorption and to reduce the peak crushing force simultaneously. The optimization results showed that the FGFGT had even better crashworthiness than the traditional uniform foam-filled tube with the same weight. Moreover, the graded wall thickness and graded foam density can make the design of the FGFGT flexible. Due to these advantages, the FGFGT was an excellent energy absorber and had potential use as the side impact absorber in vehicle body.

Experimental and numerical study of buckling behavior of foam-filled honeycomb core sandwich panels considering viscoelastic effects

2020 ◽  
pp. 109963622097516
Author(s):  
M Safarabadi ◽  
M Haghighi-Yazdi ◽  
MA Sorkhi ◽  
A Yousefi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Sandwich Panel ◽  
Sandwich Panels ◽  
Face Sheet ◽  
Honeycomb Core ◽  
Buckling Behavior ◽  
Foam Filling ◽  
Foam Filled ◽  
Composite Face

Honeycomb sandwich panels are widely used in marine, aerospace, automotive and shipbuilding industries. High strength to weight and excellent energy absorption are features that make these structures unique. Foam filling the honeycomb core enhances the mechanical properties of sandwich panels considerably. In the present study, the buckling behavior of Nomex honeycomb core/glass-epoxy face sheet sandwich panel for both bare and foam-filled honeycomb core is investigated numerically and experimentally, considering the viscoelastic properties of the sandwich panel. Indeed, the viscoelastic properties of the composite face sheet and foam are determined by relaxation test and are implemented in ABAQUS using VUmat code. The finite element method is also performed using ABAQUS to model the buckling behavior of the sandwich panel incorporating both elastic and viscoelastic material behaviour. The effects of composite face sheet lay-up, core thickness, core cell size, and foam filling are also evaluated. The experimental and numerical results show that the foam increases the critical buckling load and energy absorption.

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