Effect High Salinity and Red-Blue Light Treatment on Lipid Content of the Microalgae Chlorella zofingiensis Dönz as Biodiesel Source

2016 ◽  
Vol 842 ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Eko Agus Suyono ◽  
Anis Listyarini ◽  
Anisa Hardiyati
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Nile Red ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chlorella Zofingiensis ◽  
Local Agriculture ◽  
Biodiesel Feedstock ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Neutral Lipid Content ◽  
Agriculture Fertilizer

Chlorella zofingiensis Dönz is not only known as feed in aquaculture industry, but also it has been developed as biodiesel source. In order to optimize the microalgae as a biodiesel feedstock, it is necessary to study its environmental factors, such as light and medium salinity. This study was conducted to determine the effect of red-blue light in a wide range of salinity medium. C. zofingiensis Dönz used in this study were cultured for 21 days on a laboratory scale using a medium consisted of ZA, Urea and Farmpion (local agriculture fertilizer) with a ratio of 4: 2: 1. There were three variations of salinity treatments, including culture without the addition of NaCl (its medium salinity was 14 ppm); the addition of NaCl 5 ppm (its medium salinity was 19 ppm) and NaCl 10 ppm (its medium salinity was 24 ppm). Its cell density and dry weight were measured every 7 days. Neutral lipid content was determined with Nile Red staining method and analyzed with CellProfiler software every 7 days. The highest lipid content was achieved by treatment of blue light and the addition of NaCl 5 ppm, accounted for 344.6 mg L-1 or 50% of the dry weight.

Fluorometric determination of the neutral lipid content of microalgal cells using Nile Red

1987 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 333-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith E. Cooksey ◽  
James B. Guckert ◽  
Scott A. Williams ◽  
Patrik R. Callis
Keyword(s):  
Neutral Lipid ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Nile Red ◽  
Fluorometric Determination ◽  
Neutral Lipid Content

scholarly journals Neutral Lipid Content in Lipid Droplets: Potential Biomarker of Cordycepin Accumulation in Cordycepin-Producing Fungi

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 3363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Qin ◽  
ZhiYe Wang ◽  
DengXue Lu ◽  
HongMei Kang ◽  
Guang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutral Lipid ◽  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Nile Red ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Relative Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Neutral Lipid Content

To clarify the relationship between neutral lipid content and cordycepin accumulation in Cordyceps militaris, mutants were generated from mixed spores of two C. militaris strains with varying cordycepin-producing capacities. Fifteen stable mutants producing from 0.001 to 2.363 mg/mL cordycepin were finally selected. The relative fluorescence intensities of the 15 mutants, two C. militaris strains and an Aspergillus nidulans strain at different concentrations of lyophilized mycelium powder were then investigated using the Nile red method. The mutant CM1-1-1 with the highest relative fluorescence intensity among the eighteen strains was selected for optimizing the Nile red method. Relative fluorescence intensity was linearly correlated with cordycepin concentration in liquid broth (R2 = 0.9514) and in lyophilized mycelium powder (R2 = 0.9378) for the 18 cordycepin-producing strains under identical culture conditions and with cordycepin concentration in liquid broth (R2 = 0.9727) and in lyophilized mycelium powder (R2 = 0.9613) for CM1-1-1 under eight different sets of conditions. In addition, the cordycepin content in lyophilized mycelium powder measured by the Nile red method was linearly correlated with that determined by an HPLC method (R2 = 0.9627). In conclusion, neutral lipids in lipid droplets are required during cordycepin accumulation; these neutral lipids are potential biomarkers of cordycepin biosynthesis.

Effects of Seed and Root Lipids on the Susceptibility of Plants to Trifluralin and Oryzalin

Weed Science ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bassey A. Ndon ◽  
R. G. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Seed Lipid ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual

Extensive variability in total lipid composition was observed in seeds of different plant species as well as cultivars within the same species. Susceptibility of plants to soil-incorporated trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) and oryzalin (3,5-dinitro-N4,N4-dipropyisulfanilamide) under greenhouse conditions decreased as the percentage of total lipid in dry seeds increased. Species with high seed lipid levels such as jimsonweed (Datura stramoniumL.), soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.], and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastiMedic.) were less susceptible to these herbicides than were oat [Avena sativa(L.), giant foxtail (Setaria faberiHerrm.), and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench.] with low seed lipid levels. Velvetleaf was the most tolerant to the herbicides. Corn (Zea maysL.) cultivars with a wide range of seed lipid content (4.45 to 17.0% of dry weight) were germinated in herbicide-free soil, but their roots were allowed to grow through trifluralin- or oryzalin-treated soil. Roots of seedlings from seeds with high lipid content had higher lipid contents than those from low-lipid seeds. There was a significant correlation between root lipid content and sensitivity to trifluralin or oryzalin. Roots high in lipids were less susceptible than those with low amounts of lipids. Similar results were obtained for oat cultivars. The fatty acid composition of plant roots differed among plant species and also among cultivars of the same species. The individual fatty acids did not significantly correlate with susceptibility of roots to trifluralin or oryzalin. Root lipid and fatty acid compositions were not significantly altered by trifluralin or oryzalin treatment.

BIOASSAY OF PROLACTIN

1969 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S. Nicoll
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Assay Sensitivity ◽  
Mucosal Epithelium ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Total Dry Weight

ABSTRACT The response of the pigeon crop-sac to systemically acting prolactin (injected subcutaneously) was evaluated by measuring the wet weight of the responsive lateral lobes of the organ and by determining the dry weight of a 4 cm diameter disc of mucosal epithelium taken from one hemicrop. Of several different injection schedules tested, administration of prolactin in four daily injections was found to yield optimal responses. When compared with a graded series of prolactin doses, measurement of the mucosal dry weight proved to be a better method of response quantification than determination of the crop-sac wet weight with respect to both assay sensitivity and precision. The submucosal tissue of the crop-sac was estimated to constitute about 64 % of the total dry weight of the unstimulated organ and it was found to be relatively unresponsive to prolactin stimulation in comparison with the mucosa. The lipid content of the mucosal epithelium was determined using unstimulated crop-sacs or tissues which showed varying degrees of prolactin-induced proliferation. The fat content of the mucosal epithelial cells increased only slightly more rapidly than the dry weight or the defatted dry weight of the mucosa. Suggestions are made for the further improvement of the systemic crop-sac assay for prolactin.

scholarly journals Field Cage Assessment of Feeding Damage by Riptortus pedestris on Soybeans in China

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Wenjing Li ◽  
Yu Gao ◽  
Yinglu Hu ◽  
Juhong Chen ◽  
Jinping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Transfer ◽  
Field Cage ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Riptortus Pedestris ◽  
Green Leaves ◽  
Pest Density

The bean bug, Riptortus pedestris, is a major pest of soybeans. In order to assess the critical stages of soybean damage by R. pedestris, we tested the damage to soybeans at different growth stages (R2, R4, and R6) caused by five densities of R. pedestris (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) through a field cage experiment. The results show that the R4 stage was the most sensitive stage in terms of suffering R. pedestris injury damage, followed by the R6 stage and then the R2 stage. The number of stay green leaves was 7.04 per plant, the abortive pod rate of the soybeans was 56.36%, and the abortive seed rate of the soybeans was 46.69%. The dry weight of the soybeans was 14.20 g at the R4 stage; these values of R4 were significantly higher than at the R2 and R6 stages. However, the dry weight of soybean seed was 4.27 g and the nutrient transfer rate was 27.01% in the R4 stage; these values were significantly lower than in the R2 and R6 stages. The number of stay green leaves, abortive pod rates, and abortive seed rates were all increased significantly with increasing pest density at each stage of soybean growth. However, the nutrient transfer rate was significantly decreased with the increase in the pest density. Soybean nutrition factors changed after they suffered R. pedestris injury; the lipid content of the soybean seed decreased and the lipid content of the soybean plant increased compared to controls, when tested with a density of five R. pedestris in the R4 stage. These results will be beneficial to the future management of R. pedestris in soybean fields.

Diet of European freshwater pearl mussels Margaritifera margaritifera (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Unionoida) in small river (Republic of Karelia, Russia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 325 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-515
Author(s):  
S.F. Komulaynen
Keyword(s):  
Algal Species ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Lake Ladoga ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Margaritifera Margaritifera ◽  
Pearl Mussel ◽  
Organic Detritus ◽  
Unicellular Algae ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intestinal Contents

The freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera (Linnaeus,1758) is endangered in Europe and is now listed in the Red Data Book of many countries and regions. The diet of the species in the Syskyänjoki River (a tributary of Lake Ladoga) has been studied. The contents of the intestine generally correspond to the composition of seston, and include organic detritus, filamentous and unicellular algae, fragments of invertebrates and macrophyte tissues mixed with silt and sand. The total biomass of the intestinal contents of varied from 0.8 to 30.6 mg per organism (absolutely dry weight). Margaritifera margaritifera consumes a wide range of particles, from 0.5 μm3 (bacteria and unicellular algae) to 200 000 μm3 (fragments of invertebrates and macrophyte tissues). About 90–95% (by volume) of the intestinal contents was consisted by fine organic detritus. The food composition did not differ significantly for mollusks of different sexes and size. In the intestinal contents, 63 taxa of algae were identified. The number of algal species in the content of one intestine varied from 3 to 17, with their abundance from 250 to 9560 cells per organism. The most abundant and constant in the contents of the intestines are unicellular algae. Diatoms are the most diverse, they make up 50.8% of the total number of species.

Third generation progress in breeding white clover for resistance to root-knot nematode

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 163-166
Author(s):  
J. Van den Bosch ◽  
C.F. Mercer
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Meloidogyne Sp

Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne sp.) reduces growth and nutrition of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) in New Zealand, and breeding resistant cultivars (with low galls per gram of root) is the preferred control method. Resistant and susceptible selections were bred from a wide range of white clover lines for three generations. In the third generation there were significant differences between seed lines from the selections for number of galls, root dry weight, visual growth score and galls/gram of root dry weight. Resistant selections had 43% of the susceptible selections' galls per gram, and 50% of the number of galls. Germplasm showing resistance to Meloidogyne spp. in the USA showed partial resistance to the local Meloidogyne sp. Two resistant and two susceptible genotypes were also compared for nematode egg production; resistant genotypes had a mean of 3,460 eggs/plant, compared to 25,030 for susceptible genotypes. Keywords: breeding, Meloidogyne sp., resistance, rootknot nematode, screening, selection, Trifolium repens, white clover

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