Effects of Bus Lane Operation on Transportation Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 2019-2023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Luo ◽  
Da Lin Qian
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
User Equilibrium ◽  
Mass Transportation ◽  
Network Efficiency ◽  
Travel Costs ◽  
Congested Networks ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bus Lane ◽  
Transit Operation ◽  
Network Efficiency Measure

In this paper, we proposed a network efficiency measure for congested networks based on the user equilibrium, travel costs, demand and road resources being occupied. Compares the network efficiency on expressway before and after the bus lane operation, the results show that the exclusive bus lane stimulates demand for mass transportation, which greatly improves the efficiency of transit operation. Finally, combined with the survey data, we are clear that how to improve the level of services of public transportation and how to attract more travelers to use buses for commuting.

The Opera and the Omnibus: Material Culture, Urbanism and Boieldieu's La dame blanche

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-114
Author(s):  
Nicole Vilkner
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Reception History ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Mass Transportation ◽  
Musical Work ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

AbstractIn the summer of 1828, the Entreprise générale des Dames Blanches launched a fleet of white omnibuses onto the streets of Paris. These public transportation vehicles were named and fashioned after Boieldieu's opéra comique La dame blanche (1825): their rear doors were decorated with scenes of Scotland, their flanks painted with gesturing opera characters, and their mechanical horns trumpeted fanfares through the streets. The omnibuses offered one of the first mass transportation systems in the world and were an innovation that transformed urban circulation. During their thirty years of circulation, the omnibuses also had a profound effect on the reception history of Boieldieu's opera. When the omnibuses improved the quality of working- and middle-class life, bourgeois Parisians applauded the vehicles’ egalitarian business model, and Boieldieu's opera became unexpectedly entwined in the populist rhetoric surrounding the omnibus. Viewing opera through the lens of the Dames Blanches, Parisians conflated the sounds of opera and street, as demonstrated by Charles Valentin Alkan's piano piece Les omnibus, Op. 2 (1829), which combines operatic idioms and horn calls. Through these examples and others, this study examines the complex ways that material culture affects the dissemination and reception of a musical work.

scholarly journals Identification and Quantification of Node Criticality through EWM–TOPSIS: A Study of Hong Kong’s MTR System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifan Zhang ◽  
S. Thomas Ng
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Network Robustness ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Topsis Method ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Network Efficiency ◽  
Entropy Weight

AbstractPublic transport networks (PTNs) are critical in populated and rapidly densifying cities such as Hong Kong, Beijing, Shanghai, Mumbai, and Tokyo. Public transportation plays an indispensable role in urban resilience with an integrated, complex, and dynamically changeable network structure. Consequently, identifying and quantifying node criticality in complex PTNs is of great practical significance to improve network robustness from damage. Despite the proposition of various node criticality criteria to address this problem, few succeeded in more comprehensive aspects. Therefore, this paper presents an efficient and thorough ranking method, that is, entropy weight method (EWM)–technology for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS), named EWM–TOPSIS, to evaluate node criticality by taking into account various node features in complex networks. Then we demonstrate it on the Mass Transit Railway (MTR) in Hong Kong by removing and recovering the top k critical nodes in descending order to compare the effectiveness of degree centrality (DC), betweenness centrality (BC), closeness centrality (CC), and the proposed EWM–TOPSIS method. Four evaluation indicators, that is, the frequency of nodes with the same ranking (F), the global network efficiency (E), the size of the largest connected component (LCC), and the average path length (APL), are computed to compare the performance of the four methods and measure network robustness under different designed attack and recovery strategies. The results demonstrate that the EWM–TOPSIS method has more obvious advantages than the others, especially in the early stage.

scholarly journals Use of Public Transport and Contraction of SARS-CoV-2 in a Large Prospective Cohort in Norway.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merete Ellingjord-Dale ◽  
Karl Trygve Kalleberg ◽  
Mette Istre ◽  
Anders B. Nygaard ◽  
Sonja H. Brunvoll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Test ◽  
Calendar Time ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Chain Reaction Test ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Background: For many people public transport is the only mode of travel, and it can be challenging to keep the necessary distances in such a restricted space. The exact role of public transportation and risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission is not known. Methods: Participants (n=121 374) were untested adult Norwegian residents recruited through social media who in the spring of 2020 completed a baseline questionnaire on demographics and use of public transport. Incident cases (n=1069) had a positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test registered at the Norwegian Messaging System for Infectious Diseases by January 27, 2021. We investigated the association between use of public transport and SARS-CoV-2 using logistic regression. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for age, calendar time, gender, municipality, smoking, income level, fitness and underlying medical conditions were estimated. Frequency of use of public transport was reported for 2 week-periods. Results: Before lockdown, those who tested positive on SARS-CoV-2 were more likely to have used public transport 1-3 times (OR =1.28, CI 1.09-1.51), 4-10 times (OR=1.49, CI 1.26-1.77) and ≥11 times (OR=1.50, CI 1.27-1.78, p for trend<0.0001) than those who had not tested positive. Conclusion: Use of public transport was positively associated with contracting SARS-CoV-2 both before and after lockdown.

scholarly journals Short rest application reduce workload and musculoskeletal complaints public transportation driver

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
I Ketut Sutapa
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Musculoskeletal Complaints ◽  
Work Systems ◽  
Work System ◽  
Subject Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
System Improvement

It was needed an ergonomic work system to increase productivity for the vehicle driver work systems involves a lot of physical activity. Regarding preliminary observations, it showed the work system that was implemented still has shortcomings, unlike the work organization. Therefore, it needs to be prioritized to be improved. It becomes healthier, safer, more comfortable, and more productive. The driver’s work system improvement was carried out with an ergonomics approach. The study design used was the same subject design with ten people sample for each group. The study focused on the application of short rest with indicators of workload and musculoskeletal excitability before and after the short rest application. Based on the results of research and discussion can be concluded. The short rest application reduced the workload of vehicle drivers 28% from the category of moderate workloads to being moderate and reducing musculoskeletal complaints 42.21%.

scholarly journals Analisis Karakteristik Penggunaan Moda Akses Bandara Internasional Yogyakarta

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Nafilah El Hafizah ◽  
Erwin Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Revealed Preference ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Travel Costs ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Transportation Modes ◽  
National Road ◽  
Revealed Preference Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

The new Yogyakarta International Airport began operations with an airport area of 645.63 hectares with a capacity of 14 million passengers a year. Access to the Yogyakarta international airport is distributed to 4 routes to the airport at Wates national road, Karangnongko road, the Southern Cross Road, Daendels road which is using the railroad mode. This study uses revealed preference analysis which is the approach by conveying a fact choice statement to be given an assessment by the respondent. The sample collection is assumed by the peak passenger of the Adisucipto airport, because the Yogyakarta International Airport is recently opened. It is expected to be able to represent demand predictions at the Yogyakarta International airport in the future. The results of the questionnaire were then processed by using statistical analysis to determine the factors that influence the selection of transportation modes to and from the airport. In research, the factors that influence mode choice are travel costs, travel time, travel distance, and generalized costs. The results illustrate that prospective air transport users are more dominant in choosing travel cost attributes compared to other attributes that influence. With the coefficient of determination is 0.528 and the results of data analysis for the selection of mode of transportation using private vehicles is 57% and public transportation is 43%..

scholarly journals Ridesourcing and Travel Demand: Potential Effects of Transportation Network Companies in Bogotá

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Oviedo ◽  
Isabel Granada ◽  
Daniel Perez-Jaramillo
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Modal Shift ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Transportation Network Companies

This paper proposes a modal-shift analysis methodology based on a mix of small-scale primary data and big data sources to estimate the total amount of trips that are reallocated to transportation network companies (TNCs) services in Bogotá, Colombia. The analysis is focused on the following four modes: public transportation, private vehicles, conventional taxis, and TNC services. Based on a stated preferences survey and secondary databases of travel times and costs, the paper proposes a methodology to estimate the reallocation of travel demand once TNCs start operating. Results suggests that approximately one third of public transportation trips are potentially transferred to TNCs. Moreover, potential taxi and private vehicle–transferred trips account for almost 30% of the new TNC demand. Additionally, approximately half of the trips that are reallocated from public transport demand can be considered as complementary, while the remaining share can be considered as potential replacing trips of public transportation. The paper also estimates the potential increase in Vehicle-km travelled in each of the modes before and after substitution as a proxy to the effects of demand reallocation on sustainability, finding increases between 1.3 and 14.5 times the number of Vehicle-km depending on the mode. The paper highlights the role of open data and critical perspectives on available information to analyze potential scenarios of the introduction of disruptive technologies and their spatial, social, and economic implications.

scholarly journals Sustainability of Public Transportation: An Examination of User Behavior to Real-Time GPS Tracking Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chiang Chan ◽  
Wan Hashim Wan Ibrahim ◽  
May Chiun Lo ◽  
Mohamad Kadim Suaidi ◽  
Shiaw Tong Ha
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Inaccurate Information ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Before And After

Public transportation is an effective method of mobility that promotes cost-saving and is environmentally friendly. Poor public transport ridership in Malaysia is due to the unsatisfactory attitude of public transport users and inaccurate information on departure and arrivals. Sarawak, a state of Malaysia, is especially poor in ridership of public transport. A real-time Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking application (app) was found to be an effective tool to increase the ridership of public transport. Hence, a mobile app named UniBus was developed to enhance the ridership of public transport in Sarawak. The determinants that affect satisfaction and customer loyalty such as accessibility, reliability, comfort, safety, and security were all examined before and after the use of real-time GPS tracking app. The data was collected in Kuching, and targeted public transport users who used the UniBus app. The result indicated that all the mentioned variables were improved after using a real-time GPS tracking app. It is suggested that future studies can consider other factors such as service quality, availability, and perceived value as well as cover other states of Malaysia.

An Iterative Algorithm to Determine the Dynamic User Equilibrium in a Traffic Simulation Model

1998 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 393-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gawron
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Iterative Algorithm ◽  
Traffic Simulation ◽  
User Equilibrium ◽  
Dynamic User Equilibrium ◽  
Queuing Model ◽  
Travel Costs ◽  
Dynamic Version ◽  
The Stability

An iterative algorithm to determine the dynamic user equilibrium with respect to link costs defined by a traffic simulation model is presented. Each driver's route choice is modeled by a discrete probability distribution which is used to select a route in the simulation. After each simulation run, the probability distribution is adapted to minimize the travel costs. Although the algorithm does not depend on the simulation model, a queuing model is used for performance reasons. The stability of the algorithm is analyzed for a simple example network. As an application example, a dynamic version of Braess's paradox is studied.

Digital masquerading: Feminist media activism in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Tan
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Feminist Activism ◽  
Media Activism ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Feminist Politics ◽  
Before And After ◽  
State Surveillance ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Practices

In March 2015, five young feminists were detained and accused of “disturbing public order” through their plan to circulate messages against sexual harassment in public transportation. This article focuses on the feminist media practices before and after the detention of the Feminist Five to shed light on the dynamics between state surveillance and incrimination, media activism, and feminist politics in China. Exploring the practices of the Youth Feminist Action School, it argues that the role of media in this new wave of feminist activism can be better understood as a form of “digital masquerading” in three ways. First, this captures the self-awareness and agency of feminists in their tactical use of media to circumvent censorship. Masquerading in the digital era is an active and self-conscious act leveraging the specificity of media practice to set the media agenda, increase public influence, and avoid censorship. Second, masquerading refers to the digital alteration of images in order to tactically represent women’s bodies in public spaces while circumventing censorship and possible criminalization. It highlights the figurative and the corporeal in online digital activist culture, which are oftentimes overlooked in existing literature. Third, while the masquerade in psychoanalytic theory emphasizes individualized gendered identity, the notion of digital masquerade points to the interface between the medium and the subjects, which involves collective efforts in assembling activist activities and remaking publicness.

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