The Electrosynthesis and Characterization of Thienyl-Group-Bearing Acrylic Polymer as Precursor for Electrochemical Reaction of Thiophene Side-Chain

2014 ◽  
Vol 1053 ◽  
pp. 245-251
Author(s):  
Lu Han ◽  
Yong Luo Qiao ◽  
Wei Qiang Zhou ◽  
Liang Shen ◽  
Jing Kun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Ethyl Acrylate ◽  
Redox Activity ◽  
Pmma Film ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Acrylic Polymer ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Crosslinked Polymer ◽  
Thienyl Group ◽  
Ft Ir

The precursor thienyl-group-bearing acrylic polymer (TE-PAA-co-PMMA), obtained with 3-Ethyl acrylate-thiophene (TE-AA) and methyl methacrylate through free radical polymerization, was prepared electrochemically to free-standing, processible and conducting conjugated PTE-PAA-co-PMMA film by direct anodic oxidation in CH2Cl2 containing 50% boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (BFEE). The structure, electrochemical, optical, thermal properties and morphology of as-formed electropolymer were systematically investigated by FT-IR, cyclic voltammetry, UV-vis, thermogravimetry and scanning electron microscopy. Cyclic voltammetry studies demonstrated that the precursor can be reversibly oxidized and reduced accompanied by obvious color changes from dark blue to transmissive yellow-green and the electropolymer has good redox activity as well as excellent electrochemical stability. Additionally, fluorescence spectra show that the so-obtained crosslinked polymer is still good blue-light emitter.

Experimental Assessment of the Practical Oxidative Stability of Lithium Thiophosphate Solid Electrolytes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Dewald ◽  
Saneyuki Ohno ◽  
Marvin Kraft ◽  
Raimund Koerver ◽  
Paul Till ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Solid Electrolytes ◽  
Stability Limit ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Redox Activity ◽  
Solid State Batteries

<p>All-solid-state batteries are often expected to replace conventional lithium-ion batteries in the future. However, the practical electrochemical and cycling stability of the best-conducting solid electrolytes, i.e. lithium thiophosphates, are still critical issues that prevent long-term stable high-energy cells. In this study, we use <i>stepwise</i><i>cyclic voltammetry </i>to obtain information on the practical oxidative stability limit of Li<sub>10</sub>GeP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>12</sub>, a Li<sub>2</sub>S‑P<sub>2</sub>S<sub>5</sub>glass, as well as the argyrodite Li<sub>6</sub>PS<sub>5</sub>Cl solid electrolytes. We employ indium metal and carbon black as the counter and working electrode, respectively, the latter to increase the interfacial contact area to the electrolyte as compared to the commonly used planar steel electrodes. Using a stepwise increase in the reversal potentials, the onset potential at 25 °C of oxidative decomposition at the electrode-electrolyte interface is identified. X‑ray photoelectron spectroscopy is used to investigate the oxidation of sulfur(-II) in the thiophosphate polyanions to sulfur(0) as the dominant redox process in all electrolytes tested. Our results suggest that after the formation of these decomposition products, significant redox behavior is observed. This explains previously reported redox activity of thiophosphate solid electrolytes, which contributes to the overall cell performance in solid-state batteries. The <i>stepwise cyclic voltammetry</i>approach presented here shows that the practical oxidative stability at 25 °C of thiophosphate solid electrolytes against carbon is kinetically higher than predicted by thermodynamic calculations. The method serves as an efficient guideline for the determination of practical, kinetic stability limits of solid electrolytes. </p>

Experimental Assessment of the Practical Oxidative Stability of Lithium Thiophosphate Solid Electrolytes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Dewald ◽  
Saneyuki Ohno ◽  
Marvin Kraft ◽  
Raimund Koerver ◽  
Paul Till ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Solid Electrolytes ◽  
Stability Limit ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Redox Activity ◽  
Solid State Batteries

<p>All-solid-state batteries are often expected to replace conventional lithium-ion batteries in the future. However, the practical electrochemical and cycling stability of the best-conducting solid electrolytes, i.e. lithium thiophosphates, are still critical issues that prevent long-term stable high-energy cells. In this study, we use <i>stepwise</i><i>cyclic voltammetry </i>to obtain information on the practical oxidative stability limit of Li<sub>10</sub>GeP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>12</sub>, a Li<sub>2</sub>S‑P<sub>2</sub>S<sub>5</sub>glass, as well as the argyrodite Li<sub>6</sub>PS<sub>5</sub>Cl solid electrolytes. We employ indium metal and carbon black as the counter and working electrode, respectively, the latter to increase the interfacial contact area to the electrolyte as compared to the commonly used planar steel electrodes. Using a stepwise increase in the reversal potentials, the onset potential at 25 °C of oxidative decomposition at the electrode-electrolyte interface is identified. X‑ray photoelectron spectroscopy is used to investigate the oxidation of sulfur(-II) in the thiophosphate polyanions to sulfur(0) as the dominant redox process in all electrolytes tested. Our results suggest that after the formation of these decomposition products, significant redox behavior is observed. This explains previously reported redox activity of thiophosphate solid electrolytes, which contributes to the overall cell performance in solid-state batteries. The <i>stepwise cyclic voltammetry</i>approach presented here shows that the practical oxidative stability at 25 °C of thiophosphate solid electrolytes against carbon is kinetically higher than predicted by thermodynamic calculations. The method serves as an efficient guideline for the determination of practical, kinetic stability limits of solid electrolytes. </p>

Synthesis and Characterization of Polyaniline Film

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 1382-1385
Author(s):  
Na Xu ◽  
Xiao Dong Shen ◽  
Sheng Cui
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Pani Film ◽  
Cyclic Voltammograms ◽  
Ultrasonic Dispersion ◽  
Switching Speed ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Fast Switching ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Relationship

The electrochromic PANI film was prepared by emulsion polymerization with dodecyl benzene sulphonic acid (DBSA) as dopant and ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator. Ultrasonic dispersion was adopted in the polymerization. The electrochemical properties, the surface morphology and structure of the prepared PANI film was characterized by means of Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), cyclic voltammograms (CV) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), respectively. The relationship between the morphology and properties of PANI film was detailedly discussed. The PANI film exhibited an excellent electrochromism with reversible color changes form yellow to purple. The PANI film also had quite good reaction kinetics with fast switching speed, and the response time for oxidation and reduction were 65 ms and 66 ms, respectively.

Clay Intercalated PVA-Nafion Bipolymer Matrix as Proton Conducting Nanocomposite Membrane for PEM Fuel Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 807 ◽  
pp. 161-168
Author(s):  
B. Narayanamoorthy ◽  
B. Dineshkumar ◽  
S. Balaji
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposite ◽  
Nanocomposite Membranes ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Clay Materials ◽  
Sem Analyses

The amino functionalized magnesium phyllosilicate clay (AC) intercalated over PVA-Nafion hybrid nanocomposite membranes were prepared by sol-gel method. The free standing membranes were obtained by solution recasting. The composition of clay materials such as AC and montmorillonite (MMT) was varied between 2-10 wt.% with respect to PVA-Nafion content. The molecular interactions and surface morphology of nanocomposite membranes were investigated by FT-IR and SEM analyses respectively. The thermal and mechanical stabilities of nanocomposite membranes were studied using TGA and Nanoindentation techniques. For 6 wt. % AC/PVA-Nafion, TGA results showed no appreciable mass change up to 380 °C and hardness calculated from nanoindentation studies was nearly 30 % higher than the other compositions. An improved conductivity was obtained for 6 wt. % AC/PVA-Nafion (1.4×10-2 S/cm) compared to pure Nafion (1.2×10-2 S/cm) and PVA-Nafion and MMT/PVA-Nafion composite membranes. From these studies, we observed that 6 wt. % AC/PVA-Nafion membrane possessed a good conductivity with higher thermal and mechanical stabilities.

Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Linear Benzoxazine-Containing Polytriazole via Metal-Free Click Reaction and its Self-Crosslinking Behavior

2012 ◽  
Vol 557-559 ◽  
pp. 973-978
Author(s):  
Zhong Yi Xu ◽  
Lei Du ◽  
Li Qiang Wan ◽  
Fa Rong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Click Reaction ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Linear Polymer ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Crosslinked Polymer ◽  
Degradation Behaviors ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Increasing Temperature

A novel linear benzoxazine-containing polytriazole was successfully synthesized via metal-free click reaction. Benefited from the advantages of click reaction, the synthesis procedure was easily and efficiently. The linear polymer could be transformed into crosslinked structure after ring-opening polymerization of oxazine induced by the increasing temperature. The FT-IR characterization verified the structure transformation between linear and crosslinked polymer. Moreover, the thermal properties and thermal degradation behaviors of linear polymer and the corresponding crosslinked polymer were studied by DSC and TGA. The novel polytriazole was proved to be a kind of thermal stable polymers with high thermal decomposition temperature (Td5over 300°C).

Electrochemically Synthesis and Characterization of Copolymers Based on 1, 4-Diethoxybenzene and 3, 4-Ethylenedioxythiophene

2011 ◽  
Vol 335-336 ◽  
pp. 989-993
Author(s):  
Mi Ouyang ◽  
Zhen Wei Yu ◽  
Yi Xu ◽  
Yu Jian Zhang ◽  
Cheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Monomer Mixture ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Copolymers based on 1, 4-diethoxybenzene (DEB) and 3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) were electrochemically synthesized and characterized. The structures of the copolymers were established by 1H NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. The results indicated the final product was a copolymer instead of a blend or a composite. The physical properties were systematically investigated by cyclic voltammetry, UV-vis absorption and fluorescence. The PL maximum of copolymers presented obviously red-shift to long wavelength as the feed ratio of EDOT in monomer mixture increased.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Various Polyaniline / Clay Nanocomposites Derived from Aniline and Substituted Aniline Derivatives by Mechanochemical Intercalation Method

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1477-1483 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kalaivasan ◽  
S. Syed Shafi
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Oxidizing Agent ◽  
Mechanical Grinding ◽  
Green Colour ◽  
Aniline Derivatives ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Uv Visible

Polyaniline clay nanocomposite can be prepared by mechano-chemical method in which intercalation of anilinium ion into the clay lattices accomplished by mechanical grinding of sodium montmorillonite (Na+MMT) in presence of anilinium hydrochloride at room temperature using mortar & pestle for about 30 min and subsequent grinding with oxidizing agent, ammonium peroxysulfate. The appearance of green colour indicates the formation of polyaniline/clay nanocomposite (PANI/Clay). Similarly aniline derivatives likeo-toludine ando-anisidine in the form of HCl salt can form intercalation into the clay lattices. The intercalated aniline derivatives were ground mechanically in presence of oxidizing agent ammonium peroxysulfate lead to formation of substituted polyaniline/ clay nanocomposites. The characteristics of various polyaniline-clay nanocomposites were investigated using UV-Visible, FT-IR, cyclic voltammetry studies.

Synthesis and Photoelectric Properties of a Novel Polymerizable Perylene Diimide Electron Acceptor Material

2013 ◽  
Vol 651 ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Si Li Yi ◽  
Qing Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Perylene Diimide ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Broad Absorption ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Photoelectric Properties ◽  
Reversible Redox ◽  
Ft Ir

A novel polymerizable perylene diimide electron acceptor 1,7-bis(N,N-bis(4-methoxy phenyl)aniline)-N-(3-(2-ethylhexoxy)propylamide)-N-hexyl-perylene diimide acrylate (PDA) have been synthesized, and the chemical structures are confirmed by 1H NMR and FT-IR. The PDA shows broad absorption bands in 400–850 nm, and the optical bandgap is calculated to be 1.45 eV. Cyclic voltammetry results confirm that PDA display a couple of reversible redox peaks, the LUMO and HOMO levels of PDA were calculated as -3.82 eV and -5.16 eV, respectively.

Synthesis and Characterization of Complex from K4[Co(SCN)6], Zinc(II) Chloride and Quinoline as Electrode Material of K-Ion Battery

2020 ◽  
Vol 851 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Ade Rifaldi ◽  
Fariati ◽  
Husni Wahyu Wijaya ◽  
Wiwin Dwi Jayanti ◽  
Stephane Golhen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Direct Reaction ◽  
Reaction Method ◽  
Ft Ir

Prussian Blue Like (PBL) compounds that are potentially used as K-Ion Battery (KIB) electrodes have been synthesized from zinc(II) chloride and quinoline (Qn) precursors combining melting and direct reaction method. The formed K2[Zn(Qn)2][Co(SCN)6] compounds melt in range 179-181°C with conductivity value reaches 468 μS/cm. Thiocyanate and quinoline ligands were characterized using FT-IR and UV-Vis spectrometry. The cyclic voltammetry of the formed compounds showed the reduction potential up to -0.34 V (versus AgCl/Ag).

Self-crosslinkable polymers from furan-functionalized Meldrum's acid and maleimides as effective precursors of free-standing and flexible crosslinked polymer films showing low dielectric constants

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1606-1613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Ho Huang ◽  
Ying-Ling Liu
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Films ◽  
Michael Addition ◽  
Alder Reaction ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Crosslinked Polymer ◽  
Low Dielectric ◽  
Diels Alder Reaction ◽  
Reactive Polymers

The integration of Michael addition and Diels–Alder reaction in the synthesis of reactive polymers for self-standing and flexible crosslinked polymer films.

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