Electrospinning Using Solution of Waste Polyacrylonitrile

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 3136-3139
Author(s):  
Chun Xue Zhang ◽  
Bo Sun
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Electrospun Fibers ◽  
Fiber Structure ◽  
Ultrafine Fibers ◽  
Ultrafine Fiber ◽  
Dimethylformamide Solution ◽  
Scanning Electron

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ultrafine fiber was prepared by electrospinning of PAN solution made from waste PAN. Diameters of the electrospun fibers as well as distribution of them were characterized by scanning electron microscope. The results show that the waste polyacrylonitrile/ N,N-dimethylformamide solution can be used for electrospinning after simply treatment-filtration. Uniform ultrafine fibers with diameters between 100 nm and 250nm could be obtained. With increasing concentration of waste PAN from 9% to 10%, the morphology was changed from beaded fiber to uniform fiber structure and the fiber diameter was also increased from110nm to 184 nm gradually. A narrow distribution of fiber diameters was observed at a voltage of 22kV. However, more beaded fibers were observed for longer tip–collecting foil distance.

Fabrication of Polyacrylonitrile Nanoporous Fibers via Electrospinning

2013 ◽  
Vol 457-458 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Na Si ◽  
Lan Xu ◽  
Fu Juan Liu ◽  
Hong Ying Liu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Electrospun Fibers ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Pan Fiber ◽  
Single Process ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study provide several straightforward ways to fabricate nanoporous fibers with diameters in the rang from nanometers to several micrometers.The PAN nanoporous fibrous materials are unique in their ultrahigh specific surface and porous geometry and have the potential to meet emerging needs in advanced technical applications. PAN nanoporous fibers were electrospun in a single process by varying solvent compositions. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and Polylactide (PLA) bicomponent electrospun fibers, upon removal of the PLA by CF solvent extraction, became nanoporous. The surface morphology of the electrospun PAN fiber are investigated by a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).

Effect of PEO on the Hydrophilicity of PLLA Ultrafine Fibers

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 2390-2393
Author(s):  
Jia Xu ◽  
Jin Xian Wang ◽  
Xiang Ting Dong ◽  
Gui Xia Liu ◽  
Wen Sheng Yu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Polyethylene Oxide ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Ultrafine Fibers ◽  
Scanning Electron

The Polyethylene oxide (PEO) / Poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) ultrafine blend fibers have been prepared by electrospinning. The hybrid solvent of trichloromethane and ethanol was found to be the co-solvent for electrospinning. The PEO/PLLA blend solutions in various ratios were studied for electrospinning into ultrafine fibers. The morphology of the fibers was shown by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The hydrophilicity of fiber samples was characterized by determining their water contact angle. The spun ultrafine fibers are expected to be used in the native extracellular matrix for tissue engineering.

Effect of Process Parameters on Poly(butylene adipate co-terephthalate) Nanofibers Development by Electrospinning Technique

2014 ◽  
Vol 894 ◽  
pp. 360-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Prasanna ◽  
T. Monisha ◽  
V. Ranjithabala ◽  
Ravikant Gupta ◽  
E. Vijayakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Optimal Setting ◽  
Scanning Electron

Electrospinning process is proved to be one of the finest fabrication techniques to produce nanofibers. This research deals with the experimental study on the effect of various process parameters of electrospinning technique such as voltage, flow rate, distance (nozzle to collector distance) and concentration, on the development of nanofibers from a new polymer, namely PBAT. Taguchis experimental design was implemented to carry out this research by conducting an L-18 orthogonal array. Taguchi method and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were employed to examine the effect of different process parameters simultaneously on the fabrication of nanofibers. The fibers were characterized through scanning electron microscope (SEM) for the measurement of its diameter. The experimental results indicate that all the chosen process parameters had significant influence on the fiber diameter. It was inferred that the concentration and voltage had a very notable impact on the fiber diameter. Confirmation experimental run was performed on the identified optimal setting of the process parameters.

Research on the Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Microstructure of Chafer Cuticle

2006 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 135-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Xiang He Peng ◽  
C. Cai ◽  
Q. Dong
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Insect Cuticle ◽  
Hybrid Fiber ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
Shape Property ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this paper, the microstructure of chafer cuticle is observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The observation shows that the insect cuticle is a kind of biocomposite with hybrid structural characteristic of various chitin fibers embedded in protein matrix. The reinforced chitin fibers vary in size, shape, property and distribution, which are related to their location in the cuticle. Near the surface of the cuticle, the chitin fibers are smaller, stiffer, more circular, and the orientations of the chitin-fiber plies are various. A kind of helicoidal layup is found. The dependence of fracture strength on the fiber diameter and the dependence of fracture toughness on the parameters related to helicoidal layup are experimentally investigated. It shows that the smaller fiber and the helicoidal layup endow the surface of the cuticle with higher fracture strength and toughness.

Fiber-Spiral Microstructures of Bamboo and Biomimetic Research

2010 ◽  
Vol 447-448 ◽  
pp. 657-660
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Quan Yuan ◽  
Ji Luo
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Spiral Structure ◽  
Bamboo Fiber ◽  
Parallel Fiber ◽  
Fiber Structure ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Sem Observation ◽  
Scanning Electron

The microstructures of a whangee (a kind of bamboo) were observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). It showed that the whangee is a kind of natural cellular biocomposite consisting of countless bamboo cells. The bamboo cells are columnar and all of them are parallel with the surface of the bamboo. The observation also showed that the walls of the bamboo cell are a kind of fiber-reinforced biocomposite with bamboo fiber-spiral mcirstructure. Based on the SEM observation, a kind of biomimetic composite with the fiber-spiral structure was fabricated. The fracture toughness of the composite was investigated and compared with that of the conventional composite with parallel-fiber structure. It showed that the fracture toughness of the biomimetic composite is markedly larger than that of the conventional composite.

Nanofiber Sheets with the Superabsorbent Properties

2011 ◽  
Vol 354-355 ◽  
pp. 210-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka Martinová ◽  
Daniela Lubasová
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Electrospun Fibers ◽  
Realistic Potential ◽  
Rate Of Absorption ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Nanofiber Sheets

The new electrospinning technology NanospiderTM offering a realistic potential for industrial production was used for creation of nanofiber sheets from aqueous solutions of partially neutralized poly(acrylic) acid with crosslinking agent. Produced nanofiber sheet was crosslinked by heat treatment. Absorption capacity and rate of absorption were tested and compared with superabsorbent particles and commercial superabsorbent fibers. The morphology of electrospun fibers was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Possibilities of fiber diameter influence were studied.

The Alteration of the Pore Spaces in Sandstones

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
R. E. Ferrell ◽  
G. G. Paulson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Depositional Fabric ◽  
Soluble Components ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Shape And Size

The pore spaces in sandstones are the result of the original depositional fabric and the degree of post-depositional alteration that the rock has experienced. The largest pore volumes are present in coarse-grained, well-sorted materials with high sphericity. The chief mechanisms which alter the shape and size of the pores are precipitation of cementing agents and the dissolution of soluble components. Each process may operate alone or in combination with the other, or there may be several generations of cementation and solution.The scanning electron microscope has ‘been used in this study to reveal the morphology of the pore spaces in a variety of moderate porosity, orthoquartzites.

The Broad Applications of the Scanning Electron Microscope

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 20-21
Author(s):  
C. T. Nightingale ◽  
S. E. Summers ◽  
T. P. Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Great Depth ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Depth Of Field ◽  
Pictorial Representations ◽  
Scanning Electron

The ease of operation of the scanning electron microscope has insured its wide application in medicine and industry. The micrographs are pictorial representations of surface topography obtained directly from the specimen. The need to replicate is eliminated. The great depth of field and the high resolving power provide far more information than light microscopy.

Observability of Very Thick Specimen by Using Transmission Scanning Electron Microscope

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
K. Shibatomi ◽  
T. Yamanoto ◽  
H. Koike
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Image Contrast ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Thick Specimen ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

In the observation of a thick specimen by means of a transmission electron microscope, the intensity of electrons passing through the objective lens aperture is greatly reduced. So that the image is almost invisible. In addition to this fact, it have been reported that a chromatic aberration causes the deterioration of the image contrast rather than that of the resolution. The scanning electron microscope is, however, capable of electrically amplifying the signal of the decreasing intensity, and also free from a chromatic aberration so that the deterioration of the image contrast due to the aberration can be prevented. The electrical improvement of the image quality can be carried out by using the fascionating features of the SEM, that is, the amplification of a weak in-put signal forming the image and the descriminating action of the heigh level signal of the background. This paper reports some of the experimental results about the thickness dependence of the observability and quality of the image in the case of the transmission SEM.

Resolution of a Transmitted Electron Image Formed by A Scanning Electron Microscope

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 386-387
Author(s):  
S. Takashima ◽  
H. Hashimoto ◽  
S. Kimoto
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Probe Diameter ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
Conventional Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron

The resolution of a conventional transmission electron microscope (TEM) deteriorates as the specimen thickness increases, because chromatic aberration of the objective lens is caused by the energy loss of electrons). In the case of a scanning electron microscope (SEM), chromatic aberration does not exist as the restrictive factor for the resolution of the transmitted electron image, for the SEM has no imageforming lens. It is not sure, however, that the equal resolution to the probe diameter can be obtained in the case of a thick specimen. To study the relation between the specimen thickness and the resolution of the trans-mitted electron image obtained by the SEM, the following experiment was carried out.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document