Study on the Hydrolysis of PET Catalyzed by Carbonates under Microwave Irradiation

2014 ◽  
Vol 1078 ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Zhi De Liu ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Mi Mi Wang ◽  
Dong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Zinc Carbonate ◽  
Hydrolytic Reaction ◽  
Microwave Hydrolysis ◽  
Catalyst Dosage ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Temperature Time

A study for optimizing the experimental conditions for the hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) catalyzed by carbonates was performed. The main influence factors of PET microwave hydrolytic reaction, such as the reaction temperature, time and catalyst dosage, were confirmed and these effects on the catalysis of PET microwave hydrolysis were studied in detail. The results showed that the sequence of influence factors was reaction temperature>reaction time> catalyst dosage. The optimal experimental conditions under the catalyst of basic zinc carbonate were that the catalyst dosage, 0.75%; the reaction time, 210 min; the reaction temperature, 200°C.

Characterization and Application Process Optimization of CuO/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst in CWAO Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 1008-1009 ◽  
pp. 338-341
Author(s):  
Yu Xiu Zhang ◽  
Cheng Zhi Wang ◽  
Yong Li Zhang ◽  
Zhang Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Oxygen Partial Pressure ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Carrier Distribution ◽  
Influent Water ◽  
Catalyst Dosage ◽  
Stirring Intensity

CuO/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was used to deal with the waste leachate in CWAO technology of, and the SEM and TEM characterization showed: active component in the surface of the carrier distribution is uniform; In CWAO process, six factors, based on the CODCr removal rate and turbidity removal rate, the biggest impact factor is reaction temperature, and the influence factors of the top three were reaction temperature, catalyst dosage and reaction time. The influence factors of those in the bottom three are influent water pH, oxygen partial pressure, stirring intensity, and three factors of influence on the strength is close. Optimizing operation process, in order: reaction temperature of 200 °C, catalyst dosage of 1.5 g, oxygen partial pressure of 2.0 MPa, stirring intensity 800 rpm, influent water pH of 7.0, the reaction time of 70 min.

Research of Catalytic Oxidation Synthesis of Cyclopentene to Glutaraldehyde

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 1149-1152
Author(s):  
Qi Dong Yan ◽  
Jun Xu ◽  
Feng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Tertiary Butanol ◽  
Catalyst Dosage ◽  
Main Influence ◽  
Oxidation Synthesis

The paper has studied the process of using H2O2 as oxidant and tungsten acid as catalyst, catalytic oxidation synthesis process of cyclopentene to glutaraldehyde and explored the main influence factors of the reaction, including the reaction time, reaction temperature, catalyst dosage and solvent. Furthermore, the quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis of the product was characterized by gas chromatography. The optimum synthetic condition was as follows: tertiary butanol as solvent, tungsten acid: boron anhydride(mass ratio)=1:1, 30%H2O2 as oxidant, the reaction temperature 35°C, the reaction time 4h, the yield of glutaraldehyde yield was 46%.

Research of Preparation Factors on Magnetic Cassava Starch Microspheres

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 1513-1517
Author(s):  
Ping Lan ◽  
Yu Xian Feng ◽  
A Ming Chen ◽  
Lei Lei Qiao ◽  
Li Hong Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Optimal Conditions

Magnetic cassava starch microspheres have been prepared by means of the method of precipitation magnetization, cassava starch as raw material adsorbing or embedding Fe3O4, many influence factors on magnetic cassava starch iron rate such as pH, reaction time, stirring speed, ratio of Fe+3 to Fe+2, reaction temperature also investigated in this paper. On the base above research, we preliminary got the optimal conditions on the synthesis of magnetic cassava starch microspheres.

Study on the Hydrolysis of Pollen in Pure Water under Microwave Irradiation

2013 ◽  
Vol 683 ◽  
pp. 222-225
Author(s):  
Huan Wang ◽  
Li Li Geng ◽  
Bo Wu ◽  
Na Liu ◽  
Dong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Microwave Power ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Pinus Massoniana ◽  
Hydrolysis Reaction ◽  
Microwave Hydrolysis

Pinus massoniana pollen was hydrolyzed by using the method of orthogonal experiment in pure water under microwave irradiation. The main influence factors of pollen microwave hydrolysis reaction was confirmed as temperature, weight ratio of pollen to water, microwave power and the reaction time, and its effects on the pollen microwave hydrolysis reaction was studied in detail. The results showed that the sequence of influence factors was reaction temperature>weight ratio of pollen to water>microwave power>reaction time. The optimal reaction conditions was that the temperature, 120oC; the power, 120W; the reaction time, 150min; the weight ratio of pollen to water, 1:10.

Study on the Preparation of Chitosan-Based Resin

2010 ◽  
Vol 160-162 ◽  
pp. 1810-1815
Author(s):  
Jing Xian Li ◽  
Juan Qin Xue ◽  
Ming Wu ◽  
Yu Jie Wang ◽  
Wei Bo Mao
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Reactant Ratio ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Stirring Rate ◽  
Formaldehyde Crosslinking ◽  
New Type

With chitosan as the raw material, a new type of resin material is synthesized through formaldehyde crosslinking. The effects of the reactant ratio, the reaction temperature, the reaction time, the stirring rate and the system pH on the cross-linking rate are studied in detail. The resin material is then characterized by means of IR. The experimental results show that the reaction occurs mainly on the amino and the hydroxyl of chitosan. The chitosan-based resin material with good properties of sphericity and acidresistivity can be prepared under the optimal experimental conditions, which are found to be 1:5 for the ratio of chitosan and formaldehyde, 60°C for the temperature, 1 h for the reaction time, 440r/min for the stirring rate and 10 for the pH.

Resource recovery of waste incineration fly ash: Synthesis of tobermorite as ion exchanger

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 4437-4442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhidong Yao ◽  
Chikashi Tamura ◽  
Motohide Matsuda ◽  
Michihiro Miyake
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Hydrothermal Treatment ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Temperature Time ◽  
Waste Incineration Fly Ash

Tobermorite was synthesized successfully from waste incineration fly ash by hydrothermal treatment in the presence of sodium hydroxide solution. The tobermorite synthesis was examined as a function of reaction temperature, time, and NaOH concentration. The formation of tobermorite was identified in all of the fly ash treated with NaOH at 180 °C, followed by the minor generations of sodalite and cancrinite phases with increasing NaOH concentration and extending reaction time. The NaOH-treated fly ash revealed the uptake behaviors for Cs+ and NH4+, whereas the fly ash untreated with NaOH solution did not show that. The uptake amounts of resulting products were also determined: 0.40 mmol/g for Cs+ and 0.35 mmol/g for NH4+ in the fly ash treated with 2.0 M NaOH at 180 °C for 20 h.

scholarly journals Investigating the zinc ion adsorption capacity of a chitosan/β-cyclodextrin complex in wastewater

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Jiaxin Liu ◽  
Siqi Wang ◽  
Xiuqing Ding ◽  
Jingyi Fu ◽  
Jun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Zinc Ion ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Industrial Waste Water ◽  
Cyclodextrin Complex ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 400 ◽  
Adsorption Rates

To decrease the amount of Zn2+ in industrial waste water, in this study, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was first modified and then used to obtain a β-cyclodextrin polymer (β-CDP). The effects of reaction temperature and reaction time of β-CD with citric acid (CA), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400), and disodium hydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4) on the amount of β-CDP produced were investigated. The results showed that at a reaction temperature of 145 °C and a reaction time of 4.5 h, 6.58 g of β-CDP was produced. Then, chitosan (CTS) was crosslinked with β-CDP using glutaraldehyde to prepare a chitosan/β-cyclodextrin (CTS/β-CDP) complex. The mass ratio of CTS to β-CDP, reaction temperature, reaction time, and amount of added glutaraldehyde were used as the main variables to examine the Zn2+ adsorption rate and adsorption capacity of the composites prepared in this study. The optimum experimental conditions were as follows: a mass ratio of 3:10, a reaction temperature of 80 °C, a reaction time of 90 min, and 2 mL of glutaraldehyde. Under these optimal conditions, the adsorption amount and adsorption rates of Zn2+ using CTS/β-CDP complex were respectively 97.70 mg·g-1 and 78.92%.

Effect of Ultrasound on Acid-Alcohol Treated Hydrolysis of Starch

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 1330-1333
Author(s):  
Jie Zheng ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Rong Liu ◽  
Zhi Hua Zhang ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid Concentration ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Fat Substitutes ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Temperature Time

Excessive intake of fat will damage human health seriously, and it can also cause obesity, high blood pressure, atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. So low fat foods gradually become highly widespread. As a result, fat substitutes are focused, which have the same physical and sensory properties as fat, and can be used in place of fat in many cases. In this work, fat substitute was prepared by acid-alcohol treated hydrolysis of corn starch with and without ultrasound. Some factors affecting the DE of starch hydrolysate were investigated by experiments with and without ultrasound, including reaction temperature, time, ethanol concentration, and hydrochloric acid concentration. Enhancements of the hydrolysis by ultrasound was observed.The results showed that the DE increased with the rise of reaction temperature, time and hydrochloric acid concentration. However, it decreased as the increase of alcohol concentration. Ultrasound can accelerate the hydrolysis evidently, and increased the DE by at least 22.22%.

Oxidative Desulfurization Performance Optimization of Tert-Amyl Hydroperoxide

2014 ◽  
Vol 686 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Ning Bo Huo ◽  
Zhi Gang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Oxidative Reaction ◽  
Catalyst Amount ◽  
Reaction Condition ◽  
Model Oil

The desulphurization experiment of oil-soluble oxidant tert-amyl hydroperoxide with dibenzothiophene dissolved in decalin as model-oil was researched. Characterisation on oxidation product was made, and dibenzothiophene removal rate was computed. The influence factors of the oxidative reaction regent amount and the condtions of reaction temperature and reaction time were optimized and compared. The best reaction condition was reaction temperature 90°C, reaction time 3 h, ratio of oxygen to sulfur 4:1, catalyst amount 0.12 g. Dibenzothiophene removal rate reached 97% in this reaction condition.

Magnesium Recovery from Desiliconization Slag of Nickel Laterite Ores by Carbonization

2013 ◽  
Vol 813 ◽  
pp. 255-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Ning Mu ◽  
Shuang Zhi Shi ◽  
Yu Chun Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Nickel Laterite ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Carbonation Process ◽  
Laterite Ores ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments

This work examines the recovery of magnesium from desiliconization slag of nickel laterite ores by carbonation process. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, liquid/solid ratio and CO2 flow rate on magnesium dissolution are investigated. The optimized experimental conditions of recovering magnesium were gained by the analysis of orthogonal experiments.

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