Application of Talcum Powder as Filler in the Production of Base Sheet of Paper-Process Reconstituted Tobacco

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 1164-1168
Author(s):  
Liang Wang ◽  
Feng Lan Wang ◽  
Yao Mao ◽  
Yuan Jun Yao ◽  
Yang Bing Wen
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Final Evaluation ◽  
Absorption Characteristic ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Talcum Powder ◽  
Liquid Absorption ◽  
Scale Experiment

The application of talcum powder (TP) as filler in the production of base sheet of paper-process reconstituted tobacco were studied both by laboratory scale experiment and pilot scale trial. The results showed that using TP as filler of the base sheet obviously improved the ash content and liquid absorption characteristic of the base sheet compared with using precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC). Meanwhile, the smoking qualities of the base sheets were evaluated by the tobacco experts and the final evaluation results showed that the base sheet with TP had better smoking quality.

scholarly journals Effect of PCC crystallization and morphology on flocculation with microfibrillated cellulose, on sheet densification and liquid absorption behavior

Cellulose ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (17) ◽  
pp. 10151-10166
Author(s):  
Teija Laukala ◽  
Johanna Lyytikäinen ◽  
Katriina Mielonen ◽  
Kaj Backfolk
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Material Flow ◽  
Microfibrillated Cellulose ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Floc Structure ◽  
Liquid Absorption ◽  
Sheet Structure ◽  
Flocculation Aid ◽  
Flocculating Agent

Abstract Composite sheets consisting of elongated and aggregated cationically charged precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) and native microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) were prepared with a wet laying method. The furnishes were prepared with and without an anionic flocculating agent (polyacrylamide) in order to adjust the structure of the sheet. The samples were compressed (densified) in order to determine the particle and microfibrillated cellulose-PCC structure coalescence and densification, as well as its subsequent influence on liquid absorption behavior. The densification affected both the vertical and lateral distribution of PCC, but the flocculating agent enhanced the compression stability and stabilized the sheets against PCC material flow. The differences between the sheets made with and without the flocculation aid affected the absorption of an anionic dye-based fluid ink, which was evident as a higher print density and less print bleeding. The absorption behavior was dependent on the sheet structure, especially on the PCC distribution within the sheets. Finally, the role of MFC on floc structure and floc formation is discussed. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Small Pilot System for the Manufacture of in Situ Precipitated Calcium Carbonate in the Presence of Pulp Fibers

2021 ◽  
pp. 118-123
Author(s):  
Klaus Dölle ◽  
Bardhyl Bajrami
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Pulp Fiber ◽  
Paper Machine ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Eucalyptus Pulp

Paper fillers materials are less expensive than fiber, allowing reduced production costs and improvement of paper properties. A small pilot scale in-situ laboratory calcium carbonate filler precipitation unit was developed and designed with the objective to provide enough pulp fiber containing in-situ precipitated calcium carbonate for a small 12-inch (304 mm) wide laboratory paper machine. The in-situ precipitation system requires the reactants calcium hydroxide and carbon dioxide and was tested with a eucalyptus pulp fiber pulp suspension. The final precipitated in-situ filler content achieved was 38.2%, 55.5% and 66.6% based on initial eucalyptus pulp fiber content. The precipitation time from an initial pH of 12.77, 12.76 and 11.98 to an final pH of 7.29, 7.55, and 7.28 for the 3 kg, 6kg, and 9 kg of calcium hydroxide reactant addition was 45 minutes for the 3 kg and 9 kg calcium hydroxide addition and 40 min. for the 6 kg calcium hydroxide addition.

scholarly journals Modelling particle growth of calcium carbonate in a pilot-scale pellet fluidized bed reactor

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui-zhu Hu ◽  
Ting-lin Huang ◽  
Gang Wen ◽  
Shang-ye Yang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Growth Model ◽  
Growth Kinetics ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Particle Growth ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Bed Height ◽  
Scale Experiment

Pellet fluidized bed reactors have been widely used to soften water. Reports from laboratory-scale research on the particle growth kinetics of calcium carbonate in pellet reactors have been put forward. However, the reports have not been comprehensive as they only consider the influence of supersaturation on the calcium carbonate growth process. The influence of three factors, namely, the superficial velocity (SV), particle size (L0), and supersaturation (S) on the particle growth rate of calcium carbonate were investigated in a pilot-scale study, and two models of particle growth rate and fixed bed height growth rate were built. The linear particle growth model G = 3.90 × 10−SV1.93L0−1.56S2.13 at the bottom of the pellet reactor was built based on a pilot-scale study of particle growth kinetics influenced by SV, L0, and S. The growth of the fixed bed height is closely related to the particle growth and also influenced by the three factors. The fixed bed growth model Rh = 5.19 × 10−8SV1.65L0−0.93S2.58 also incorporates SV, L0, and S, and provides a method for calculating the fixed bed height. The two models were built based on the pilot-scale experiment and were different from those previously reported. They are applicable as pellet discharge guides and are used in the management of pellet reactors.

Effect of source of supplemental protein and calcium on the phosphorus requirements of broiler chicks in cages

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (82) ◽  
pp. 679 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Karunajeewa
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Dolomitic Limestone ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Phosphorus Requirement ◽  
Tibia Ash

In two experiments the phosphorus requirement of broiler chicks in cages was studied using soybean meal and peanut meal as alternative protein supplements, and ground dolomitic limestone and precipitated calcium carbonate as alternative calcium supplements. The broiler chicks used in these experiments survived well on diets containing only 0.33-0.37 per cent plant phosphorus. The addition of 0.1 5 per cent inorganic phosphorus to such diets significantly improved liveweight gain and efficiency of feed conversion. Tibia ash content increased with each addition of inorganic phosphorus. The plant-protein supplements had no differential effects on the phosphorus requirement of the broiler chicks. Ground dolomitic limestone as compared with precipitated calcium carbonate depressed liveweight gain and tibia ash content. The optimum levels of calcium and phosphorus for maximum growth and tibia ash content were 0.6 and 0.57 per cent of the diet, respectively. Under the conditions of these experiments, the requirement of total phosphorus for broiler chicks during the first four weeks of life was between 0.57 and 0.62 per cent of the diet. Of this total phosphorus requirement, about 0.15 to 0.20 per cent should be in the inorganic form.

Gravel Media Filtration as a Constructed Wetland Component for the Reduction of Suspended Solids from Maturation Pond Effluent

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Sapkota ◽  
H. J. Bavor
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Media Component ◽  
Scale Experiment

Experiments were carried out in a horizontal gravel media filter (GMF) with media size ranging from 5-40 mm. Such gravel-based, sub-surface flow units have been used in both planted and unplanted formats in a range of constructed wetland systems. This GMF was subjected to various hydraulic application rates ranging from 1 m3/(m2.d) to 36 m3/(m2.d) over a twc-year period. The range of suspended solids (SS) concentration was 2-36 mg/l and that of turbidity (NTU) was 3-44 during the experimental period. The average removal of suspended solids varied from 30-86%. It was observed that SS was reduced by a maximum of 86% at an application rate of 13m3/(m2.d), within the above noted SS range. An additional laboratory scale experiment was carried out with artificially grown algae in a vertical perspex tube of 190 mm inner diameter (I.D.) in upward flow condition. Results from the laboratory scale and pilot scale experiments are presented and discussed. The study demonstrates that a constructed wetland format with a subsurface flow and horizontal gravel media component could be used as an alternative method for reducing suspended solids from maturation pond effluent

A method for measuring the in-plane compressive strength and the compression behavior of coating layers

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
TEEMU PUHAKKA ◽  
ISKO KAJANTO ◽  
NINA PYKÄLÄINEN
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Coating Layer ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Coating Films ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Coating Color ◽  
Mineral Coatings ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Cracking at the fold is a quality defect sometimes observed in coated paper and board. Although tensile and compressive stresses occur during folding, test methods to measure the compressive strength of a coating have not been available. Our objective was to develop a method to measure the compressive strength of a coating layer and to investigate how different mineral coatings behave under compression. We used the short-span compressive strength test (SCT) to measure the in-plane compressive strength of a free coating layer. Unsupported free coating films were prepared for the measurements. Results indicate that the SCT method was suitable for measuring the in-plane compressive strength of a coating layer. Coating color formulations containing different kaolin and calcium carbonate minerals were used to study the effect of pigment particles’ shape on the compressive and tensile strengths of coatings. Latices having two different glass transition temperatures were used. Results showed that pigment particle shape influenced the strength of a coating layer. Platy clay gave better strength than spherical or needle-shaped carbonate pigments. Compressive and tensile strength decreased as a function of the amount of calcium carbonate in the coating color, particularly with precipitated calcium carbonate. We also assessed the influence of styrene-butadiene binder on the compressive strength of the coating layer, which increased with the binder level. The compressive strength of the coating layer was about three times the tensile strength.

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