Investigation of Groundwater Potential in Melaka District of Malaysia

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 4553-4556
Author(s):  
S.M. Shirazi ◽  
Imran Hosen ◽  
Mohammad Sholichin ◽  
Shatirah Akib
Keyword(s):  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Pumping Test ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Deep Groundwater ◽  
Deep Aquifer ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Deep Boreholes

The paper assesses groundwater quality and productivity in Melaka, Peninsular Malaysia. 238 data set shallow boreholes, 20 data set deep boreholes were collected and continuous pumping test data were used to determine productivity of the aquifers. 68 water samples were tested for water quality. The productivity of the wells and the characteristics of the aquifer were evaluated by pumping test using both the constant discharge rate and steps drawdown methods. The potential of shallow groundwater is low with average discharge <5 m3/hour. The potential of deep groundwater is high category with average discharge > 20 m3/hour. The results show that 32% (538 km2) from total area of Melaka district (1650 km2) is low potential categories, 56% (922 km2) is moderate and 12% (194 km2) is high. Based on the chemical data, the quality of deep aquifer is fresh. Therefore, it is available for drinking water with minimum treatment.

scholarly journals Analysis of Aquifer Pumping Test Data to Determine Deep Groundwater Security in Southeastern Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 125-143
Author(s):  
Anwar Zahid ◽  
Farhana Islam ◽  
M. Rashidul Hassan ◽  
Kamrul Islam ◽  
Nur Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Pumping Test ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Deep Groundwater ◽  
Deep Aquifer ◽  
Fresh Groundwater ◽  
Deep Aquifers ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Upper Aquifer

In southeastern Bangladesh, where water quality in the upper aquifers is a serious constraint, future development will likely be confined to deep fresh groundwater. Owing to the importance and pervasive use of deep groundwater, the sustainability of water use has received extensive attention. However, excessive extraction from deep aquifers may pose a threat to the storage as well as the quality of water due to the high susceptibility to salinization and arsenic contamination from upper aquifers. Hence, determining the extension of aquifer units and the characterizing aquifer sediments are very important to ensure sustainable development and management of limited fresh groundwater resources. The study area extends over six districts of the southeastern coastal region of Bangladesh. In order to assess and monitor deep fresh groundwater potential in the study area, aquifer pumping tests were performed at six locations with up to 72 h of constant-discharge prior to recovery. Different methods were used to analyze the drawdown and recovery data considering aquifers as confined or leaky-confined. Based on transmissivity values it was found that the studied deep aquifers have moderate to high potential for potable water supply. However, this deep fresh groundwater may not be safe for a longer period where upper aquifer units contain saline groundwater and where there is no significant aquitard encountered above or below the deep aquifer. Irrigation extraction of the deep groundwater is not recommended.

scholarly journals Hydrogeological Classification and the Correlation of Groundwater Chemistry with Basin Flow in the South-Western Part of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahpara Sheikh Dola ◽  
Khairul Bahsar ◽  
Mazeda Islam ◽  
Md Mizanur Rahman Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Shallow Aquifer ◽  
Deep Basin ◽  
Deep Groundwater ◽  
Deep Aquifer ◽  
Delta Plain ◽  
Type Water

Attempt has been made to find the relationship between the basin groundwater flow and the current water chemistry of south-western part of Bangladesh considering their lithological distribution and aquifer condition. The correlation of water chemistry and basin groundwater flow is depicted in the conceptual model. The water-types of shallow groundwater are predominantly Mg-Na-HCO3 and Ca- Mg-Na-HCO3 type. In the deep aquifer of upper delta plain is predominately Na-Cl, Ca-HCO3 and Mg- HCO3 type. In the lower delta plain Na-Cl type of water mainly occurs in the shallow aquifer and occasionally Ca-HCO3, Ca-Mg-Na-HCO3 and Mg-HCO3 type may also occur in shallow aquifer of the eastern part of lower delta plain which could have originated from the recent recharge of rain water. Na- Cl type water is also found in the deep aquifer of lower delta plain. The origin of Na-Cl type water in the deep aquifer of lower delta part might be connate water or present day sea water intrusion. Fresh water occurring in the deep aquifer in the lower delta area is mostly of Mg-Ca-HCO3 and Na-HClO3 types. This type of water originate from intermediate or deep basin flow from the northern part of Bangladesh. The probable source of deep groundwater is Holocene marine transgression (Khan et al. 2000) occurred in 3000–7000 cal years BP and the deep groundwater of Upper Delta plain and Lower Delta plain is clearly influenced by deep basin flow coming from north part of BangladeshJournal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 42, No. 1, 41-54, 2018

scholarly journals Analysis of the potential contamination risk of groundwater resources circulating in areas with anthropogenic activities

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Spizzico ◽  
N. Lopez ◽  
D. Sciannamblo
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Deep Groundwater ◽  
Deep Aquifer ◽  
Eastern Area ◽  
Contamination Risk ◽  
Basement Rocks ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite

Abstract. The area investigated is located in the province of Brindisi (Italy). It is a generally flat area separated from the nearby carbonatic plateau of the Murgia by quite indistinct and high fault scarps. As regards the geological features, carbonatic basement rocks and post-cretaceous terrains made up of calabrian calcarenites and middle-upper Pleistocenic marine terraced deposits can be distinguished. In the examined area there are two different hydrogeological environments. The first is represented by deep groundwater, the main groundwater resource in Apulia. The second hydrogeological environment, now of lesser importance than the deep aquifer in terms of size and use, is made up of some small shallow groundwater systems situated in post-calabrian sands and located in the eastern area. During some sampling cycles carried out in the studied area, water was withdrawn from both the deep aquifer and from the shallow groundwater. For every sample, the necessary parameters were determined for the physical and chemical characterisation of two different hydrogeological environments. Moreover, some chemical parameters indicating anthropogenic activities were determined. Analysis of the aerial distribution of the measured parameters has shown some main areas subject to different conditions of contamination risk, in accordance with the hydrogeological and geological features of the investigated area. In the south-eastern part of the investigated area, the important action performed by the surface aquifer for protecting the deep groundwater from contamination of anthropogenic origin is clear. On the other hand, in the shallow groundwater, areas of nitrate and nitrite contamination have been identified, which result from the extensive use of fertilizers.

scholarly journals An investigation of groundwater condition by geoelectrical resistivity method: A case study in Bengalon, East Kutai, East Kalimantan Province Indonesia

PROMINE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Shalaho Dina Devy ◽  
Ibnu Hasyim
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Alluvial Deposits ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Groundwater Condition ◽  
Geoelectrical Resistivity

Bengalon is located in East Kutai Regency, East Kalimantan Province. Bengalon is included in the Samarinda-Bontang groundwater basin. The development of agricultural and industrial areas, followed by an increase in residential areas, will cause an increase in the water demand. This study aims to determine the groundwater potential of alluvial areas using the resistivity geoelectric method. The resistivity survey resulted in subsurface lithology, shallow groundwater conditions in the form of depth, thickness, and location of the aquifer as well as the type of groundwater quality. There are 10 locations for geoelectric data collection using the 2D geoelectric method. The results showed that the majority of the aquifers were alluvial deposits consisting of sand and sandy clay. The resistance indicating groundwater is 1 - 4 Ω m, at a depth of 10 – 50 m with a thickness varying from 10 – 20 m which has been dominated by sand. The presence of sea water intrusion in aquifers causes the quality of groundwater to tend to be brackish because the research location is in a swamp area bordering the coast.

scholarly journals The provenance of deep groundwater and its relation to arsenic distribution in the northwestern Hetao Basin, Inner Mongolia

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 09015
Author(s):  
Shuai Liu ◽  
Huaming Guo ◽  
Hai Lu ◽  
Zhuo Zhang ◽  
Weiguang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Alluvial Fans ◽  
Deep Groundwater ◽  
Incongruent Dissolution ◽  
Deep Aquifer ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Arsenic Distribution ◽  
Fissure Water ◽  
High Arsenic

High arsenic (As) groundwater has been found in deep aquifer of the northwestern Hetao Basin. Little is known about the source of high As deep groundwater and its role in As distribution. Based on strontium (Sr) isotopes, this study aims to investigate the provenance of high arsenic deep groundwater (DGW). 87Sr/86Sr in DGW gradually decreased from the alluvial fans to the flat plain. Results show that fissure water, plagioclase dissolution, and shallow groundwater (SGW) controlled the 87Sr/86Sr variation. Although the reductive dissolution of As-containing iron oxide controlled the As mobilization, the leaching of phyllite and meta-basalt, incongruent dissolution of plagioclase, and vertical mixing with SGW also played an important role in increasing As concentrations in DGW approximately along the flow paths.

scholarly journals Groundwater quality and hydrogeological characteristics of Malacca state in Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharif Moniruzzaman Shirazi ◽  
Md. Ibrahim Adham ◽  
Noorul Hassan Zardari ◽  
Zubaidah Ismail ◽  
Hosen Md Imran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Discharge Capacity ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Pumping Test ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Iron Chloride ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Deep Aquifer ◽  
Hydrogeological Characteristics

Abstract Groundwater quality and aquifer productivity of Malacca catchment in Peninsular Malaysia are presented in this article. Pumping test data were collected from 210 shallow and 17 deep boreholes to get well inventory information. Data analysis confirmed that the aquifers consisting of schist, sand, limestone and volcanic rocks were the most productive aquifers for groundwater in Malacca state. GIS-based aquifer productivity map was generated based on bedrock and discharge capacity of the aquifers. Aquifer productivity map is classified into three classes, namely high, moderate and low based on discharge capacity. Groundwater potential of the study area is 35, 57 and 8% of low, moderate and high class respectively. Fifty two shallow and 14 deep aquifer groundwater samples were analyzed for water quality. In some cases, groundwater quality analysis indicated that the turbidity, total dissolved solids, iron, chloride and cadmium concentrations exceeded the limit of drinking water quality standards.

scholarly journals Study of Groundwater Types Using the Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) Method in the ‘Martani Field’ Ngemplak District of Yogyakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 457-461
Author(s):  
Nurul Dzakiya ◽  
Muhammad Faizal Zakaria ◽  
Dewa Gede Eka Setiawan ◽  
Robertus Belardo Laksmana
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Vertical Electrical Sounding ◽  
Deep Groundwater ◽  
Rock Formations ◽  
Electrical Sounding ◽  
Groundwater Basin ◽  
Andesite Lava

Study of groundwater types using the Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) method in 'Martani Field’ Ngemplak District of Yogyakarta was done by carrying out eight measurement points to look for groundwater potential. This area is an area on the southern slopes of Mount Merapi which is included in the Yogyakarta Groundwater Basin. The type of lithology is identified based on the measurement of its resistivity value so that there are several types of lithology, namely Breccia (110-670 Ωm), Clay (1.99-10.12 Ωm), Sandstones (17.06-56.82 Ωm) and andesite lava (688-1657 Ωm). The bottom of the aquifer in this basin is composed of rock formations that are impermeable or semi impermeable which are non-aquifer, namely by Breccias, Clay and Andesite Lava. The existence of sandstones that act as aquifers is found near the surface at a depth of <25 m and at a depth of about 60-100 m below the surface so that it is divided into two categories, namely shallow groundwater and deep groundwater.

A New Life for the St. Croix River

1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-577
Author(s):  
Harold S. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Regulated River ◽  
Secondary Treatment ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Oxygen Regime ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

Abstract The water quality of the upper 110 kilometres of the St. Croix River is considered to be pristine. A major industrial discharge renders the lower 14 kilometres of the river a water quality limited segment. Prior to 1970 the Georgia-Pacific Pulp and Paper Mill at Woodland, Maine, discharged untreated effluent directly into the river causing dissolved oxygen concentrations to drop well below 5 mg/L, the objective chosen in the interest of restoring endemic fish populations. Since 1972, the Mill has installed primary and secondary treatment, regulated river discharge rate and effluent composition which has greatly improved the summer dissolved oxygen regime. By 1980, dissolved oxygen concentrations were generally above 5.0 mg/L and restocking the river with Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) was initiated.

The ENT emergency clinic: does senior input matter?

2012 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Mirza ◽  
L McClelland ◽  
M Daniel ◽  
N Jones
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Operating Theatre ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Number Of Patients

AbstractBackground:Many ENT conditions can be treated in the emergency clinic on an ambulatory basis. Our clinic traditionally had been run by foundation year two and specialty trainee doctors (period one). However, with perceived increasing inexperience, a dedicated registrar was assigned to support the clinic (period two). This study compared admission and discharge rates for periods one and two to assess if greater registrar input affected discharge rate; an increase in discharge rate was used as a surrogate marker of efficiency.Method:Data was collected prospectively for patients seen in the ENT emergency clinic between 1 August 2009 and 31 July 2011. Time period one included data from patients seen between 1 August 2009 and 31 July 2010, and time period two included data collected between 1 August 2010 and 31 July 2011.Results:The introduction of greater registrar support increased the number of patients that were discharged, and led to a reduction in the number of children requiring the operating theatre.Conclusion:The findings, which were determined using clinic outcomes as markers of the quality of care, highlighted the benefits of increasing senior input within the ENT emergency clinic.

scholarly journals Calling for improved quality in the registration of traditional Chinese medicine during the public health emergency: a survey of trial registries for COVID-19, H1N1, and SARS

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoran Kuang ◽  
◽  
Xiaoyan Li ◽  
Jianxiong Cai ◽  
Yaolong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Diagnosis Criteria

Abstract Objective To assess the registration quality of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinical trials for COVID-19, H1N1, and SARS. Method We searched for clinical trial registrations of TCM in the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) on April 30, 2020. The registration quality assessment is based on the WHO Trial Registration Data Set (Version 1.3.1) and extra items for TCM information, including TCM background, theoretical origin, specific diagnosis criteria, description of intervention, and outcomes. Results A total of 136 records were examined, including 129 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) and 7 H1N1 influenza (H1N1) patients. The deficiencies in the registration of TCM clinical trials (CTs) mainly focus on a low percentage reporting detailed information about interventions (46.6%), primary outcome(s) (37.7%), and key secondary outcome(s) (18.4%) and a lack of summary result (0%). For the TCM items, none of the clinical trial registrations reported the TCM background and rationale; only 6.6% provided the TCM diagnosis criteria or a description of the TCM intervention; and 27.9% provided TCM outcome(s). Conclusion Overall, although the number of registrations of TCM CTs increased, the registration quality was low. The registration quality of TCM CTs should be improved by more detailed reporting of interventions and outcomes, TCM-specific information, and sharing of the result data.

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