Catalytic Activity of SWNTs/Pd Catalyst in Suzuki Reaction

2011 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 2404-2408 ◽  
Author(s):  
You Ming Cao
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Control Experiment ◽  
Suzuki Reaction ◽  
Pd Catalyst ◽  
Reaction Condition ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Optimum Reaction Condition

Pd catalyst is very active in Suzuki reaction. As a heterogeneous catalyst, SWNTs/Pd shows highly catalytic ability with Suzuki reaction. We will demonstrate the effect of catalyst’s amount, the reaction time and temperature on Suzuki reaction in this work. In comparison, a control experiment used commercial Pd/C as catalyst in Suzuki reaction has been done. An optimum reaction condition of about reacting 60 min at 50°C with 5% (mass%) catalyst is confirmed finally, and a better catalytic ability of SWNTs/Pd than commercial Pd/C is also observed.

Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Cationic Type Asphalt Emulsifier

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 4265-4268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lai Shun Shi ◽  
Jing Jing Chen ◽  
Mei Jie Sun ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Shu Jie Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Nonyl Phenol ◽  
Reaction Condition ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Optimum Reaction Condition

A novel cationic type asphalt emulsifier of 2-triethylenetetramine methylene-4-nonylphenol was synthesized by the reaction of nonyl phenol, triethylenetetramine and formaldehyde. The optimum reaction condition was obtained. The yield reaches 49.21% at the optimum reaction condition of the feedstock mole ratio of formaldehyde to nonyl phenol 2.8, feedstock mole ratio of triethylenetetramine to nonyl phenol 1.0, reaction temperature 95°C, and reaction time 5 h. The structure of the emulsifier was identified by FTIR. The emulsifier exhibits satisfactory emulsification. The emulsifier belongs to the class of rapid-set asphalt emulsifiers.

Studies on Optimum Conditions of Synthesizing Theaflavins by Using Bio-Enzyme Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 138-139 ◽  
pp. 929-932
Author(s):  
Wan Ping Fang ◽  
Li Pu Wang ◽  
Jun Yu ◽  
Peng Xiang Yue ◽  
Xin Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Orthogonal Experimental Design ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Green Tea Powder ◽  
Enzyme Method ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Optimum Reaction Condition

Green tea powder and polyphenol oxidase extracted from eggplant has been used to explore the optimum condition for theaflavins synthesis under single factor and orthogonal experimental design. The results showed that pH value had significant effect on theaflavins synthesis. The optimum reaction condition was, under the temperature of 25°C, the system pH value 4.5, substrates concentration 2.5 g/L, and 35 mL crude enzyme with 196 U, reaction time 40 min, then the total content of theaflavins reached to 7.45 mg.

Synthesis and Characterization of AlCl3 Impregnated Molybdenum Oxide as Heterogeneous Nano-Catalyst for the Friedel-Crafts Acylation Reaction in Ambient Condition

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 8243-8250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind H. Jadhav ◽  
Amutha Chinnappan ◽  
Vishwanath Hiremath ◽  
Jeong Gil Seo
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Molybdenum Oxide ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Acylation Reaction ◽  
Reaction Condition ◽  
Nano Catalyst ◽  
Simple Filtration

Aluminum trichloride (AlCl3) impregnated molybdenum oxide heterogeneous nano-catalyst was prepared by using simple impregnation method. The prepared heterogeneous catalyst was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, FT-IR spectroscopy, solid-state NMR spectroscopy, SEM imaging, and EDX mapping. The catalytic activity of this protocol was evaluated as heterogeneous catalyst for the Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction at room temperature. The impregnated MoO4(AlCl2)2 catalyst showed tremendous catalytic activity in Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction under solvent-free and mild reaction condition. As a result, 84.0% yield of acyl product with 100% consumption of reactants in 18 h reaction time at room temperature was achieved. The effects of different solvents system with MoO4(AlCl2)2 catalyst in acylation reaction was also investigated. By using optimized reaction condition various acylated derivatives were prepared. In addition, the catalyst was separated by simple filtration process after the reaction and reused several times. Therefore, heterogeneous MoO4(AlCl2)2 catalyst was found environmentally benign catalyst, very convenient, high yielding, and clean method for the Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction under solvent-free and ambient reaction condition.

Single-Step Conversion of Cellobiose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) Catalyzed by Poly Ionic Liquid

2014 ◽  
Vol 1004-1005 ◽  
pp. 885-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Lei Song ◽  
Yong Shui Qu ◽  
Chong Pin Huang ◽  
Li Hai Ge ◽  
Ying Xia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Reaction Condition ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Poly Ionic Liquid ◽  
Optimum Reaction Condition

The PIL which were prepared from imidazole and epichlorohydrin were used as catalysts for the conversion of cellobiose to 5-HMF. Effects of the catalyst anion, solvents, reaction temperature, and recycling time were investigated in detail. The optimum reaction conditions for conversion of cellobiose into 5-HMFcatalysed by [IMEP]BF4 were temperature 180 oC, cellobiose 0.5 g, and [IMEP]BF4 0.25 g in DMSO(30 mL). In this condition the yield of 5-HMF can reach 39.2% for 420min. The good positive correlation between the concentration of glucose and the formation rate of 5-HMF was given, and the conversion of glucose into 5-HMF is the key step of formation of 5-HMF from cellobiose. Moreover, [IMEP]BF4 has well cycle performance in the optimum reaction condition.

Study on Acid Hydrolysis of Cationic Starch

2011 ◽  
Vol 287-290 ◽  
pp. 2565-2568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Jian Kun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Good Prospect ◽  
Cationic Starch ◽  
Substitution Degree ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Optimum Reaction Condition ◽  
Product Viscosity

Cationic starch is a kind of sizing agent which have good prospect of application, but its high viscosity limits its use. In this work low substitution degree cationic starch (DS=0.03) was hydrolyzed with HCL to reduce the viscosity. The acidolysis factors on cationic starch viscosity such as reaction time, reaction temperature and concentration of HCL has been studied. The results revealed that the optimum reaction condition was 1.83% HCL for dry cationic starch, under 55°C for 5 hours, the product viscosity was 11.5mpa.s. By choosing different process parameters can get products of series viscosities.

Alkylation of Phenol with Cyclohexanol Catalyzed by Acidic Ionic Liquid

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 188-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Bing Yu ◽  
Jun Nan ◽  
Jing Cheng Zhang ◽  
Jian Zhou Gui
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Reactant Ratio ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Optimum Reaction

Alkylation of phenol with cyclohexanol catalyzed by acidic ionic liquid has been investigated. The influences of reaction temperature, reaction time, reactant ratio (mol ratio of phenol to cyclohexanol), the amount and the recycle of ionic liquid on catalytic activity were studied. The conversion of phenol and the selectivity of paracyclohexylphenol were 75.5% and 61.6%, respectively, under optimum reaction conditions. The ionic liquid was utilized repeatedly over three times without remarkable loss of catalytic activity．

Synthesis of Novel Cationic Asphalt Emulsifier and its Investigation by Online FTIR Spectrophotometry

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Jie Sun ◽  
Lai Shun Shi ◽  
Zhe Ying Jin ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Xiang Tao
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Ftir Technique ◽  
Online Ftir ◽  
Ftir Spectrophotometry ◽  
Optimum Reaction Condition

A novel cationic asphalt emulsifier of N-(3-polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether (10)-2-hydroxyl) propyl-N,N,N-triethyl ammonium chloride was synthesized by nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (NP-10), epichlorohydrin and triethylamine. The optimum reaction condition was obtained. The yield reaches 48.72% at the optimum conditions of the feedstock mole ratio of NaOH to NP-10 1.0, the mole ratio of epichlorohydrin to NP-10 1.2, the mole ratio of triethylamine to NP-10 1.2, reaction temperature 70°C, and reaction time 8 h. The structure of the emulsifier was identified by FTIR. The synthesis process was monitored by online FTIR technique and the intermediate was detected. Based upon the experimental data, a plausible reaction mechanism was proposed for the reaction. The emulsifier belongs to slow-set asphalt emulsifier.

A Simple and Efficient Route for Preparing 4-Chloro-3,5-Dinitropyrazole

2014 ◽  
Vol 1025-1026 ◽  
pp. 466-469
Author(s):  
Qiao Rui ◽  
Yan Hong Wang ◽  
Yong Xiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Energetic Compound ◽  
Efficient Route ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Single Factor Experiment ◽  
Optimum Reaction Condition ◽  
C Nmr

4-Chloro-3,5-dinitropyrazole(ClDNP) as an insensitive energetic compound has been prepared with 4-Chloropyrazole(4-ClP)via nitrated by mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid. The reactionconditions were investigated, such as the molar ratio of 4-chloropyrazole and HNO3, reaction temperature, reaction time. Through the single factor experiment, the optimum reaction condition was determined that the molar ratio of 4-chloropyrazole and HNO3 was 1:4, the reaction time was 4h, the reaction temperature was 100-105°C. The yield of the ClDNP was up to 73.8% under the above conditions．The ClDNP was re-crystallization by methylbenzene.The target product was characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Gauss Photography．

scholarly journals Pinacol Coupling Reaction of Benzaldehyde Mediated by TiCl3-Zn in Basic Media Under Ultrasound Irradiation

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-206
Author(s):  
Wang Shu-Xiang ◽  
Wang Ke ◽  
L Ji-Tai
Keyword(s):  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Ultrasound Irradiation ◽  
Reaction Condition ◽  
Pinacol Coupling ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Optimum Reaction Condition

Pinacol coupling of benzaldehyde mediated by TiCl3-Zn in basic media under ultrasound irradiation can lead to the corresponding pinacol rapidly. The optimum reaction condition is chosen.

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