Developing Uniaxial Tensile Test as an Alternate Method for Thermo Mechanical Process Evaluation

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 5404-5408
Author(s):  
Dedi Priadi ◽  
Richard A. M. Napitupulu ◽  
Eddy S. Siradj
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Test ◽  
Plane Strain ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Forming Limit Diagram ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Forming Limit ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Mechanical Process ◽  
Uniaxial Test

The alternate method for evaluating the thermo mechanical process has been developed. Small attention has been paid to the mechanism of plastic deformation especially plane strain analysis. Modified the specimen geometry and using uniaxial tensile test was done to view the process. Experimental results show that the forming limit diagram as one of the formability characteristic can be view the plane strain condition that present on the thermo mechanical process. The microstructure result shows that there is a similar grain structure between hot tensile test and hot rolling results as one of thermo mechanical process method. It was concluded that the uniaxial test using universal testing machine could be done to evaluate the thermo mechanical process.

Fundamental Investigation for Tensile Test Using Conical Cupping Die

2014 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 292-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyuki Ota ◽  
Takashi Iizuka
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Test ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Forming Limit Diagram ◽  
Forming Limit ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Bulge Test ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Biaxial Tensile ◽  
Specimen Shape ◽  
Specimen Edge

A number of researches have conducted in order to evaluate the ductile fracture occurrence by using forming limit diagram. However, specimen shape and testing machine for obtaining forming limit diagram of sheet metal have some problems. The problem about specimen shape is occurring at the specimen edge. In uniaxial tensile test, the specimen edge may cause a defused neck in width direction and may have influence on fracture occurrence. In biaxial tensile test by using a cruciform specimen, a uniform biaxial deformation is not obtained because uniaxial tensile stress occurs at the specimen edge. Tensile test by using a specimen which does not have such edges should carry out, for example, in bulge test and multi-axial tube expansion test, specimens without edge are used. However, these methods need special machines. Therefore, new biaxial tensile testing method is required. By this method, materials deform depending on biaxial strain state by using popular pressing machines.

An innovation in finite element simulation via crystal plasticity assessment of grain morphology effect on sheet metal formability

2021 ◽  
pp. 146442072110246
Author(s):  
Mostafa Habibi ◽  
Roya Darabi ◽  
Jose C de Sa ◽  
Ana Reis
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Crystal Plasticity ◽  
Forming Limit Diagram ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Forming Limit ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Polycrystal Plasticity ◽  
Grain Distribution

Experimental and numerical study regarding the uniaxial tensile test and the forming limit diagram are addressed in this paper for AL2024 with the face-centered cube structure. First, representation of a grain structure can be obtained directly by mapping metallographic observations via scanning electron microscopy approach. Artificial grain microstructures produced by Voronoi Tessellation method are employed in the model using VGRAIN software. By resorting to the finite element software (ABAQUS) capabilities, the constitutive equations of the crystal plasticity were utilized and implemented as a user subroutine material UMAT code. The hardening parameters were calibrated by a trial and error approach in order to fit experimental tensile results with the simulation. Then the effect of the changing grain size, the heterogeneity factor, and the grain aspect ratio were studied for a uniaxial tensile test to emphasize the importance of the microstudy behavior of grains in material behavior. Furthermore, the polycrystal plasticity grain distribution was employed in the Nakazima test in order to obtain the forming limit diagram. The crystal plasticity-driven forming limit diagram reveals more accurate strains, taking into account the involving the micromechanical features of the grains. An innovative approach is pursued in this study to discover the necking angle, both in tensile test or Nakazima samples, showing a good agreement with the experiment results.

scholarly journals Forming limit diagram prediction of 6061 aluminum by GTN damage model

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasoul Safdarian
Keyword(s):  
Damage Model ◽  
Forming Limit Diagram ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Forming Limit ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Gtn Model ◽  
Gtn Damage Model

Forming limit diagram (FLD) is one of the formability criteria which is a plot of major strain versus minor strain. In the present study, Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman (GTN) model is used for FLD prediction of aluminum alloy 6061. Whereas correct selection of GTN parameters’ is effective in the accuracy of this model, anti-inference method and numerical simulation of the uniaxial tensile test is used for identification of GTN parameters. Proper parameters of GTN model is imported to the finite element analysis of Nakazima test for FLD prediction. Whereas FLD is dependent on forming history and strain path, forming limit stress diagram (FLSD) based on the GTN damage model is also used for forming limit prediction in the numerical method. Numerical results for FLD, FLSD and punch’s load-displacement are compared with experimental results. Results show that there is a good agreement between the numerical and experimental results. The main drawback of numerical results for prediction of the right-hand side of FLD which was concluded in other researchers’ studies was solved in the present study by using GTN damage model.

Forming Limit Diagram of the AMS 5599 Sheet Metal

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 1213-1217
Author(s):  
W. Fracz ◽  
F. Stachowicz ◽  
T. Trzepieciński ◽  
T. Pieją
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Plastic Anisotropy ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Forming Limit Diagram ◽  
Forming Limit ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Strain Hardening Exponent ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Anisotropy Ratio

Abstract Formability of sheet metal is dependent on the mechanical properties. Some materials form better than others - moreover, a material that has the best formability for one stamping may behave very poorly in a stamping of another configuration. For these reasons, extensive test programs are often carried out in an attempt to correlate material formability with value of some mechanical properties. The formability of sheet metal has frequently been expressed by the value of strain hardening exponent and plastic anisotropy ratio. The stress-strain and hardening behaviour of a material is very important in determining its resistance to plastic instability. However experimental studies of formability of various materials have revealed basic differences in behaviour, such as the ”brass-type” and the ”steel-type”, exhibiting respectively, zero and positive dependence of forming limit on the strain ratio. In this study mechanical properties and the Forming Limit Diagram of the AMS 5599 sheet metal were determined using uniaxial tensile test and Marciniak’s flat bottomed punch test respectively. Different methods were used for the FLD calculation - results of these calculations were compared with experimental results

scholarly journals On Characteristics of Ferritic Steel Determined during the Uniaxial Tensile Test

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3117
Author(s):  
Ihor Dzioba ◽  
Sebastian Lipiec ◽  
Robert Pala ◽  
Piotr Furmanczyk
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Test ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Constitutive Relationship ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Material Weakness ◽  
Uniaxial Test ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tensile Test Data

Tensile uniaxial test is typically used to determine the strength and plasticity of a material. Nominal (engineering) stress-strain relationship is suitable for determining properties when elastic strain dominates (e.g., yield strength, Young’s modulus). For loading conditions where plastic deformation is significant (in front of a crack tip or in a neck), the use of true stress and strain values and the relationship between them are required. Under these conditions, the dependence between the true values of stresses and strains should be treated as a characteristic—a constitutive relationship of the material. This article presents several methodologies to develop a constitutive relationship for S355 steel from tensile test data. The constitutive relationship developed was incorporated into a finite element analysis of the tension test and verified with the measured tensile test data. The method of the constitutive relationship defining takes into account the impact of high plastic strain, the triaxiality stress factor, Lode coefficient, and material weakness due to the formation of microvoids, which leads to obtained correctly results by FEM (finite elements method) calculation. The different variants of constitutive relationships were applied to the FEM loading simulation of the three-point bending SENB (single edge notched bend) specimen to evaluate their applicability to the calculation of mechanical fields in the presence of a crack.

Tensile Testing for Determining Sheet Formability

2004 ◽  
pp. 101-114
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Test ◽  
Plane Strain ◽  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Accurate Indication ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
Sheet Formability

Abstract Sheet metal forming operations consist of a large family of processes, ranging from simple bending to stamping and deep drawing of complex shapes. Because sheet forming operations are so diverse in type, extent, and rate, no single test provides an accurate indication of the formability of a material in all situations. However, as discussed in this chapter, the uniaxial tensile test is one of the most widely used tests for determining sheet metal formability. This chapter describes the effect of material properties and temperature on sheet metal formability. Information on the types of formability tests is also provided. The chapter discusses the processes involved in uniaxial and plane-strain tensile testing. Examples include the uniaxial tensile test and the plane-strain tensile test which are subsequently described.

Fracture Energy of Reactive Powder Concrete Based on Uniaxial Tensile Test

2011 ◽  
Vol 306-307 ◽  
pp. 519-522
Author(s):  
Hai Yan Yuan ◽  
Ming Zhe An ◽  
Fang Fang Jia ◽  
Zhi Gang Yan
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Test ◽  
Fracture Energy ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Strain Curve ◽  
Reactive Powder Concrete ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Stress Strain Curve ◽  
Concentration Problem ◽  
Reactive Powder

Based on uniaxial tensile test, the complete uniaxal tensile stress-strain curve of Reactive Powder Concrete (the steel fiber content by volume is Vf =1%, 2%) was obtained, and the fracture energy of RPC specimens with cross-section of 100mm by 100mm was calculated. The test was finished through Universal Testing Machine without any stiffness-strengthen devices. In order to solve the stress concentration problem, a self-designed uniaxial tensile test equipment was developed, and a dumbbell-shaped specimen was used in the test. The results indicate that the fracture energy of RPC increased as well as the increasing of Vf.

scholarly journals Calibration of Advanced Yield Criteria Using Uniaxial and Heterogeneous Tensile Test Data

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
Andraž Maček ◽  
Bojan Starman ◽  
Nikolaj Mole ◽  
Miroslav Halilovič
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Test ◽  
Strain Field ◽  
Plastic Anisotropy ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Biaxial Stress ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Biaxial Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Full Field

Conventionally, plastic anisotropy is calibrated by using standard uniaxial tensile and biaxial test results. Alternatively, heterogeneous strain field specimens in combination with full-field measurements can be used for this purpose. As reported by the literature, such an approach reduces the number of required tests enormously, but it is challenging to obtain reliable results. This paper presents an alternative methodology, which represents a compromise between the conventional and heterogeneous strain field calibration technique. The idea of the method is to use simple tests, which can be conducted on the uniaxial testing machine, and to avoid the use of advanced measuring equipment. The procedure is accomplished by conducting standard tensile tests, which are simple and reliable, and by a novel heterogeneous strain field tensile test, to calibrate the biaxial stress state. Moreover, only two of the parameters required for full characterisation need to be inversely identified from the test response; the other parameters are directly determined from the uniaxial tensile test results. This way, a dimension of optimization space is reduced substantially, which increases the robustness and effectiveness of the optimization algorithm.

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