Influences of Microstructure and Texture on Toughness of Acicular Ferrite Pipeline Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 245-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Wen Zhou ◽  
Hao Yu
Keyword(s):  
Yield Stress ◽  
Acicular Ferrite ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
The Other ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
X70 Pipeline Steel ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cooling Temperature

Two X70 pipeline steel plates with different finishing cooling temperature showed different DWTT indexes. In order to investigate the influences of microstructure and texture on toughness EBSD and X-ray were employed. Plates with lower toughness had higher low angle boundary proportion than the other, which is different from the previous research. Then the macro textures of the two plates were obtained by the X-ray diffractometer. It was shown that the ‹110›//ND were dominant in both of the two plates. The effects of several components on the toughness were analyzed. This work shows that the {112}‹110› component is the favorable texture benefiting the toughness. ‹111›//ND has direct influence on the yield stress and toughness.

X-Ray Analysis of Residual Stress in Weld Region of X70 Pipeline Steel

2014 ◽  
Vol 936 ◽  
pp. 2011-2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakaria Boumerzoug ◽  
Kelthoum Digheche ◽  
Vincent Ji
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
X70 Pipeline Steel ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Weld Region

X-ray diffraction method has been used to analyze the residual stress distribution in weld region of an X70 pipeline steel before and after heat treatment. The welding process has been realized by industrial arc welding with circular weld seams. The effect of heat treatments on the level and the distribution of residual stresses were investigated. Stress distribution was characterized by relative high compressive stresses in weld seam just after welding. However, residual stress relaxation phenomenon was observed in weld region after heat treatments due to microstructure restoration and recrystalization. Optical microscope observation and Vickers hardness measurements were also realized as complementary microstructure characterization techniques.

scholarly journals The measurement of dorsal radial tilt by x-ray and computed tomography

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 1007-1011
Author(s):  
Jingning Li ◽  
Zhenjie Ma ◽  
Fei Gao ◽  
Yuan Ji
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Distal Radius ◽  
Distal Radius Fractures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Radius Fractures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right ◽  
Two Sides

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: We conducted this study to define and measure the dorsal radial tilt, and to guide the reduction of distal radius fractures and the pre-bending of steel plates used in surgery. METHODS: The dorsal radial tilt was measured using both computed tomography (CT) and x-ray from both left and right side. The differences and correlations of the data measured by those two methods and from two sides were analyzed. RESULTS: The tilts measured by x-ray were significantly bigger than those measured by CT from the left side (t=55.51, p < 0.01) and from the right side (t=49.81, p < 0.01). The tilts measured by those two methods from the left and right sides were correlated (r=0.85, p < 0.01; r=0.81, p < 0.01). The dorsal radial tilts measured from the left side were not significantly different from those measured from the right side by CT (t=1.49, p > 0.05) and by x-ray (t=1.51, p > 0.05). The dorsal radial tilts measured from the left side by CT were significantly different from those measured from the right side by x-ray (t=43.07, p < 0.01), and these two sets of data were correlated (r=0.71, p < 0.01). The dorsal radial tilts measured from the left side by x-ray was significantly different from that measured from right side by CT (t=40.43, p < 0.01), and those two sets of data were also correlated (r=0.75, p < 0.01). Conclusions: The dorsal radial tilts measured from one side by one method can be used to estimate the tilts measured from the other side / the same side by the same method / the other method.

Continuous Cooling Transformation Behavior of X70 Pipeline Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 2205-2209
Author(s):  
Hong Mei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Acicular Ferrite ◽  
Transformation Temperature ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
Continuous Cooling Transformation ◽  
X70 Pipeline Steel ◽  
Continuous Cooling ◽  
Transformation Curve ◽  
Continuous Cooling Transformation Curve

The continuous cooling transformation behaviors were researched on X70 pipeline steel through two pass deformation and non-deformed austenite using Gleeble-3500 thermal mechanical simulator, and static continuous cooling transformation curve and dynamic continuous cooling transformation curve were measured through thermal dilation method and metallographic method. The influence of cooling rate and deformation parameters on microstructure was analyzed. The results show that the hot deformation accelerates the acicular ferrite and polygonal ferrite phase transformation, increases the starting transformation temperature and the finishing transformation temperature significantly, and shifts the CCT curve moving upward to the left side corner. Acicular ferrite is obtained in practice using accelerated cooling rate after deformation Acicular ferrite can be obtained in wider range of cooling rates, and microstructure and island structure is finer through hot deformation.

Microchemical imaging in biomedical research

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1118-1119
Author(s):  
P. Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
The Other ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Element ◽  
Physiological Information ◽  
Functional States ◽  
Elemental Maps ◽  
Electron Energy Loss ◽  
Secondary Ion

It is well established that unique physiological information can be obtained by rapidly freezing cells in various functional states and analyzing the cell element content and distribution by electron probe x-ray microanalysis. (The other techniques of microanalysis that are amenable to imaging, such as electron energy loss spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, particle induced x-ray emission etc., are not addressed in this tutorial.) However, the usual processes of data acquisition are labor intensive and lengthy, requiring that x-ray counts be collected from individually selected regions of each cell in question and that data analysis be performed subsequent to data collection. A judicious combination of quantitative elemental maps and static raster probes adds not only an additional overall perception of what is occurring during a particular biological manipulation or event, but substantially increases data productivity. Recent advances in microcomputer instrumentation and software have made readily feasible the acquisition and processing of digital quantitative x-ray maps of one to several cells.

STRESS CORROSION CRACK INITIATION BEHAVIOR FOR THE X70 PIPELINE STEEL BENEATH A DISBONDED COATING

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiying WANG ◽  
Jianqiu WANG ◽  
En-hou HAN ◽  
Wei KE ◽  
Maocheng YAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crack Initiation ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Stress Corrosion Crack ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
X70 Pipeline Steel ◽  
Disbonded Coating

The Electron Effect of Aromatic Group: Control Conformation of 2-Aromatic Cyclododecanone Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1139-1147
Author(s):  
Yang Mingyan ◽  
Wang Daoquan ◽  
Wang Mingan
Keyword(s):  
1H Nmr ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
The Other ◽  
Repulsive Interaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electron Effect ◽  
Group Control

2-Phenylcyclododecanone and 2-cyclohexylcyclododecanone derivatives were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HR-ESI-MS and X-ray diffraction. Their preferred conformations were analyzed by the coupling constants in the 1H NMR spectra and X-ray diffraction, which showed the skeleton ring of these derivatives containing [3333]-2-one conformation, and the phenyl groups were located at the side-exo position of [3333]-2-one conformation due to the strong π-π repulsive interaction between the π- electron of benzene ring and π-electron of carbonyl group. The cyclohexyl groups were located at the corner-syn or the side-exo position of [3333]-2-one conformation depending on the hindrance of the other substituted groups. The π-π electron effect played a crucial role in efficiently controlling the preferred conformation of 2-aromatic cyclododecanone and the other 2-aromatic macrocyclic derivatives with the similar preferred square and rectangular conformations.

scholarly journals Adhesion of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells under Fluorescent and Soft X-ray Contact Microscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7279
Author(s):  
Paulina Natalia Osuchowska ◽  
Przemysław Wachulak ◽  
Wiktoria Kasprzycka ◽  
Agata Nowak-Stępniowska ◽  
Maciej Wakuła ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Imaging ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
The Other ◽  
Promising Technique ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microscopy Technique ◽  
Cancer Cell Adhesion

Understanding cancer cell adhesion could help to diminish tumor progression and metastasis. Adhesion mechanisms are currently the main therapeutic target of TNBC-resistant cells. This work shows the distribution and size of adhesive complexes determined with a common fluorescence microscopy technique and soft X-ray contact microscopy (SXCM). The results presented here demonstrate the potential of applying SXCM for imaging cell protrusions with high resolution when the cells are still alive in a physiological buffer. The possibility to observe the internal components of cells at a pristine and hydrated state with nanometer resolution distinguishes SXCM from the other more commonly used techniques for cell imaging. Thus, SXCM can be a promising technique for investigating the adhesion and organization of the actin cytoskeleton in cancer cells.

scholarly journals X-ray variability of the HMXB Cen X-3: evidence for inhomogeneous accretion flows.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Sanjurjo-Ferrín ◽  
J M Torrejón ◽  
K Postnov ◽  
L Oskinova ◽  
J J Rodes-Roca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Equivalent Width ◽  
Compact Star ◽  
Timing Analysis ◽  
Roche Lobe ◽  
The Other ◽  
Emission Lines ◽  
High Mass ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Accretion Flows ◽  
Inner Radius

Abstract Cen X-3 is a compact high mass X-ray binary likely powered by Roche lobe overflow. We present a phase-resolved X-ray spectral and timing analysis of two pointed XMM-Newton observations. The first one took place during a normal state of the source, when it has a luminosity LX ∼ 1036 erg s−1. This observation covered orbital phases φ = 0.00 − 0.37, i.e. the egress from the eclipse. The egress lightcurve is highly structured, showing distinctive intervals. We argue that different intervals correspond to the emergence of different emitting structures. The lightcurve analysis enables us to estimate the size of such structures around the compact star, the most conspicuous of which has a size ∼0.3R*, of the order of the Roche lobe radius. During the egress, the equivalent width of Fe emission lines, from highly ionized species, decreases as the X-ray continuum grows. On the other hand, the equivalent width of the Fe Kα line, from near neutral Fe, strengthens. This line is likely formed due to the X-ray illumination of the accretion stream. The second observation was taken when the source was 10 times X-ray brighter and covered the orbital phases φ = 0.36 − 0.80. The X-ray lightcurve in the high state shows dips. These dips are not caused by absorption but can be due to instabilities in the accretion stream. The typical dip duration, of about 1000 s, is much longer than the timescale attributed to the accretion of the clumpy stellar wind of the massive donor star, but is similar to the viscous timescale at the inner radius of the accretion disk.

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