The Study of Red Mud Addition Influences in Metakaolinite-Based Geopolymer Characteristics

2012 ◽  
Vol 450-451 ◽  
pp. 281-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Partogi H. Simatupang ◽  
Razie Hanafi ◽  
Bambang Sunendar Purwasasmita ◽  
Iswandi Imran ◽  
Ivindra Pane
Keyword(s):  
Red Mud ◽  
Ordinary Portland Cement ◽  
Strength Testing ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Silica Materials ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sample Age ◽  
Bauxite Tailing

Bauxite tailing waste or commonly known as red mud is considered to be a very hazardous material. The using of red mud to make alternative building material has been widely studied for many years. Geopolymer as one of the breakthrough in the searching of ordinary portland cement/concrete substitution provides many options and possibilities of using different types of pozzolanic or alumina-silica materials. In this study, the using of red mud in metakaoline-based geopolymer paste has been studied in three different curing conditions for 7 days of sample age. Each sample then characterized both, macroscopically and microscopically including compressive strength testing, SEM photograph, XRD and FTIR spectroscopy

scholarly journals Study on Preparation and Interfacial Transition Zone Microstructure of Red Mud-Yellow Phosphorus Slag-Cement Concrete

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2768
Author(s):  
Zhennan Su ◽  
Xianhai Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Ordinary Portland Cement ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Yellow Phosphorus

Open stockpiling and the continual production of industrial solid wastes such as red mud (RM) and yellow phosphorus slag (YPS) have caused serious environmental pollution issues. Additionally, concrete prepared easily and with high strength is a widely applied building material. Therefore, replacing part or all of the cement for preparing concrete with RM and YPS will greatly reduce this kind of solid waste and, thus, decrease environmental pressures. This study investigated the best ratio for the replacement of concrete with RM and YPS, testing the mechanical properties as well as the morphology, material composition, and microporous structure of the interface transition zone (ITZ). The results showed for the concrete prepared with ordinary Portland cement replaced by 10.00 wt.% RM and 18 wt.% YPS, compared to ordinary Portland cement concrete, the compressive strength of concrete with basalt aggregate and dolomite aggregate increased by 25.04% and 27.27%, respectively, when the concrete was cured with steam for 28 days. Furthermore, it had a smaller average pore diameter and crystal size in the ITZ. The aggregate and matrix were more closely intertwined. This was because RM had a low cementitious activity and mainly had a filling effect when added to concrete, while the highly active silica in YPS could react with the Ca(OH)2 crystal (CH) produced from cement hydration to form calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) gel, improving the mechanical properties and microstructure of the concrete.

EXPLORATORY STUDY ON THE MECHANICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE CONTAINING SULFUR

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Yeoh ◽  
Koh Heng Boon ◽  
Norwati Jamaluddin
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Ordinary Portland Cement ◽  
Cement Content ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Ordinary Portland Cement Concrete

This research is an exploratory experiment into sulfur concrete used not as a complete replacement of cement but as an additional material in percentage of the cement content. The aim of this research was to explore the possible appreciation of mechanical and physical properties of concrete containing sulfur with percentages of 1%, 5% and 10% of the cement content. The sulfur used here was not heat-activated, hence the binding effect in sulfur was absent. The experimental results revealed that concrete containing sulfur did not perform better in their strength properties, both compressive strength and flexural strength. The physical properties such as water penetration and water absorption for concrete containing sulfur also showed poor performance in comparison to ordinary Portland cement concrete. Such phenomena are very likely due to the sulfur not being activated by heat. Carbonation test did not show good results as a longer term of testing is required. Drying shrinkage property was found to be encouraging in that concrete containing 10% sulfur had quite significant reduction in drying shrinkage as opposed to ordinary Portland cement concrete. 

scholarly journals Durability Study on High Calcium Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesan Lavanya ◽  
Josephraj Jegan
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Ordinary Portland Cement ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
High Calcium Fly Ash ◽  
Ordinary Portland Cement Concrete

This study presents an investigation into the durability of geopolymer concrete prepared using high calcium fly ash along with alkaline activators when exposed to 2% solution of sulfuric acid and 5% magnesium sulphate for up to 45 days. The durability was also assessed by measuring water absorption and sorptivity. Ordinary Portland cement concrete was also prepared as control concrete. The grades chosen for the investigation were M20, M40, and M60. The alkaline solution used for present study is the combination of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide solution with the ratio of 2.50. The molarity of sodium hydroxide was fixed as 12. The test specimens were150×150×150 mm cubes,100×200 mm cylinders, and100×50 mm discs cured at ambient temperature. Surface deterioration, density, and strength over a period of 14, 28, and 45 days were observed. The results of geopolymer and ordinary Portland cement concrete were compared and discussed. After 45 days of exposure to the magnesium sulfate solution, the reduction in strength was up to 12% for geopolymer concrete and up to 25% for ordinary Portland cement concrete. After the same period of exposure to the sulphuric acid solution, the compressive strength decrease was up to 20% for geopolymer concrete and up to 28% for ordinary Portland cement concrete.

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