A Study of Recycled Polystyrene for Structural Concrete Application

2012 ◽  
Vol 450-451 ◽  
pp. 655-658
Author(s):  
Sarah Kayfetz Outzen ◽  
Cheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Structural Concrete ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Polystyrene Beads ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Continued Use

Concrete has one of the highest carbon footprints of building materials in use, and is also one of the most often used building materials in modern construction. Polystyrene is a non-biodegradable polymer in continued use. This paper examines the feasibility of using polystyrene beads in structural concrete. Recycled polystyrene beads were used as a coarse aggregate in concrete mixtures to explore possible structural application. Two samples apiece of three experimental mixes of concrete as well as control concrete mixtures were tested in the laboratory for density and compressive strength at 14, 28, 56 and 70 days curing. The laboratory testing showed one experimental mixture was of comparable compressive strength to the control concrete mixture. The experimental results demonstrated that recycled polystyrene concrete in volumetric percentages below 18.75% could be a feasible green concrete mixture.

scholarly journals Comparison Mechanical Properties of Two Types of Light Weight Aggregate Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1105-1118
Author(s):  
Hesham A. Numan ◽  
Mohammed Hazim Yaseen ◽  
Hussein A. M. S. Al-Juboori
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate ◽  
Peak Level ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Light Weight Aggregate ◽  
Reference Mixture

This paper presents the behavior of concrete properties by replacing the conventional coarse aggregate used in the concrete mixture by two types of lightweight aggregate; Expanded Perlite Aggregate (EPA) and Volcanic Pumice (VP). To fulfill this aim; three laboratory tests were applied; density, compressive strength, and abrasion resistance, that conducted to extrapolate the range of the changes in the properties of concrete with existence those types of aggregate in the mixture. Also, the volumetric proportion adopted as a strategy for replacing the coarse aggregate by EPA or VP in the concrete mixture. Then, the volumetric proportion ranged from 10% to 50% with the variation step was 10%. Therefore, ten concrete mixtures are prepared and divided into two groups; each group contains five concrete mixes to represent the volumetric replacement (10-50)% of conventional coarse aggregate by EPA or VP. On the other hand, one extra mixture designed by using conventional aggregate (coarse and fine aggregate) without any inclusion of EPA or VP to be considered as a reference mixture. The obtained laboratory results of this study proved that the density, compressive strength, and abrasion resistance readings of concrete decreased at any volumetric proportion replacement of coarse aggregate by EPA or VP. The decrease in density and compressive strength of concrete readings amounted the peak level at 50% replacing of coarse aggregate by EPA, which were 38.19% and 77.37%, respectively than the reference mixture. Additionally, the compressive strength is an important factor affecting the abrasion resistance of concrete mixture, and loss of abrasion decreased as compressive strength increased.

scholarly journals Examining Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) as Artificial Coarse Aggregates in Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 2416-2424
Author(s):  
Erniati Bachtiar ◽  
Mustaan Mustaan ◽  
Faris Jumawan ◽  
Meldawati Artayani ◽  
Tahang Tahang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Fresh Concrete ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Recycled Polyethylene

This study aims to examine the effect of recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) artificial aggregate as a substitute for coarse aggregate on the compressive strength and flexural strength, and the volume weight of the concrete. PET plastic waste is recycled by heating to a boiling point of approximately 300°C. There are five variations of concrete mixtures, defined the percentage of PET artificial aggregate to the total coarse aggregate, by 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. Tests carried out on fresh concrete mixtures are slump, bleeding, and segregation tests. Compressive and flexural strength tests proceeded based on ASTM 39/C39M-99 and ASTM C293-79 standards at the age of 28 days. The results showed that the use of PET artificial aggregate could improve the workability of the concrete mixture. The effect of PET artificial aggregate as a substitute for coarse aggregate on the compressive and flexural strength of concrete is considered very significant. The higher the percentage of PET plastic artificial aggregate, the lower the compressive and flexural strength, and the volume weight, of the concrete. Substitution of 25, 50, 75 and 100% of PET artificial aggregate gave decreases in compressive strength of 30.06, 32.39, 41.73 and 44.06% of the compressive strength of the standard concrete (18.20 MPa), respectively. The reductions in flexural strength were by respectively 19.03, 54.50, 53.95 and 61.00% of the standard concrete's flexural strength (3.59 MPa). The reductions in volume weight of concrete were by respectively 8.45, 17.71, 25.07 and 34.60% of the weight of the standard concrete volume of 2335.4 kg/m3 Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091626 Full Text: PDF

Compressive Strength of Concrete from Lightweight Bubbles Aggregate

2015 ◽  
Vol 754-755 ◽  
pp. 348-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim ◽  
Leong Qi Wen ◽  
Mustaqqim Abdul Rahim ◽  
Khairul Nizar Ismail ◽  
Roshazita Che Amat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Concrete Structure ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete

Compressive strength of concrete is the major mechanical properties of concrete that need to be focused on. Poor compressive strength will lead to low susceptibility of concrete structure towards designated actions. Many researches have been conducted to enhance the compressive strength of concrete by incorporating new materials in the concrete mixture. The dependencies towards natural resources can be reduced. Therefore, this paper presents the results of an experimental study concerning the incorporation of artificial lightweight bubbles aggregate (LBA) into cementations mixture in order to produce comparable compressive strength but at a lower densities. Three concrete mixtures containing various percentages of LBA, (10% - 50% of LBA) and one mixture used normal aggregate (NA) were prepared and characterized. The compressive strength of LBA in concrete was identified to be ranged between 39 MPa and 54 MPa. Meanwhile, the densities vary between 2000 kg/m3 to 2300 kg/m3.

scholarly journals Use of Recycled Tyre Rubber in Non-structural Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 06001
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bilal Waris ◽  
Hussain Najwani ◽  
Khalifa Al-Jabri ◽  
Abdullah Al-Saidy
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Structural Concrete ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Mix Proportion ◽  
Water To Cement Ratio ◽  
Concrete Blocks

To manage tyre waste and conserve natural aggregate resource, this research investigates the use of waste tyre rubber as partial replacement of fine aggregates in non-structural concrete. The research used Taguchi method to study the influence of mix proportion, water-to-cement ratio and tyre rubber replacement percentage on concrete. Nine mixes were prepared with mix proportion of 1:2:4, 1:5:4 and 1:2.5:3; water-to-cement ratio of 0.25, 0.35 and 0.40 and rubber to fine aggregate replacement of 20%, 30% and 40%. Compressive strength and water absorption tests were carried out on 100 mm cubes. Compressive strength was directly proportional to the amount of coarse aggregate in the mix. Water-to-cement ratio increased the strength within the range used in the study. Strength was found to be more sensitive to the overall rubber content than the replacement ratio. Seven out of the nine mixes satisfied the minimum strength requirement for concrete blocks set by ASTM. Water absorption and density for all mixes satisfied the limits applicable for concrete blocks. The study indicates that mix proportions with fine to coarse aggregate ratio of less than 1.0 and w/c ratio around 0.40 can be used with tyre rubber replacements of up to 30 % to satisfy requirements for non-structural concrete.

Compressive Strength of Artificial Sand Recycled Concrete with Different Content of Stone Powder

2014 ◽  
Vol 578-579 ◽  
pp. 464-468
Author(s):  
Wen Wu Lan ◽  
Rong Fu Zhong ◽  
Bo Lv ◽  
Jing Yan Gan ◽  
Jing Wei Ying
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Recycled Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Natural Aggregate ◽  
Different Content

This study examined the compressive behaviors of concrete with artificial sand that mixed with different content of stone powder (SP). Forty-five cubic specimens were prepared with two strength grades and five SP-content. Including 15 specimens (C35) of recycled coarse aggregate (RA) concrete with artificial sand (RCC35), 15 specimens (C45) of recycled coarse aggregate concrete with artificial sand (RCC45) and 15 specimens (C35) of natural aggregate concrete with artificial sand (NC35). The workability of concrete mixture and the compressive strength of the cubic specimens were tested. The results showed that the slump of concrete mixture decreased with the SP-content increased, and the coagulability and water retentivity of the concrete mixture were improved by using stone powder. The compressive strength of the concrete with artificial sand were increased by incorporating stone powder. The optimal SP-content of RCC35 and NC35 is 20%, while RCC45 is 10%.

scholarly journals PENGARUH CANGKANG KEMIRI SEBAGAI PENGGANTI AGREGAT KASAR TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK BETON (EFFECT OF CANDLENUT SHELL AS SUBTITUTE COARSE AGGREGATE TO THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erniati Bachtiar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Concrete Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Compressive Strength Test

Concrete construction technology is directed to be sustainable and ecofriendly. The waste of the candlenut shell as a substitute for the coarse aggregate of concrete mixture is known that the candlenut shell has a hard texture so it may be used as a substitute for coarse aggregates in concrete. The purpose of the research was to determine the effect of Candlenut shell as a substitute of coarse aggregate on physical properties (slump test, bleeding, segregation, volume weight) and mechanical properties (compressive strength and tensile strength) of concrete using Candlenut shell as replacement material of the coarse aggregate. The variation of the research was percentage of the Candlenut shell in the concrete mixture, that was 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% to the coarse aggregate volume in the concrete mixture. Number of specimens in reseach was each 5 pieces each variation. Testing of mechanical properties of concrete (compressive strength and tensile strength) was performed at 28 days. Testing of the concrete for compressive strength test and tensile strength on age 28 days. Concrete using candlenut shell as a substitute of coarse aggregates has decreased compressive strength respectively 11.72 MPa (37.71%) for 25% candlenut shell; 15.54 MPa (50.00%) for 50% candlenut shell; 18.35 MPa (59.02%) for 75% candlenut shell; And 18,85 MPa (60,66%) for 100% candlenut shell from of the 0% candlenut shell with compressive strength of 31.08 Mpa. Concrete using for 25% candlenut shell as a substitute for coarse aggregates decreased tensile strength respectively of 0.95 MPa (28.70%) for 25% candlenut shell; 1.21 MPa (36.56%) for 50% candlenut shell; 1.27 MPa (38.37%) for 75% candlenut shell; And 1.40 MPa (42.30%) for 100% candlenut shell from of the 0% candlenut shell with the tensile strength of BN of 3.31 MPa. The decrease in the value of compressive strength and tensile strength is strongly influenced by the increasing percentage of Candlenut shells on concrete

scholarly journals Resistencia de concreto con agregado de alta absorción y baja relación a/c

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
R. G. Solís ◽  
E. Moreno ◽  
E. Arjona
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Limestone Aggregate ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Water To Cement Ratio ◽  
Maximum Compressive Strength ◽  
Crushed Limestone ◽  
High Absorption

RESUMENLa resistencia del concreto depende de la calidad de la pasta de cemento y de las características de los agregados pétreos. La primera es controlada por la relación agua - cemento, mientras que las propiedades de los agregados generalmente no pueden ser manipuladas ya que se suele utilizar aquellos que están disponibles cerca de la construcción. En muchas regiones rocas con propiedades no deseables son utilizadas como agregado. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue responder a la pregunta sobre cuál sería la máxima resistencia de diseño que se podría utilizar para concretos fabricados con un tipo específico de agregados obtenidos a partir de la trituración de roca caliza de alta absorción. Se probaron concretos con seis relaciones agua - cemento y dos tamaños de agregado grueso. Se concluyó que con los agregados estudiados es posible fabricar concretos de hasta 500 k/cm2 de f’c.Palabras clave: Absorción; agregados calizos; concreto; relación agua/cemento; resistencia.ABSTRACTConcrete strength depends on the cement paste quality and on the characteristics of the aggregates. The former is controlled by the water to cement ratio, while the properties of the aggregate, in general, cannot be manipulated as it is customary to employ the ones available near the construction site. In many regions rocks with no desirable properties are employed as aggregates. Therefore, the aim of this study was to answer the question about what would that be the maximum compressive strength attainable in concrete made with a specific type of aggregate obtained from crushed limestone of high absorption. Concrete mixtures involved six water to cement ratios and two sizes of coarse aggregate. It was concluded that with this type of aggregate it is possible to made concrete with compressive strength up to 500 k/cm2 of f’c.Key words: Absorption; compressive strength; concrete; limestone aggregate; water/cement ratio.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Assessment of Foam Concrete Production in Latvia

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zinta Zimele ◽  
Maris Sinka ◽  
Aleksandrs Korjakins ◽  
Diana Bajare ◽  
Genadijs Sahmenko
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Foam Glass ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Foam Concrete ◽  
Recycled Glass ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Aerated Concrete

Abstract Global warming being increasingly discussed, solutions for reducing emission greenhouse gases become more important in all industry sectors. The total energy consumed in the construction sector contribute up to 1/3 from all greenhouse gases emissions. Large part of it comes from the cement production – 5 % of the total global emissions. The foam concrete is lightweight concrete with good thermal properties and ability to reduce CO2 emissions by reducing the use of cement due to its low density. The aim of this study is to determine impact on the environment with the use of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) with focus on Global Warming Potential (GWP) for two different compressive strength foam concrete mixtures produced in Latvia by unique intensive mixing technology – turbulence with cavitation effect. Afterwards, the selected foam concrete mixtures are compared with alternative materials with similar compressive strength – aerated concrete and hollow ceramic blocks. The foam concrete mixture having 12.5 MPa compressive strength showed higher CO2 emissions than hallow ceramic block. The majority of CO2 emissions comes from the Portland cement, which is a key element in its composition. On the other hand, the foam concrete mixture having 2.4 MPa compressive strength showed higher CO2 emissions than aerated concrete block. The majority of CO2 emissions are due to foam glass granules, which is the main element contributing to the increased insulation properties of the material. Comparison of each foam concrete with analogue building material by compressive strength shows that the chosen foam concrete mixtures produce greater GWP than alternative materials. This research allows to identify the environmental impacts of different foam concrete mixture components and to improve these mixtures to achieve similar properties with less impact, for example, by replacing foam glass granules with granules made from recycled glass or replacing cement with flay ash, silica fume or recycled glass powder.

scholarly journals The Use of Fly Ash as Additive Material to High Strength Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Endah Kanti Pangestuti ◽  
Sri Handayani ◽  
Mego Purnomo ◽  
Desi Christine Silitonga ◽  
M. Hilmy Fathoni
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
High Strength Concrete ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Coal Waste ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
Strength Concrete ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete

Abstract. The use of coal waste (Fly Ash) is currently being developed in building materials technology, as a high-strength concrete mix material. This study aims to determine the strength of concrete by adding fly ash as a substitute for cement in high-strength concrete mixtures. This research was conducted with an experimental method to obtain results and data that would confirm the variables studied. The total number of specimens used in this study were 36 pieces with different sizes of cube tests which were 15 cm x 15 cm x 15 cm. A total of 36 concrete samples were used to test the compressive strength of concrete with a percentage of Fly Ash in  0% (normal concrete), 20%, 25% and 30% with a concrete treatment age of 7 days, 21 days and 28 days. A total of 12 more samples were used to test water absorption in concrete at 28 days of maintenance. Each percentage percentage of Fly Ash uses 3 concrete test samples. The increase in compressive strength occurs at 7, 21 and 28 days in concrete. However, the compressive strength of concrete produced by concrete using the percentage of Fly Ash is always lower than the value of normal concrete compressive strength. From testing the compressive strength of concrete at 28 days of treatment with content of 0%, 20%, 25% and 30% Fly Ash obtained results of 45.87 MPa, 42.67 MPa, 40.89 MPa, and 35.27 MPa respectively

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH GENTENG BETON PADA PAVING BLOCK

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
Pratikto Pratikto ◽  
Ginanjar A
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Waste Concrete ◽  
Constituent Material

Paving block merupakan bahan bangunan yang digunakan sebagai pekerasan permukaan jalan, baik jalan untuk keperluan parkir kendaraan ataupun jalan raya, ataupun untuk keperluan dekoratif pada pembuatan taman. Bahan penyusun paving block adalah semen, pasir dan air dengan atau tanpa bahan tambah lainnya. Bahan tambah yang digunakan dapat berupa limbah atau sisa bahan bangunan yang tidak terpakai. Penggunaan limbah bertujuan untuk mendapatkan mutu paving block sesuai standard dan memanfaatkan limbah secara optimal. Limbah genteng beton banyak ditemukan di sekitar bangunan bertingkat yang sudah lama dan khususnya kampus Politeknik Negeri Jakarta.Limbah ini dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pembentuk paving block sebagai substitusi agregat kasar. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan perbandingan semen dan pasir adalah 1 : 3 dengan presentase limbah genteng beton sebesar 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, dan 40%. Nilai fas yang digunakan adalah 0,35. Hasil pengujian nilai kuat tekan yang ditinjau pada hari ke 7 pada presentase 0% sebesar 52,59 Mpa, presentase 10% sebesar 44,949 Mpa, presentase 20% sebesar 40,942 Mpa, presentase 30% sebesar 40,685 Mpa dikategorikan mutu A, sedangkan presentase 40% sebesar 26 MPa dikategorikan mutu B.Kata kunci: paving block, Limbah genteng beton, agregat kasar Paving block is a material that is used as a road surface hardening, either for vehicle parking , highways, or for decorative purposes in gardening. The constituent material of paving blocks are cement, sand and water with or without other added material. The added material used can be in the form of waste or residual unused building materials. The use of waste building material of concrete tile aims to get the quality of paving blocks according to standards and utilize waste optimally. Waste concrete roof tiles can be found around many high-rise building constructions and especially Jakarta State Polytechnic campus.This waste can be used as a paving block as a rough aggregate substitute. In this study the ratio of cement and sand was 1: 3 with a percentage of concrete tile waste of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. The fas value used is 0.35. The testing results of compressive strength which is reviewed on day 7 at a percentage of 0% of 52.59 MPa, 10% of 44.949 MPa, 20% of 40.942 MPa, 30% of 40.658 MPa are categorized as grade A, while at a percentage of 40% the compressive strength is 26 MPa which is categorized as grade B.Keywords: paving block , waste concrete tile, coarse aggregate

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