Microencapsulation Exploration of Squalene by Ultrasonic Spraying and Freeze-Drying

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 1835-1840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Lu Han ◽  
Liang Wu Bi ◽  
Zhen Dong Zhao ◽  
Ya Li Xing
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Suitable Condition ◽  
Sucrose Ester ◽  
Arabic Gum ◽  
Reasonable Condition ◽  
Running Time ◽  
Ultrasonic Emulsification ◽  
Scanning Electron

Squalene, a natural antioxidant, was microencapsulated by the method of ultrasonic spraying and freeze-drying using shell materials of gelatin and arabic gum. The suitable condition for ultrasonic emulsification before ultrasonic spraying and freeze-drying was frequency 28 kHz and running time 20 min. The reasonable condition for microencapsulation of squalene by ultrasonic spraying and freeze-drying was gelatin 3.0 %, arabic gum 5.0 %, maltodextrin 6.0 % and sucrose ester 0.9 %. The appearance and size of microcapsules of squalene were measured by scanning electron microscope and metallographic microscope. The microcapsules of squalene were smonth spheres at the diameter of about 10 μm.

A technique for preparing Beauveria spp. for scanning electron microscopy

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (15) ◽  
pp. 1700-1703 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Quattlebaum ◽  
G. R. Carner
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Scanning Electron

Vapor fixation for 96 h with 1% osmium tetroxide (OsO4) and 3–4 days air drying produced distortion-free specimens of Beauveria spp. for examination with the scanning electron microscope. A combination of 4 h OsO4 vapor fixation and freeze-drying also reduced disruption satisfactorily but specimens were not as well preserved as with the first method. Preparation methods that were ineffective in preventing collapse of hydrophilic structures were Cling Free® sprayed on specimens prior to examination, freeze-drying, critical-point drying (of unfixed material), and vapor fixation with glutaraldehyde.

Preliminary Study in Cross-Linked Gelatin/Alginate Sponges

2012 ◽  
Vol 184-185 ◽  
pp. 1102-1105
Author(s):  
Ching Wen Lou ◽  
Ming Sheng Huang ◽  
Chiung Yun Chang ◽  
Chao Tsang Lu ◽  
Wen Cheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Tissue Fluid ◽  
Fluid Absorption ◽  
Degradation Tests ◽  
Swelling Rate ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Scanning Electron

Gelatin and alginate are commonly used as biomaterials for making dressings because both of which have hemostasis and high tissue fluid absorption ability. In this study, gelatin and alginate are mixed at various weight ratios, the mixtures of which then undergo the freeze-drying, forming the gelatin/alginate sponges. The resulting sponges serve as the contact surface of dressings, and swelling and degradation tests evaluate the samples in terms of hydrophilicity and absorbility. The pores in the sponges are then observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). According to our study, with a decrease in the amount of gelatin, the determined pore size and swelling rate both increase, but the weight loss decreases.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Sponges from Amnion Hydrogel to Apply as Wound Dressing

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Nghia Thi Hieu Phan ◽  
My Thi Ngoc Nguyen ◽  
Ha Le Bao Tran
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Type Of Injury ◽  
Scanning Electron

A burn is a type of injury to the skin or other tissues. It can give rise to skin defects or even death. In this study, sponges derived from amnion hydrogel were generated to apply as a wound dressing. The sponges were created by combining crosslinking and freeze-drying methods. There were three types of the obtained sponges: MGA-0 (only washed with PBS), MGA-1 (washed in glycine 1 % for one day) and MGA-2 (washed in glycine 1 % for two days). These sponges were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), mechanical test, swelling, and cytotoxicity. The tensile strength of the sponges was about 1.8 MPa, and the absorption increased during 24 h. The relative growth rates (%RGR) of MGA-0, MGA-1, and MGA-2 were 88.8, 58.2 and 67.2 %, respectively. The obtained results suggested that the MGA-0 sponge has potential for wound dressing application. HIGHLIGHTS The sponges have been manufactured from human amnion hydrogel by combining crosslinking and freeze-drying methods Through the scanning electron microscope (SEM), the surface of the obtained sponges showed a fibrous-like structure These sponges have good absorbency, the tensile strength of the sponges is about 1.8 MPa like the tensile strength of human skin, and the MGA-0 sponge is not cytotoxic GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Outer Taste Pore from a Human Tongue

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 42-43
Author(s):  
I. Kaufman Arenberg ◽  
W. F. Marovitz ◽  
A. P. Mackenzle
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Molecular Sieve ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Osmic Acid ◽  
Chemical Fixation ◽  
Human Tongue ◽  
Neutral Formalin ◽  
Surface Observations ◽  
Scanning Electron

Increasing use is now being made of the scanning electron microscope for soft biologic tissues. The use of chemical fixation followed by freeze-drying, facilitates surface observations of tissues which otherwise would not be possible.Four hours following necropsy a sample of human tongue was removed. This specimen was fixed in 10% neutral formalin, postfixed in 1% osmic acid, dehydrated in graded series of alcohol, and evaporated, in vacuo, over a Linde molecular sieve at -30 ± 1°C. The specimen was plated with gold: palladium (40: 60) in a vacuum evaporator to an approximate 200 Å thickness. The emissive mode of the Cambridge Stereoscan Mark II scanning electron microscope was used for this study.

Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis of Picoliter Samples of Physiological Fluids

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 248-249
Author(s):  
Paul M. Quinton
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Investigations of biological parameters at increasingly refined levels have sustained interest in methods for analyzing diminishingly small quantities of biological fluids. This report presents a rapid, straight forward procedure for elemental analysis of volumes on the order of 50 picoliters or less using the scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis. This technique has advantages over previously reported methods in that the preparation is faster, no freeze drying is necessary, and all elements heavier than flouride can be analized simultaneously.

The Alteration of the Pore Spaces in Sandstones

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
R. E. Ferrell ◽  
G. G. Paulson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Depositional Fabric ◽  
Soluble Components ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Shape And Size

The pore spaces in sandstones are the result of the original depositional fabric and the degree of post-depositional alteration that the rock has experienced. The largest pore volumes are present in coarse-grained, well-sorted materials with high sphericity. The chief mechanisms which alter the shape and size of the pores are precipitation of cementing agents and the dissolution of soluble components. Each process may operate alone or in combination with the other, or there may be several generations of cementation and solution.The scanning electron microscope has ‘been used in this study to reveal the morphology of the pore spaces in a variety of moderate porosity, orthoquartzites.

The Broad Applications of the Scanning Electron Microscope

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 20-21
Author(s):  
C. T. Nightingale ◽  
S. E. Summers ◽  
T. P. Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Great Depth ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Depth Of Field ◽  
Pictorial Representations ◽  
Scanning Electron

The ease of operation of the scanning electron microscope has insured its wide application in medicine and industry. The micrographs are pictorial representations of surface topography obtained directly from the specimen. The need to replicate is eliminated. The great depth of field and the high resolving power provide far more information than light microscopy.

Observability of Very Thick Specimen by Using Transmission Scanning Electron Microscope

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
K. Shibatomi ◽  
T. Yamanoto ◽  
H. Koike
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Image Contrast ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Thick Specimen ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

In the observation of a thick specimen by means of a transmission electron microscope, the intensity of electrons passing through the objective lens aperture is greatly reduced. So that the image is almost invisible. In addition to this fact, it have been reported that a chromatic aberration causes the deterioration of the image contrast rather than that of the resolution. The scanning electron microscope is, however, capable of electrically amplifying the signal of the decreasing intensity, and also free from a chromatic aberration so that the deterioration of the image contrast due to the aberration can be prevented. The electrical improvement of the image quality can be carried out by using the fascionating features of the SEM, that is, the amplification of a weak in-put signal forming the image and the descriminating action of the heigh level signal of the background. This paper reports some of the experimental results about the thickness dependence of the observability and quality of the image in the case of the transmission SEM.

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