Analysis of Time-Spatial Characteristics of Summer Precipition in Chongqing Region during 45 a

2012 ◽  
Vol 599 ◽  
pp. 690-696
Author(s):  
Fan Hua Min ◽  
Bai Cheng Xia ◽  
De Liu ◽  
Yu Han
Keyword(s):  
Annual Variation ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Morlet Wavelet ◽  
Precipitation Data ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variability ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
The Common ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Using 1966~2010 year Jun.~Aug. precipitation data over 34 stations of Chongqing region, the temporal and spatial variability features were studied by applying the methods of EOF, REOF, Morlet wavelet analysis. The results indicate that the summer precipitation spatial differences are great. The summer precipitation distribution exhibits the common features as well as the spatial differences, which can be classified into four types as Northeast, Northwest, Southeast and Southwest Chongqing. The inter-annual variation characteristic in the four types is not correspondent. Northeast and Southwest ones are like a parabolic curve which have a maximum value and Southwest and Northwest ones exist upward tendency. The periods of the four types are not unanimous.

scholarly journals Variability of summer precipitation over Eastern China during the last millennium

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Shen ◽  
W.-C. Wang ◽  
Y. Peng ◽  
Y. Xu ◽  
J. Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Eastern China ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Internal Variability ◽  
Last Millennium ◽  
Model Data ◽  
Proxy Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variability ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Abstract. We use measurements of recent decades, 1500-yr proxy data, and millennium model simulations with a variety of climate facings to study the temporal and spatial variability of summer precipitation over eastern China. Spectral analysis of the proxy data using multi-taper method reveals three statistically significant bidecadal (15–35-yr), pendadecadal (40–60-yr), and centennial (65–170-yr) oscillation bands. The results of wavelet filtering show that the amplitudes of these bands vary substantially through time depending on the temperature regimes. Weak centennial oscillation and strong pentadecadal oscillation occur in warm conditions, whereas both the centennial and pentadecadal oscillations are strong in cold conditions. A model/data intercomparison suggests that pentadecadal and bidecadal oscillations could be associated with internal variability of the climate system. It is also found that the increased frequency of drought-in-north/flood-in-south spatial pattern over eastern China during the last two decades is unusual in the past five centuries.

scholarly journals Variability of summer precipitation over eastern China during the last millennium

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Shen ◽  
W.-C. Wang ◽  
Y. Peng ◽  
Y. Xu ◽  
J. Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Eastern China ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Internal Variability ◽  
Model Data ◽  
Solar Forcing ◽  
Proxy Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variability ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Abstract. We use measurements of recent decades, 1500-yr proxy data, and millennium model simulations with a variety of climate facings to study the temporal and spatial variability of summer precipitation over eastern China. Spectral analysis of the proxy data using multi-taper method reveals three statistically significant bidecadal (15–35-yr), pendadecadal (40–60-yr), and centennial (65–170-yr) oscillation bands. The results of wavelet filtering show that the amplitudes of these bands vary substantially through time depending on the temperature regimes. Weak centennial oscillation and strong pentadecadal oscillation occur in warm conditions, whereas the oscillations are both strong in cold conditions. A model/data intercomparison suggests that the centennial oscillation might be linked to the fluctuation of solar forcing (Gleissberg cycle), and the pentadecadal and bidecadal oscillations could be associated with internal variability of the climate system. It is also found that the increased frequency of drought-in-north/flood-in-south spatial pattern over eastern China during the last two decades is unusual in the past five centuries.

Temporal and spatial variability in elemental composition of otoliths: implications for determining stock identity and connectivity of populations

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronwyn M Gillanders
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Otolith Chemistry ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variability ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
Elemental Fingerprint ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Over Time

Interannual variability in elemental composition of otoliths may confound spatial interpretations. The elemental fingerprints of otoliths of juvenile fish were determined for fish collected from 12 to 15 estuaries in each of three consecutive recruitment years to determine temporal variation in otolith chemistry for each estuary. It was also examined whether there is overlap in elemental fingerprints of fish collected in different years and from different estuaries that may confound subsequent spatial comparisons. Significant differences in otolith chemistry were found among years for individual elements (lithium, manganese, strontium, and barium) and for multi-element fingerprints. Some estuaries showed large variation in multi-element fingerprints among years, whereas others showed little variation among years. There was some overlap of elemental fingerprints of different estuaries, but these were not always for fish collected in the same year. The significant spatial and temporal variation in elemental fingerprints meant that it was possible to confound spatial differences with temporal differences. Therefore, if the natal estuary of the adults is to be determined, a library of elemental fingerprints needs to be built up over time for each estuary rather than a single year-class of juveniles being used as the elemental fingerprint for a number of year-classes of adults.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF LAND USE ON SOIL WATER CONTENT IN A HILLY RAINFED AGROSYSTEM: A CASE STUDY IN THE CAP BON PENINSULA IN TUNISIA

AGROFOR ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Insaf MEKKI ◽  
Rim ZITOUNA CHEBBI ◽  
Frédéric JACOB ◽  
Nétij BEN MECHLIA ◽  
Laurent PREVOT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Strong Reduction ◽  
Soil Resources ◽  
Growth Cycles ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variability ◽  
The Common ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Understanding the temporal and spatial variability of soil moisture is fundamentalfor improving the management of water and soil resources on rainfed agrosystems.The present study focused on the soil moisture (SM) patterns observed in a hillyrainfed agrosystem. We analyzed five datasets from measurement at 15 sites duringvarious crop growth cycles under the common cereals/legumes/pasture croppingsystems within the Kamech catchment in Tunisia. Results indicated a strongseasonality in the precipitation and evapotranspiration dynamics that stronglyinfluences soil moisture patterns, with a strong reduction in the water availabilityduring summer (average SM = 0.20 m3/m3) as compared to winter (average SM =0.40 m3/m3). The data of two consecutive years showed that the spatial variability,expressed through the coefficient of variation of soil moisture, was at its highestpoint during spring. The averaged soil moisture of the two years yielded areasonable significant linear relation (R²=0.67**), indicating temporal stability ofthe spatial pattern. Actual evapotranspiration was found to be the predominantfactor influencing the dynamics of soil moisture.

Aposematism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme D. Ruxton ◽  
William L. Allen ◽  
Thomas N. Sherratt ◽  
Michael P. Speed
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Effects ◽  
Warning Coloration ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Initial Evolution ◽  
The Common ◽  
Aposematic Signals

Aposematism is the pairing of two kinds of defensive phenotype: an often repellent secondary defence that typically renders prey unprofitable to predators if they attack them and some evolved signal that indicates the presence of that defence. Aposematic signals often work to modify the behaviours of predators both before and during attacks. Warning coloration, for example, may increase wariness and hence improve the chances that a chemically defended prey is released unharmed after an attack. An aposematic signal may therefore first tend to reduce the probability that a predator commences attack (a primary defence) and then (as a component of secondary defence) reduce the probability that the prey is injured or killed during any subsequent attack. In this chapter we will consider both the primary and the secondary effects of aposematic signals on prey protection. We begin first by describing the common features of aposematic signals and attempting to show the wide use to which aposematic signalling is deployed across animals (and perhaps plants too). We then review the interesting evolutionary issues aposematic signals raise, including their initial evolution and their integration with sexual and other signals. We also discuss important ecological, co-evolutionary, and macroevolutionary consequences of aposematism.

A comparison of the changes in the patterns of the usage and categorization of the classifier ‘ben 本’ in Korean, Chinese, and Japanese

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Jeong-A Jo
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Chinese Character ◽  
Chinese Characters ◽  
Common Features ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Korean Chinese ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to examine the common features and differences in how the Chinese-character classifier ‘ ben 本’ is used in Chinese, Korean, and Japanese, and will explore the factors that have affected the categorization processes and patterns of the classifier ‘ ben 本.’ Consideration of the differences in the patterns of usage and categorization of the same Chinese classifier in different languages enables us to look into the perception of the world and the socio cultural differences inherent in each language, the differences in the perception of Chinese characters, and the relationship between classifiers.

scholarly journals TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE MUTATIONS OF THE NOTCH LOCUS IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L Shellenbarger ◽  
J Dawson Mohler
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Shift ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
Region Temperature ◽  
Complex Locus ◽  
Notch Locus ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Interallelic Complementation ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT Temperature-conditional mutations of the Notch locus were characterized in an attempt to understand the organization of a "complex locus" and the control of its function in development. Among 21 newly induced Notch alleles, about one-half are temperature-conditional for some effects, and three are temperature-sensitive for viability. One temperature-sensitive lethal, l(1)Nts1, is functionally non-complementing for all known effects of Notch locus mutations and maps at a single site within the locus. Among the existing alleles involved in complex patterns of interallelic complementation, Ax59d5 is found to be temperature-sensitive, while fag, spl, and l(1)N are temperature-independent. Whereas temperature-sensitive alleles map predominantly to the right-most fifth of the locus, fag, spl, and l(1)N are known to map to the left of this region. Temperature-shift experiments demonstrate that fag, spl, and l(1)N cause defects at specific, non-overlapping times in development.—We conclude (1) that the Notch locus is a single cistron (responsible for a single functional molecule, presumably a polypeptide); (2) that the right-most fifth of the locus is, at least in part, the region involved in coding for the Notch product; (3) that the complexity of interallelic complementation is a developmental effect of mutations that cause defects at selected times and spaces, and that complementation occurs because the mutant defects are temporally and spatially non-overlapping; and (4) that mutants express selected defects due to critical temporal and spatial differences in the chemical conditions controlling the synthesis or function of the Notch product. The complexity of the locus appears to reside in controlling the expression (synthesis or function) of the Notch product in development.

scholarly journals A Stable Isotope Approach for Estimating the Contribution of Recycled Moisture to Precipitation in Lanzhou City, China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1783
Author(s):  
Fenli Chen ◽  
Mingjun Zhang ◽  
Xixi Wu ◽  
Shengjie Wang ◽  
Athanassios A. Argiriou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Plant Transpiration ◽  
Surface Evaporation ◽  
Lanzhou City ◽  
Water Vapors ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
Dependent Parameter

The proportional contribution of recycled moisture to local precipitation is a geographically dependent parameter that cannot be ignored in water budgets. Stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes are sensitive to environmental changes and can be applied to investigate the modern water cycle. In this study, a three-component mixing model is used to calculate the contribution of different water vapors (advection, evaporation and transpiration) to summer precipitation in Lanzhou city, Northwest China. The results show that for all sampling sites in Lanzhou, the contribution of advection vapor to precipitation is the largest, followed by the plant transpiration vapor, and the contribution of surface evaporation water vapor is usually the least, with the average values of 87.96%, 9.1% and 2.9%, respectively. The spatial differences of plant transpiration vapor are generally larger than those of advection vapor and surface evaporation vapor, and the high values appear in Yongdeng, Daheng and Gaolan.

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