Atmospheric Acid Leaching of a Ferruginous Nickel Laterite

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 3196-3200
Author(s):  
Kui Liu ◽  
Xue Mei Su
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Concentration ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Nickel Laterite ◽  
Nickel Extraction ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Acid Consumption ◽  
Two Factors

A ferruginous nickel laterite was leached by sulfuric acid at atmospheric pressure. Nickel extraction was largely dependent on sulfuric acid concentration and leaching temperature. Besides these two factors, leaching time and liquid/solid ratio also influenced cobalt extraction significantly. Nickel was easier to be extracted than cobalt. About 95% nickel and cobalt could be extracted when leaching with 5mol/L sulfuric acid for 2h at 100°C, and the acid consumption was 1.417kg H2SO4/kg dry ore.

scholarly journals Studi Pengaruh Variabel Proses dan Kinetika Ekstraksi Nikel dari Bijih Nikel Laterit Menggunakan Larutan Asam Sulfat pada Tekanan Atmosferik

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Wahab Wahab ◽  
Erwin Anshari ◽  
Marwan Zam Mili ◽  
WD. Rizky Awaliah Nafiu ◽  
Muh. Nuzul Khaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Concentration ◽  
Nickel Laterite ◽  
Nickel Extraction ◽  
Rate Determining Step ◽  
Shrinking Core ◽  
Laterite Ore

Leaching at atmospheric pressure is one of the leaching methods of concern because it has several advantages, namely that it can process low-level nickel ore, can operate at temperatures >100 ⁰C at atmospheric pressure, and can be used in saprolite and limonite ores. In this research, nickel extraction from nickel laterite ore was carried out using sulfuric acid solution (H2SO4) as a leaching agent. The variables that were varied in the leaching process were temperature (30, 60, and 90 ⁰C), sulfuric acid concentration (0.2, 0.5, and 0.8 molar) and leaching time (30, 60, and 90 minutes). In this study, a 3-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to see the significance of the variable effects and the order of the most influential variables. In addition, leaching kinetics was studied by shrinking core models to determine rate determining step. The results showed that the increase in temperature, sulfuric acid and leaching time produced a higher percentage of extracted nickel. Based on the 3-factor ANOVA, the order of the most influential variables was obtained, namely temperature, acid concentration and leaching time. The kinetics analysis showed that rate determining step of leaching ore nickel laterite with H2SO4 solution on atmospheric pressure is controlled by diffusion through solid layer product.Keywords: analysis of variance; leaching; saprolit; limonitA B S T R A KLeaching pada tekanan atmosfer adalah salah satu metode pelindian yang menjadi perhatian karena memiliki beberapa keuntungan yaitu dapat mengolah bijih nikel kadar rendah, dapat beroperasi pada temperatur >100 ⁰C pada tekanan atmosfer serta dapat digunakan pada bijih saprolit dan limonit. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan ekstraksi nikel dari bijih nikel laterit menggunakan larutan asam sulfat (H2SO4) sebagai agen pelindi. Variabel yang divariasikan dalam proses pelindian yaitu temperatur (30, 60, dan 90 ⁰C), konsentrasi asam sulfat (0,2; 0,5; dan 0,8 molar) dan waktu pelindian (30, 60, dan 90 menit). Dalam penelitian ini digunakan analysis of variance (ANOVA) 3 faktor untuk melihat signifikansi variabel dan urutan variabel yang paling berpengaruh. Selain itu, dilakukan studi kinetika pelindian menggunakan shrinking core model untuk mengetahui pengendali laju reaksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan variabel temperatur, konsentrasi asam sulfat dan waktu pelindian menyebabkan meningkatnya persen ekstraksi nikel. Berdasarkan hasil ANOVA 3 faktor diperoleh urutan variabel yang paling berpengaruh yaitu temperatur, konsentrasi asam dan waktu pelindian. Hasil analisis kinetika menunjukkan bahwa pengendali laju reaksi pelindian bijih nikel laterit menggunakan larutan H2SO4 pada tekanan atmosfer yaitu difusi melalui lapisan produk padat.Kata kunci: analysis of variance; pelindian; limonit; saprolit

Study on Leaching Zinc Calcine with High Iron

2013 ◽  
Vol 826 ◽  
pp. 118-121
Author(s):  
Jin Lin Yang ◽  
Hong Mei Zhang ◽  
Xiu Juan Su ◽  
Shao Jian Ma
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Concentration ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Leaching Rate ◽  
Iron Extraction ◽  
High Iron ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Leaching Efficiency

In recent years, recovering zinc from zinc calcine with high iron has been a matter of discussion. In this paper, sulfuric acid leaching was carried out to assess the effect of several parameters on zinc and iron extraction in zinc calcine with high iron in which the grade of zinc and iron is 53.90% and 19.38%, respectively. Parameters, such as stirring speed, sulfuric acid concentration, liquid to solid ratio and leaching time, were investigated. The results show that leaching time has done nothing to the leaching rate, but has great influence on leaching efficiency. Liquid to solid ratio and sulfuric acid concentration have significant influence on leaching results, and stirring rate has not obvious influence on leaching results. Under the condition of 120g/L sulfuric acid, 6:1 liquid to solid ratio, 55°C leaching temperature and 120min leaching time, the recovery of zinc and iron is 82.24% and 9.64%, respectively. It is obvious that ZnO in zinc calcine is easy to dissolve in acidity solution, which shown in two aspects: high leaching rate and high leaching speed. ZnO can be dissolved entirely in sufficient sulfuric acid in 10min.

Kinetics of Pressure Acid Leaching of Zinc from Zinc Silicate Ore

2011 ◽  
Vol 402 ◽  
pp. 266-271
Author(s):  
Hong Sheng Xu ◽  
Chang Wei ◽  
Cun Xiong Li ◽  
Yan Song ◽  
Zhi Gan Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Concentration ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Zinc Silicate ◽  
Diffusion Control ◽  
Pressure Leaching ◽  
Zinc Extraction ◽  
Shrinking Core ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Solutions

The present work is concerned with the kinetic study of pressure leaching of zinc silicate ore in sulfuric acid solutions. The effects of leaching temperature, particle size, sulfuric acid concentration and agitation speed on the zinc extraction were evaluated. The results obtained show that the zinc extraction increases with increasing sulfuric acid concentration and leaching temperature. The leaching kinetics was analyzed by using a shrinking core model with diffusion control given by: 1-2/3x-(1-x)2/3=Kt, which represented well the experimental data. The apparent activation energy was determined to be 44.56kJ/mol at temperatures ranging between 80 and 140°C.

Sulfuric Acid Leaching on Low Grade Oxide Ore

2013 ◽  
Vol 826 ◽  
pp. 122-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Lin Yang ◽  
Hong Mei Zhang ◽  
Gui Fang Wang ◽  
Shao Jian Ma ◽  
Min Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Concentration ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Leaching Rate ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Leaching ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Iron Leaching

In this paper, sulfuric acid leaching was carried out to assess the effect of several parameters on metal extraction in a low grade complex gossan ore in which the grade of zinc and iron is 13% and 40.2%, respectively. Parameters, such as sulfuric acid concentration, liquid to solid ratio and leaching temperature, were studied. The results show that the zinc leaching rate is almost 80%, while the iron leaching rate is about 45% used strong acid with 200g/L. It can be seen from the results that sulfuric acid leaching could not effectively recover zinc from gossan ores studied in this paper because of iron dissolving greatly.

scholarly journals Implementation of sulfuric acid leaching for aluminum and iron removal for improvement of low-grade silica from quartz sand of Sukabumi, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6 (111)) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Eko Sulistiyono ◽  
Murni Handayani ◽  
Agus Budi Prasetyo ◽  
Januar Irawan ◽  
Eni Febriana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Concentration ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Leaching ◽  
X Ray

Indonesia has very abundant reserves of silica, but progressive studies on the deposition of this material are very few, resulting in limited applications of silica. This work refers to the purification of silica from quartz sand originated from Sukabumi, Indonesia to obtain high-purity silica, which can be applied as important raw materials for special purposes. The aim of our research is to improve low-grade silica from quartz sand by removing impurities, especially aluminum and iron removal, using sulfuric acid leaching. In order to achieve the aim, the effect of reaction time and sulfuric acid concentration on the leaching process was investigated. The effectiveness of sulfuric acid for the impurities removal was observed. The chemical composition of the samples before and after leaching was studied using X-ray fluorescence. The mineralogical analysis of the starting materials and the products was conducted using X-ray diffraction. Microstructure analysis was performed using a scanning electron microscope, and EDS test was used to show the element composition at different points. The experimental results show that the optimum condition of the leaching process occurs at a reaction time of 5 hours with a sulfuric acid concentration of 10 N. The silica levels increase from 93.702 % to 96.438 %. Aluminum and iron impurities reduced from 4.691 % to 2.712 % and from 0.641 % to 0.094 %, respectively. At this optimum point, sulfuric acid is very effective to remove aluminum and iron impurities up to 42 % and 85 %, respectively. The results of this research can be a very significant opportunity to increase the value added of quartz sand from Sukabumi, which can enhance the quality of low-grade silica to provide better raw materials for glass industries.

scholarly journals Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Sulfuric Acid Leaching Transformation of Rare Earth Fluoride Molten Salt Electrolysis Slag

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijie Chen ◽  
Jiacong Xu ◽  
Xiaoqiang Yu ◽  
Lei Tian ◽  
Ruixiang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Molten Salt ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Concentration ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Leaching ◽  
Rare Earth Fluoride ◽  
Leaching Process ◽  
Earth Fluoride

Rare earth element recovery in molten salt electrolysis is approximately between 91 and 93%, whereof 8% is lost in waste molten salt slag. Presently, minimal research has been conducted on the technology for recycling waste rare earth molten salt slag, which is either discarded as industrial garbage or mixed with waste slag into qualified molten salt. The development of a new approach toward the effective treatment of rare earth fluoride molten salt electrolytic slag, which can recycle the remaining rare earth and improve the utilization rate, is essential. Herein, weak magnetic iron separation, sulfuric acid leaching transformation, water leaching, hydrogen fluoride water absorption, and cycle precipitation of rare earth are used to recover rare earth from their fluoride molten salt electrolytic slag, wherein the thermodynamic and kinetic processes of sulfuric acid leaching transformation are emphatically studied. Thermodynamic results show that temperature has a great influence on sulfuric acid leaching. With rising temperature, the equilibrium constant of the reaction gradually increases, and the stable interval of NdF3 decreases, while that of Nd3+ increases, indicating that high temperature is conducive to the sulfuric acid leaching process, whereof the kinetic results reveal that the activation energy E of Nd transformation is 41.57 kJ/mol, which indicates that the sulfuric acid leaching process is controlled by interfacial chemical reaction. According to the Nd transformation rate equation in the sulfuric acid leaching process of rare earth fluoride molten salt electrolytic slag under different particle size conditions, it is determinable that with the decrease of particle size, the reaction rate increases accordingly, while strengthening the leaching kinetic process. According to the equation of Nd transformation rate in the sulfuric acid leaching process under different sulfuric acid concentration conditions, the reaction series of sulfuric acid concentration K = 6.4, which is greater than 1, indicating that increasing sulfuric acid concentration can change the kinetic-control region and strengthen the kinetic process.

Study on the Beneficiation Process of a Nickel Oxide Ore

2013 ◽  
Vol 813 ◽  
pp. 269-272
Author(s):  
Gui Ming Shi ◽  
Xia Jing Yu
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Nickel Oxide ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Concentration ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Leaching Rate ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Leaching

For a nickel oxide ore, 1# ore sample was treated by sulfuric acid leaching and 2# ore sample was treated by ammonium sulfate roasting-sulfuric acid leaching through exploring experiments. The leaching rate of 92.04% with l# nickel oxide ore and the leaching rate of 72.36% with 2# nickel oxide ore were obtained by conducting the conditional experiments of sulfuric acid concentration, leaching time, ammonium sulfate dosage and so on.

The kinetics of vanadium extraction from spent hydroprocessing catalyst by leaching with sulfuric acid at atmospheric pressure

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Hongjun Wang ◽  
Yali Feng ◽  
Haoran Li ◽  
Xiangyi Deng ◽  
Jinxing Kang
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Concentration ◽  
Dissolution Kinetics ◽  
Membrane Diffusion ◽  
Shrinking Core ◽  
Dissolution Ratio ◽  
Kinetics Of

The dissolution kinetics of vanadium from spent hydroprocessing catalyst was investigated by leaching with sulfuric acid at atmospheric pressure. The effects of stirring speed (400–800 rpm), initial sulfuric acid concentration (0.60–1.20 mol/l) and reaction temperature (373–423 K) on the vanadium dissolution were studied. The results showed that the vanadium dissolution ratio was practically independent of stirring speed at the investigated range, while increasing with the increases of sulfuric acid concentration and reaction temperature. The experimental data agreed quite well with the shrinking core model, with solid membrane diffusion as the rate controlling step. The apparent activation energy was calculated as 11.44 kJ/mol, and the reaction order with respect to sulfuric acid concentrations was determined to be 1.51. The kinetics equation of the leaching process was established as: 1 − 2x/3 − (1 − x)2/3 = 0.067[H2SO4]1.51exp[ − 11563/RT ]t.

Kinetics of Sulfuric Acid Leaching of Boron Slurry

2011 ◽  
Vol 366 ◽  
pp. 370-373
Author(s):  
Feng Gao ◽  
Xiang Guang Xu ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Huai Yu Sun ◽  
Hong Xin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Concentration ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Product Layer ◽  
Leaching Kinetics ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
Reaction Activation Energy

The results of a leaching kinetics study of boron slurry with sulfuric acid were presented. Effect of ore particle size, reaction temperature, and acid concentration on magnesium dissolution rate were determined. The results shown that leaching of about 64.61% of magnesium was achieved using (-200+ 250) mesh ore particle size at a reaction temperature of 60°C for reaction time 100 min with 25% sulfuric acid concentration. Leaching kinetics indicated that diffusion through the product layer was the rate controlling process during the reaction. The reaction activation energy was determined to be about 3.35 kcal/mol, which was characteristic for a diffusion– controlled process.

Study on the Extraction of Arsenic in Destruction Residues of Arsenical Chemical Weapons

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2874-2879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Juan You ◽  
Ting Zhou ◽  
Xue Feng Wang ◽  
Yong Xu ◽  
Gang Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Concentration ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Chemical Weapons ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Extraction Agent

In order to treat these arsenical residues produced when some arsenical chemical weapons were destroyed in Nanjing and recycle the arsenic, sulfuric acid was used as the extraction agent to extract the arsenic contained in the residuals, and single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments were carried out to study the effects of factors including concentration, liquid-to-solid ratio, temperature, shaking speed and time on the extraction effect. The results show that these five factors all have some effect on the arsenic extraction rate with the degree in the following order: Liquid-to-solid ratio> temperature> extraction agent concentration > time > shaking speed; when the sulfuric acid concentration is 1.2 mol/L and the liquid-to-solid ratio is 30, keeping the shaking speed at 200 r/min and extracting the residues at 40 °C for 2h, the arsenic extraction rate of the residues could reach up to 98.95%.

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