Quantitative Eco-Compensation Criterion in Taihu Lake Area of Jiangsu Province, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 4095-4100
Author(s):  
Rong Rong Xie ◽  
Yong Pang
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Taihu Lake ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Chinese Yuan

To redress the deteriorating environment, policies regarding river eco-compensation have been issued in China since 2008. Due to the high cost, eco-compensation has not been well implemented in the Taihu pilot region. Therefore, how to determine the compensation criterion is already a priority. In this paper, a compensation criterion model based on the treatment costs of sewage was introduced. Using the pollution source census data covering 2007, 2009, 2010 and 2011 in the Taihu lake area of Jiangsu province, the average eco-compensation criterion for chemical oxygen demand (COD) is 2,000 Chinese Yuan (CNY) ± 325 CNY per ton and ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N) and total phosphorus (TP) are 8,000 CNY ± 1,300 CNY and 80,000 CNY ± 13,000 CNY per ton, respectively. The new method can provide an important template for managers when drafting river eco-compensation schemes.

scholarly journals Study on the Decontamination Effect of Biochar-Constructed Wetland under Different Hydraulic Conditions

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 893
Author(s):  
Chuanjie Xing ◽  
Xiangxi Xu ◽  
Zhenghe Xu ◽  
Rongzhen Wang ◽  
Lirong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Hydraulic Conditions ◽  
Hydraulic Load

To explore the purification effect of biochar-constructed wetlands on rural domestic sewage, six types of biochar-constructed wetlands were constructed for experiments. Under different hydraulic conditions, the removal effects of each biochar-constructed wetland on chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus in sewage were analyzed. The results showed that the removal rates of the four types of pollutants in each biochar-constructed wetland first increased and then decreased with the increase in hydraulic retention time, and the optimal hydraulic retention time range was 36–48 h. The highest removal rates of chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus in the wetland were 97.34 ± 0.84%, 95.44 ± 1.29%, 98.95 ± 0.52%, and 97.78 ± 0.91%, respectively. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate of each biochar-constructed wetland increased first, then decreased with the increase in hydraulic load, and the optimal hydraulic load was 10 cm/d. The removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus of each biochar-constructed wetland gradually weakened with the increase in hydraulic load, and the optimal hydraulic load range was between 5 and 10 cm/d. Under these conditions, the highest removal rates of chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus in the wetland were 92.15 ± 2.39%, 98.32 ± 0.48%, 96.69 ± 1.26%, and 92.62 ± 2.92%, respectively. Coconut shell and shell-constructed wetlands with the highest proportion of biochar in the matrix have the best removal effect on pollutants under different hydraulic conditions, and the wastewater purification effect is stronger, indicating that the addition of biochar is helpful for the removal of pollutants in constructed wetlands.

scholarly journals Analysis and investigation of the third drainage ditch pollution situation in Ningxia based on multivariate statistics

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 02082
Author(s):  
Linfeng Tian
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Multivariate Statistics ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Drainage Ditch ◽  
The Third ◽  
Social Statistics

This article takes the third drainage ditch in Ningxia as the research object, and uses the multivariate statistics method to analyze the interrelationship between the four major pollutants at nine regional points in the main pollution ditch section of the third drainage ditch throughout the year from the perspective of time and space, to improve the water environment quality. SPSS (Social Statistics Software Package) is used to analyze chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, and index of major pollutants of permanganate. The research results show that the main pollutants and the degree of pollution affecting the water quality of the third drainage ditch are: total nitrogen> ammonia nitrogen> total phosphorus> chemical oxygen demand. At the end of San’er, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen were the most polluted. At the Dawukou section of San’er, the chemical oxygen demand and total phosphorus were the heaviest.

Study on the Feasibility of Recycling Condensate Water of Lignite by Microwave Dehydration Treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 990-995
Author(s):  
Hui Ru Tang ◽  
Zhen Yu Huang ◽  
Ming Ke Shen ◽  
Zhi Hua Wang ◽  
Jun Hu Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Low Rank Coal ◽  
High Moisture

As a low-rank coal, the high moisture content of lignite need to be dehydrated and refined before combustion. To alleviate the water shortage situation of lignite region, this paper put forward a way of microwave dehydration to recycling the water out of lignite. By detecting the chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, hardness, ions, organic compounds of lignite, it can be concluded that the dehydration ratio of lignite reaches 70~80%, and the water quality as ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus was close to industrial standard. While the chemical oxygen demand exceeded the standard scope as well as trace amount of poisonous metal elements and organic compounds causing cancer, this will become the main task of subsequent purification process.

scholarly journals Digestate Liquid Fraction Treatment with Filters Filled with Recovery Materials

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Ilaria Piccoli ◽  
Giuseppe Virga ◽  
Carmelo Maucieri ◽  
Maurizio Borin
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Community Interactions ◽  
Material Particle ◽  
N Removal

Constructed wetlands (CWs) represent a green technology for digestate liquid fraction (DLF) treatment. However, previous research has warned about their performance when treating wastewater with high suspended solid and organic loads. In addition, the high NH4-N concentration typical of this wastewater can compromise vegetation establishment and activity. In view of this, a digestate pretreatment is needed. This study aimed to test the performance of filters filled with recovery materials, such as brick and refractory material, for DLF pretreatment. The effect on DLF physical (electrical conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen, and temperature) and chemical (total nitrogen, ammonia–nitrogen, nitrate–nitrogen, total phosphorus, soluble phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand) characteristics was monitored during eight weekly cycles. The effect of filtration on total nitrogen and ammonia–nitrogen removal began after about one month of loading, suggesting that an activation period is necessary for bacteria. For effective N removal, the presence of multiple digestate recirculations per day through the filters appears mandatory to guarantee the alternation of nitrification and denitrification conditions. For P removal, filling material particle size appeared to be more important than its composition. Unclear performances were observed considering chemical oxygen demand. Further studies on filling media and microbial community interactions, and the long-term efficiency of filters, are desirable.

scholarly journals Pollutants Sources and Their Discharging Amount in Taihu Lake Area of Jiangsu Province

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
LI Ronggang ◽  
◽  
XIA Yuanling ◽  
WU Anzhi ◽  
QIAN Yisheng
Keyword(s):  
Taihu Lake ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Lake Area

scholarly journals Effect of hydraulic retention time on chemical oxygen demand and total nitrogen removal in intermittently aerated constructed wetlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela Pires da Silva ◽  
Gabriela Barbosa da Costa ◽  
João Gabriel Thomaz Queluz ◽  
Marcelo Loureiro Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Intermittent Aeration

   This study evaluated the effect of hydraulic retention time on chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) removal in an intermittently aerated constructed wetlands. Two horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands were used: one without aeration and the other aerated intermittently (1 hour with aeration/7 hours without aeration). Both systems were evaluated treating domestic wastewater produced synthetically. The flow rate into the two CWs was 8.6 L day-1 having a hydraulic retention time of 3 days. The results show that the intermittently aerated constructed wetland were highly efficient in removing COD (98.25%), TN (83.60%) and total phosphorus (78.10%), while the non-aerated constructed wetland showed lower efficiencies in the removal of COD (93.89%), TN (48.60%) and total phosphorus (58.66). These results indicate, therefore, that intermittent aeration allows the simultaneous occurrence of nitrification and denitrification processes, improving the removal of TN in horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands. In addition, the use of intermittent aeration also improves the performance of constructed wetlands in removing COD and total phosphorus.

scholarly journals Purification efficiency of zeolite and two planted grasses on sewage and relationship with carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus ratios in simulated constructed wetland system

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-555
Author(s):  
Xia Liu ◽  
Guohui Ning ◽  
Jianzhi Xie ◽  
Chunjing Liu ◽  
Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
C:P Ratios

Abstract For achieving the economical and efficient configuration of constructed wetlands (CWs), a simulated device of vertical flow CWs was used to investigate the effects of different volume ratios of substrates to two cold-resistant plants on pollutant concentrations as well as their ratios in effluent under different inflow domestic sewage concentrations. The average removal rates (ARRs) of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus were 82.7%, 84.9% and 80.6% respectively in the treatments with zeolite but no plants, which increased by 22.6%, 20.8% and 14.9% compared with those without zeolite and plants. However, in the treatments with zeolite and planted grasses, the ARRs of the three pollutants were over 90%, and those of chemical oxygen demand were lower. The removal rates of ammonia nitrogen, TN and total phosphorus had negative correlations with C:N and N:P ratios and positive correlations with the C:P ratios. Increasing the ratio of zeolite to soil from 1:1 to 2:1 had no significant effects in the removal efficiency. It was suggested that planting Lolium perenne or Poa annua on the substrate with a zeolite to soil volume ratio of 1:1 could be considered as the optimum combination to purify the domestic sewage in north rural areas of China.

scholarly journals Synthesis and properties of zeolite/N-doped porous carbon for the efficient removal of chemical oxygen demand and ammonia-nitrogen from aqueous solution

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 6452-6459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangzhi Xin ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Yuzhou Zhang ◽  
Meicheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Mesoporous Carbon ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Porous Activated Carbon

A novel adsorbent zeolite/N-doped porous activated carbon (ZAC) was prepared by the synthesis of zeolite and mesoporous carbon to remove ammonia nitrogen (NH4+–N) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from aqueous solution.

The Study of Prediction of Agricultural Source Pollution Emissions of Ammonia Nitrogen (AN) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Based on Bionic Neural Network Algorithm

2013 ◽  
Vol 461 ◽  
pp. 544-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Peng Guo ◽  
Gan Yu Feng ◽  
Chun Xia Liu ◽  
Xiao Yi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Network Algorithm ◽  
Neural Network Algorithm ◽  
Pollution Emissions

Nearly 40% of Chinese water pollution comes from agricultural sources of pollution, and the annual emissions are difference. If we want to control pollution emissions effectively, we need to accurately predict the amount of agricultural emissions of Ammonia Nitrogen (AN) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Due to the complex mechanism of the agricultural non-point source pollution, its emissions are very difficult to measure. Currently, the Bionics Research is in a stage of rapid development, and it continues to expand into many new areas of research. So the comprehensive study of Bionics and pollutant control study will be a good choice. This research used bionic BP（Back Propagation） neural network algorithm, and used pollution census data from 2002 to 2007 and established neural network model with neural network algorithm. And we predicted the agricultural sources of emissions of AN and COD with the data from 2008 to 2010. Finally we compared the predicted value and the actual value. Research results showed that, with using the bionic BP neural network, agricultural sources emissions of AN and COD are evaluated actually and the results indicate that the average error is under 5.0%. Research results proved that the model is effective. The neural network is a scientific predict method for the agricultural sources emissions of AN and COD. It can be widely used in the prediction of agricultural sources emissions of AN and COD.

Effects of chemical oxygen demand (COD)/N ratios on pollutants removal in the subsurface wastewater infiltration systems with/without intermittent aeration

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 2662-2669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyu Song ◽  
Jing Pan ◽  
Shiwei Wu ◽  
Yijing Guo ◽  
Jingxiao Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Deficiency ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Intermittent Aeration ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Pollutants Removal

The matrix oxidation reduction potential level, organic pollutants and nitrogen removal performances of eight subsurface wastewater infiltration systems (SWISs) (four with intermittent aeration, four without intermittent aeration) fed with influent chemical oxygen demand (COD)/N ratio of 3, 6, 12 and 18 were investigated. Nitrification of non-aerated SWISs was poor due to oxygen deficiency while higher COD/N ratios further led to lower COD and nitrogen removal rate. Intermittent aeration achieved almost complete nitrification, which successfully created aerobic conditions in the depth of 50 cm and did not change anoxic or anaerobic conditions in the depth of 80 and 110 cm. The sufficient carbon source in high COD/N ratio influent greatly promoted denitrification in SWISs with intermittent aeration. High average removal rates of COD (95.68%), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) (99.32%) and total nitrogen (TN) (89.65%) were obtained with influent COD/N ratio of 12 in aerated SWISs. The results suggest that intermittent aeration was a reliable option to achieve high nitrogen removal in SWISs, especially with high COD/N ratio wastewater.

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