Study on Catalytic Degradation of Diesel Pollution in Seawater by Laccase

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 2324-2327
Author(s):  
Xu Zheng ◽  
Xiao Cai Yu ◽  
Yun Qing Liu ◽  
Xiao Xv ◽  
Jin Fang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Catalytic Degradation ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Optimization Study ◽  
Optimum Reaction

Sea water joining diesel was selected to prepare simulated marine oil pollution. With the target of removing diesel from seawater, the influence of various factors on the laccase-catalyzed degradation process was discussed. The experimental results show that the laccase-catalyzed degradation process was significantly affected by laccase dosage, reaction temperature, reaction time, pH of the solution and initial concentration of diesel in the oily wastewater. A systematic optimization study was carried out through a orthogonal test on the basis of the results of the single-factor experiments,and the optimum reaction conditions of laccase catalytic degradation diesel pollutants in seawater was determined. The results indicate that under the conditions of diesel initial concentration of 0.1g/L, laccase dosage of 8mg/L, pH value of 6, the reaction temperature of 25°C and the reaction time of 4h, laccase catalytic degradation rate of diesel pollution can be up to 63.85%.

The Preparation Technique of Nanometer Molybdenum Trioxide by Hydrothermal Synthesis

2011 ◽  
Vol 117-119 ◽  
pp. 807-810
Author(s):  
Ji Wen Li ◽  
Yan Hua Ma ◽  
Fang Fang Gong ◽  
Guo Shang Zhang ◽  
Liu Jie Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Molybdenum Trioxide ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Ultrafine Particle ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Optimal Reaction

The technique of hydrothermal synthesis is used to prepare nanometer molybdenum trioxide through controlling the parameters such as the acidification condition, the reaction temperature, the reaction time and so on. The technique is under high temperature and high pressure by water as the solvent. Synthesized molybdenum trioxide powder is characterized by XRD, SEM, and HRTEM. The optimal reaction time is 40h, the optimum reaction temperature is 170°C, and the optimum pH value is 1.0. The results indicate that powder has an ultrafine particle size, high purity, and narrow size distribution, good fluidity, light agglomerate and is perfect in crystal.

Experimental Research on Adsorption of Cadmium with Synthetic Tobermorite from Wastewater

2010 ◽  
Vol 160-162 ◽  
pp. 1038-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Bin Qi ◽  
Hai Du ◽  
Cong Cong Yin
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Adsorption Property ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Potassium Feldspar ◽  
Adsorption Efficiency ◽  
Isothermal Adsorption ◽  
Initial Concentration

Tobermorite nano-scale powder was synthesized from potassium feldspar ore from Henan province Lushi country in China. In the present research work, its adsorption property to Cd2+ was studied. The factors of adsorption such as pH values, traction time, initial concentration, and temperature were studied. The adsorption equation was curvefitted by the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm and the thermodynamics adsorption was analyzed. By the orthogonal experiment and single-factor experiment of the adsorption, the optimized conditions of the adsorption for Cd2+ were achieved: the reaction temperature is 40°C, the reaction time is 20 min, the initial concentration of aqueous solution is 20 mg•L-1 and pH value is 6.0. Under these conditions the adsorption efficiency of Cd2+ can reach 99.89%. The orthogonal experimental results show that the order of effect on adsorption efficiency was the initial concentration, pH value, reaction temperature, reaction time. In different temperatures, the results show that isothermal Langmuir equation can describe the isothermal adsorption characteristics of Cd2+ on tobermorite. Thermodynamic parameters can be drawn: the G was negative and with increasing temperature H increased, so the adsorption process is a spontaneous reaction to the heat.

scholarly journals Optimization of Synthesis of Seleno-Sargassum fusiforme(Harv.) Setch. Polysaccharide by Response Surface Methodology, Its Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Bin Ji ◽  
Fang Dong ◽  
Miao Yu ◽  
Long Qin ◽  
Dan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Sargassum Fusiforme ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Series Of Experiments

The response surface methodology was employed to optimize the synthesis conditions of seleno-Sargassum fusiforme(Harv.) Setch. polysaccharide. Three independent variables (reaction time, reaction temperature, and ratio of Na2SeO3to SFPSI) were tested. Furthermore, the characterization and antioxidant activity of Se-SFPSIin vivowere investigated. The result showed that the actual experimental Se content of Se-SFPSI was 3.352 mg/g at the optimum reaction conditions of reaction time 8 h, reaction temperature 71°C, and ratio of Na2SeO3to SFPSIB 1.0 g/g. A series of experiments showed that the characterization of Se-SFPSIB was significantly different from that of SFPSIB. Additionally, antioxidant activity assay indicated that the Se-SFPSIB could increase catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity of mice bearing tumor S180in blood, heart, and liver while decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. It can be concluded that selenylation is a feasible approach to obtain seleno-polysaccharide which was utilized as highly biological medicine or functional food.

scholarly journals Facile Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Preparation of Conductive Ink

Nanomaterials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Gui Bing Hong ◽  
Yi Hua Luo ◽  
Kai Jen Chuang ◽  
Hsiu Yueh Cheng ◽  
Kai Chau Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Flexible Substrate ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Conductive Ink

In the scientific industry, sustainable nanotechnology has attracted great attention and has been successful in facilitating solutions to challenges presented in various fields. For the present work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared using a chemical reduction synthesis method. Then, a low-temperature sintering process was deployed to obtain an Ag-conductive ink preparation which could be applied to a flexible substrate. The size and shape of the AgNPs were characterized by ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The experiments indicated that the size and agglomeration of the AgNPs could be well controlled by varying the reaction time, reaction temperature, and pH value. The rate of nanoparticle generation was the highest when the reaction temperature was 100 °C within the 40 min reaction time, achieving the most satisfactorily dispersed nanoparticles and nanoballs with an average size of 60.25 nm at a pH value of 8. Moreover, the electrical resistivity of the obtained Ag-conductive ink is controllable, under the optimal sintering temperature and time (85 °C for 5 min), leading to an optimal electrical resistivity of 9.9 × 10−6 Ω cm. The results obtained in this study, considering AgNPs and Ag-conductive ink, may also be extended to other metals in future research.

The Research for Microwave Modified Vermiculite Adsorption of Zn2+

2014 ◽  
Vol 809-810 ◽  
pp. 493-499
Author(s):  
Li Fang Bao ◽  
Chen Li Wang ◽  
Jin Chuan Gu ◽  
Sheng Zhong ◽  
Rui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Adsorption Isotherms ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium ◽  
Adsorption Rate ◽  
Absorption Mechanism ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
The Impact

The impact on the adsorption of Zn2+of these factors, initial concentration, modification time, reaction time vermiculite dosage, reaction temperature and pH having, and absorption mechanism are studied . The results show that: microwave modification time 30s, reaction time 40min, modified vermiculite dosage 8g/L, reaction temperature 30°C, reaction pH 6, Zn2+ adsorption rate can reach 97.91%, adsorption isotherms of Zn2+ by microwave modified vermiculite show that the adsorption equilibrium is consistent with Langmuir curves, correlation coefficient reached to 0.997 at room temperature.

Reactive Adsorption Desulfurization of Thiophene in n-hexane over Oxides Adsorbent of NiO-ZnO/Al2O3-SiO2

2013 ◽  
Vol 455 ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Ming Hou ◽  
Ben Xian Shen ◽  
Ji Gang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Chemical Process ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Reactive Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Desulfurization ◽  
Co Precipitation

The oxides adsorbent of NiO-ZnO/-Al2O3-SiO2 was prepared by co-precipitation method. SEM, XRD and BET studies were performed to understand the structural properties of the adsorbent. And the adsorbent can be used for the desulfurization of thiophene in n-hexane as model gasoline. Removal rate of thiophene increased with increasing reaction time. Removal rate of thiophene in equilibrium decreases with increasing the initial concentration of thiophene. The extent of adsorption in adsorbent increased with increasing the initial concentration of thiophene. The removal rate of thiophene increases with increasing reaction temperature, it showed that the desulfurization is a chemical process not a physical process.

A New Method to Remove the Calcium and Magnesium from the Sea Water with CO2

2011 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 990-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Yu ◽  
Xue Li Gao ◽  
Bao Wei Su ◽  
Cong Jie Gao
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Thermal Process ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Membrane Process ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium

Sea water desalination methods are widely used. Thermal process and membrane process are the commonly used methods .However, both thermal and membrane processes are faced scaling trend. In this study, a new approach for the management of sea water and capture of CO2, where ammoniated sea water is reacted with carbon dioxide, has been investigated. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and excess ammonia were assessed. The experimental results indicated that the optimum reaction temperature was about 20 °C and the optimum NH3H2O used amount was 4.8g/200ml. The results indicated that the new approach can reduce the sea water hardness and at the same time, contribute to reducing CO2 emissions.

Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance and Mechanism of Ag3PO4 Particles Synthesized via a Sonochemical Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengxiang Zheng ◽  
Hua Yang ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Haimin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Sonochemical Method ◽  
Simulated Sunlight ◽  
Spherical Nanoparticles ◽  
Direct Oxidation

A facile sonochemical method was used to synthesize Ag3PO4 particles and the effect of pH value, reaction temperature and reaction time on the products was investigated. It is found that the samples prepared at neutral (pH = 7) and alkaline (pH = 11) environments exhibit a similar particle morphology and size. The particles are shaped like spheres with a size distribution majorly focusing on a range of 200–450 nm, and the average particle size is about 300 nm. The sample prepared at acidic environment (pH = 3) is composed of polyhedral microparticles with size of 5–8 μm. At relatively low temperatures of 20–50 °C, the spherical nanoparticles do not undergo obvious morphology/size changes; however, when the temperature is increased up to 80 °C, the nanoparticles are aggregated to form large-sized polyhedral microparticles in the size range of 4–7 μm. Compared to the pH value and reaction temperature, the reaction time has a minor effect on the morphology of Ag3PO4 particles. RhB was chosen as the target pollutant to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of the as-prepared Ag3PO4 samples under simulated-sunlight irradiation. It is shown that the samples consisting of spherical nanoparticles exhibit an extremely high photocatalytic activity, and the degradation percentage of RhB after reaction for 50 min reaches over 90%. The samples of polyhedral microparticles have a relatively low photocatalytic activity, which is possibly due to their large particle size. Hydroxyl (.OH) radical was detected by spectrofluorimetry using terephthalic acid as a .OH scavenger and was not found to be produced over the simulated-sunlight-irradiated Ag3PO4 catalyst. The effect of ethanol, benzoquinone and ammonium oxalate on dye degradation was also investigated. Based on experimental results, the direct oxidation by h+ is suggested to the dominant mechanism toward the dye degradation.

Study on Synthesis of Nitrophenyl Isocyanates Using Triphosgene

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 1039-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gui Rong Cao ◽  
Xue Yan Zhao ◽  
Rui Jie Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Optimum Reaction

In this paper, triphosgene respectively reacting with o-nitrophenyl aniline, m-nitrophenyl aniline and p-nitrophenyl aniline to synthesize corresponding isocyanates. The effects of reactants molar ratio, reaction time and reaction temperature on the yield were investigated. As a result, using 1,2-dichloroethane as reaction solvent, the optimum molar ratio of the three kinds of nitroaniline and triphosgene were all 2.5:1, the optimum reaction time of synthesis of o-nitrophenyl isocyanate, m-nitrophenyl isocyanate and p-nitrophenyl isocyanate respectively was 6h, 5.5h and 5h; the optimum reaction temperature of synthesis of the three kinds of nitrophenyl isocyanates were all 75°C. Under the optimal conditions, the yield of o-nitrophenyl isocyanate, m-nitrophenyl isocyanate and p-nitrophenyl isocyanate could respectively be 80.3%, 83.7% and 83.5%. The products were characterized by meltingtest, ebulliometry, IR, and HPLC

Study on the Photocatalytic Degradation of Diesel Pollutants over a Sol-Gel Prepared TiO2

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 1926-1929
Author(s):  
Xiao Cai Yu ◽  
Dong Dong Hu ◽  
Qian Du ◽  
Xv Zheng ◽  
Ji Yao Guo
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Degradation Reaction ◽  
Diesel Degradation

Nanoscale titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been fabricated through a sound sol-gel method at room temperature with Tetra-n-butyl Titanate as the precursor, and the particles are characterized by XRD and TEM techniques. The results manifest that the as-prepared TiO2 is amorphous with the anatase structure and its size is around 33.2nm. Five factors, including dosage of TiO2, initial concentration of diesel, pH value, photocatalytic degradation reaction time and the presence of H2O2, are considered in the diesel degradation experiments. An orthogonal test is carried out to optimize the photocatalytic degradation of diesel pollutants based on the single-factor experiments. It reveals that when the dosage of TiO2 is 1.0g/L, the initial concentration of diesel is 0.5g/L, pH value is 6, the reaction time is 4h and the H2O2 dosage is 0.09%, the removal rate of diesel pollutants can up to 88%. Besides, the influence of each factor on removing diesel can be arranged in decreasing order: initial concentration of diesel> photocatalytic reaction time> pH value> TiO2 dosage> H2O2 dosage.

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