Synthesis and Characterization of Pure Magnesium / Bio-Glass Composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Mohd Amin Farhan Zaludin ◽  
Shamsul Baharin bin Jamaludin ◽  
Nor Maizatul Shima Adzali ◽  
Norhamidi Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Pure Magnesium ◽  
Powder Metallurgy Method ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Glass Composite ◽  
Glass Density ◽  
Vitro Test

In this study, bio-glass 45S5 powder was added to pure magnesium powder to produce the magnesium/bio-glass composite by powder metallurgy method. The composite was synthesized based on 5 wt. %, 10 wt. % and 15 wt. % of bio-glass. The composite was investigated from the point of view of its microstructure, physical properties and in-vitro bioactivity. Microstructural analysis showed that bio-glass was agglomerated with increasing content of bio-glass. Density and hardness of composite increased as the content of bio-glass increased. During in-vitro test, corrosion resistance increased as the content of bio-glass increased.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization of Ceftibuten-Copper(II) Complex and Prediction of Its Biological Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-194
Author(s):  
Shuchismita Dey ◽  
Md. Zakir Sultan ◽  
Md. Abdus Salam
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Vitro Test ◽  
Cephalosporin Antibiotic

Ceftibuten dihydrate, one of the third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic is effectively used in curing several infectious diseases. The complexation of drug with metal may enhance the antibacterial activity. In this work, a new complex of ceftibuten dihydrate with Cu(II) was synthesized, characterized and antibacterial activity is reported. The in vitro test showed that the antibacterial activity of complex of ceftibuten was greatly enhanced against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi.

scholarly journals Partial Characterization of Digestive Proteases in the Common Snook Centropomus undecimalis

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bartolo Concha-Frias ◽  
Carlos A. Alvarez-Gonzalez ◽  
Martha G. Gaxiola-Cortes ◽  
Alfonso E. Silva-Arancibia ◽  
Pedro H. Toledo-Aguero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Species ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Centropomus Undecimalis ◽  
Digestive Proteases ◽  
Common Snook ◽  
Vitro Test ◽  
Two Peaks

<p class="1Body">Common snook (<em>Centropomus undecimalis</em>) is a marine species with high aquaculture potential; although its digestive physiology is still unknown and knowledge of that could allow the development of a balanced feed for commercial culture of this fish. The objective of this study was to partially characterize the digestive proteases in <em>C. undecimalis</em> using electrophoretic and biochemical techniques. A total of 50 wild snook juveniles were used to determine the optimal values of pH stability and temperature as well as the effect of inhibitors on digestive, gastric and intestinal proteases. The optimal pH for gastric proteases was obtained to be 2 with stability obtained between 2 and 8; the optimal temperature was detected at 75ºC for in vitro test, and the thermal stability was between 25 and 45ºC. Intestinal proteases showed two peaks of activity at a pH of 7 and 11; meanwhile, the greatest stability was found between a pH of 4 and 10; the optimal temperature was at 65ºC, and the greatest stability was detected between 35 and 45ºC. Up to 86% of the gastric protease activity was inhibited by pepstatin A; meanwhile, the intestinal proteases TPCK, TLCK, 1-10 Phenanthroline, SBT1, EDTA, PMSF and ovalbumin reduced the activity by 17%, 68%, 85%, 41%, 40.5%, 60% and 59%, respectively.</p>

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF EGGPLANT ENDOPHYTE BACTERIA AND RHIZOBACTERIA AS WELL AS THEIR ANTAGONISTIC ABILITY AGAINST Ralstonia solanacearum

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-156
Author(s):  
Larasati Puspita Saridewi ◽  
Nur Prihatiningsih ◽  
Heru Adi Djatmiko
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Glucose Agar ◽  
Vitro Test

Characterization of eggplant endophyte bacteria and rhizobacteria as well as their antagonistic ability against Ralstonia solanacearum. Bacterial wilt caused by Ralsonia solanacearum is one of important diseases causing severe loses in eggplant production. Various strategies were used to manage bacterial wilt, including planting resistant varieties, soil amandement, and soil solarization. However, management of R. solanacearum in eggplant by using endophytic bacteria and rhizobacteria were not been done that much. The objective of this study was to: (1) characterization of endophytic and rhizobacteria; (2) determines the inhibition ability of endophytic and rhizobacteria isolates against R. solanacearum pathogen on eggplant. The laboratory experiment was arranged in completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 5 replications. The double layer method using yeast peptone glucose agar (YPGA) medium was used in vitro test. Based on the morphological characteristics these isolates were suspected as a member of genus Bacillus. Among the isolates used in this study, TK isolate showed the best capability to inhibit growth of R. solanacearum.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Test of C-Phenylcolics [4] Resorcinilate Octabenzoat Sunblock Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Budiana I Gusti M. Ngurah ◽  
Ni Nyoman Yuliani
Keyword(s):  
Sun Exposure ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Vitro Test ◽  
Uv C

Research on the discovery of organic sunblock today continues to be intensively conducted because cases of skin cancer caused by sun exposure continue to increase from year to year. Recently, what is used to protect the skin from the dangers of sun exposure is a sunblock lotion product. This research aims to synthesize and test the new organic C-phenylcolics [4] resorcinaryl octabenzoat compound. This research is pure experimental research by testing sunblock activity using Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometry. The C-phenylcallic [4] resorcinaryl octabenzoate compound was synthesized by the C-phenylcalcid [4] resorcinarene method with benzoyl chloride using a catalyst and pyridine solvent. Characterization of reaction products used infra-red spectrometers and proton-NMR. Meanwhile, testing sunblock activity was conducted in vitro using the ultraviolet spectrometry method. The synthesis results showed that C-phenylcalcid [4] resorcinyl octabenzoat was in the form of a dark yellow solid, melting point of 238-240 oC and yield of 74.10%. The in vitro test results showed that C-methylcolics [4] resorcinyl octabenzoat has a broad spectrum because it can absorb UV B and UV C rays with an SPF value of 30. This compound has the potential to be developed as a sunblock.

Haemostatic Platelet Plug Formation in the Isolated Rabbit Mesenteric Preparation - An Analysis of Red Blood Cell Participation

1980 ◽  
Vol 44 (01) ◽  
pp. 006-008 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Bergqvist ◽  
K-E Arfors
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Adenosine Diphosphate ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Vitro Test ◽  
Releasing Effect ◽  
Plug Formation

SummaryIn a model using an isolated rabbit mesenteric preparation microvessels were transected and the time until haemostatic plugs formed was registered. Perfusion of platelet rich plasma gave no haemostasis whereas whole blood did. Addition of chlorpromazine or adenosine to the whole blood significantly prolonged the time for haemostasis, and addition of ADP to the platelet rich plasma significantly shortened it. It is concluded that red cells are necessary for a normal haemostasis in this model, probably by a combination of a haemodynamic and ADP releasing effect.The fundamental role of platelets in haemostatic plug formation is unquestionable but there are still problems concerning the stimulus for this process to start. Three platelet aggregating substances have been discussed – thrombin, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and collagen. Evidence speaking in favour of thrombin is, however, very minimal, and the discussion has to be focused on collagen and ADP. In an in vitro system using polyethylene tubings we have shown that "haemostasis" can be obtained without the presence of collagen but against these results can be argued that it is only another in vitro test for platelet aggregation (1).To be able to induce haemostasis in this model, however, the presence of red blood cells is necessary. To further study this problem we have developed a model where haemostatic plug formation can be studied in the isolated rabbit mesentery and we have briefly reported on this (2).Thus, it is possible to perfuse the vessels with whole blood as well as with platelet rich plasma (PRP) and different pharmacological agents of importance.

scholarly journals In Vitro Newly Isolated Environmental Phage Activity against Biofilms Preformed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Ersilia Vita Fiscarelli ◽  
Martina Rossitto ◽  
Paola Rosati ◽  
Nour Essa ◽  
Valentina Crocetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Hospital Environments ◽  
Vitro Test ◽  
General Reliability ◽  
Phage Activity

As disease worsens in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) colonizes the lungs, causing pulmonary failure and mortality. Progressively, PA forms typical biofilms, and antibiotic treatments determine multidrug-resistant (MDR) PA strains. To advance new therapies against MDR PA, research has reappraised bacteriophages (phages), viruses naturally infecting bacteria. Because few in vitro studies have tested phages on CF PA biofilms, general reliability remains unclear. This study aimed to test in vitro newly isolated environmental phage activity against PA isolates from patients with CF at Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital (OBG), Rome, Italy. After testing in vitro phage activities, we combined phages with amikacin, meropenem, and tobramycin against CF PA pre-formed biofilms. We also investigated new emerging morphotypes and bacterial regrowth. We obtained 22 newly isolated phages from various environments, including OBG. In about 94% of 32 CF PA isolates tested, these phages showed in vitro PA lysis. Despite poor efficacy against chronic CF PA, five selected-lytic-phages (Φ4_ZP1, Φ9_ZP2, Φ14_OBG, Φ17_OBG, and Φ19_OBG) showed wide host activity. The Φ4_ZP1-meropenem and Φ14_OBG-tobramycin combinations significantly reduced CF PA biofilms (p < 0.001). To advance potential combined phage-antibiotic therapy, we envisage further in vitro test combinations with newly isolated phages, including those from hospital environments, against CF PA biofilms from early and chronic infections.

In Vitro Toxicology Methods in Risk Assessment

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-331
Author(s):  
Iain F. H. Purchase
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
In Vitro Methods ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Vitro Test

The title of this paper is challenging, because the question of how in vitro methods and results contribute to human health risk assessment is rarely considered. The process of risk assessment usually begins with hazard assessment, which provides a description of the inherent toxicological properties of the chemical. The next step is to assess the relevance of this to humans, i.e. the human hazard assessment. Finally, information on exposure is examined, and risk can then be assessed. In vitro methods have a limited, but important, role to play in risk assessment. The results can be used for classification and labelling; these are methods of controlling exposure, analogous to risk assessment, but without considering exposure. The Ames Salmonella test is the only in vitro method which is incorporated into regulations and used widely. Data from this test can, at best, lead to classification of a chemical with regard to genotoxicity, but cannot be used for classification and labelling on their own. Several in vitro test systems which assess the topical irritancy and corrosivity of chemicals have been reasonably well validated, and the results from these tests can be used for classification. The future development of in vitro methods is likely to be slow, as it depends on the development of new concepts and ideas. The in vivo methods which currently have reasonably developed in vitro alternatives will be the easiest to replace. The remaining in vivo methods, which provide toxicological information from repeated chronic dosing, with varied endpoints and by mechanisms which are not understood, will be more difficult to replace.

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