Analysis of Soil Organic Matter and Soil Total Nitrogen Condition under Different Vegetation Patterns of Huanghuadianzi Small Watershed

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1839-1842
Author(s):  
Yue Feng Guo ◽  
Yun Feng Yao ◽  
Fu Cang Qin ◽  
Wei Qi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Vegetation Patterns ◽  
Small Watershed ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
Soil Layers

Different vegetation patterns have difference influenced on the soil nutrients and the soil nutrient contents of different soil layers in the same vegetation patterns are also different in size. In this paper, we analyze the main soil nutrients of different soil layers in different vegetation patterns in Huanghuadianzi small watershed in Ao HanQI of Chifeng in China. The result shows that in different vegetation patterns, the secondary forest of natural bush have an obvious effect on the nutrient and concentration of organic; in the artificial forest, mingled forest has a better improving effect on soil than the pure forest and natural grassland has the smallest effect; in the same vegetation patterns, organic, total nitrogen present an overall reduction trend with the deepening of soil layer accept 40-60cm soil layers. The analysis result of this paper can provide a theoretical basis for further researching the dynamic nutrient change, tree variety optimization arrangement and regional land use planning in forest grass zone.

scholarly journals Seasonal dynamics of soil microbial biomass C and N of Keteleeria fortunei var. cyclolepis forests with different ages

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 2377-2384
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Xiongsheng Liu ◽  
Fengfan Chen ◽  
Ronglin Huang ◽  
Xiaojun Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Young Forest

Abstract Soil microbial biomass is an important indicator to measure the dynamic changes of soil carbon pool. It is of great significance to understand the dynamics of soil microbial biomass in plantation for rational management and cultivation of plantation. In order to explore the temporal dynamics and influencing factors of soil microbial biomass of Keteleeria fortunei var. cyclolepis at different stand ages, the plantation of different ages (young forest, 5 years; middle-aged forest, 22 years; mature forest, 40 years) at the Guangxi Daguishan forest station of China were studied to examine the seasonal variation of their microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) by chloroform fumigation extraction method. It was found that among the forests of different age, MBC and MBN differed significantly in the 0–10 cm soil layer, and MBN differed significantly in the 10–20 cm soil layer, but there was no significant difference in MBC for the 10–20 cm soil layer or in either MBC or MBN for the 20–40 cm soil layer. With increasing maturity of the forest, MBC gradually decreased in the 0–10 cm soil layer and increased firstly and then decreased in the 10–20 cm and 20–40 cm soil layers, and MBN increased firstly and then decreased in all three soil layers. As the soil depth increased, both MBC and MBN gradually decreased for all three forests. The MBC and MBN basically had the same seasonal variation in all three soil layers of all three forests, i.e., high in the summer and low in the winter. Correlation analysis showed that MBC was significantly positively correlated with soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and soil moisture, whereas MBN was significantly positively correlated with soil total nitrogen. It showed that soil moisture content was the main factor determining the variation of soil microbial biomass by Redundancy analysis. The results showed that the soil properties changed continuously as the young forest grew into the middle-aged forest, which increased soil microbial biomass and enriched the soil nutrients. However, the soil microbial biomass declined as the middle-age forest continued to grow, and the soil nutrients were reduced in the mature forest.

Changes in soil nutrients (ammonia, phosphate and nitrate) associated with rat carcass decomposition under tropical climatic conditions

Soil Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 482 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Yong ◽  
N. H. Jalaludin ◽  
E. Brau ◽  
N. N. Shamsudin ◽  
C. C. Heo
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Tropical Climate ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Post Mortem Interval ◽  
Few Data

Changes in soil nutrients have been applied in legal investigations of the time of death or to locate a clandestine grave. However, research on forensic soil chemistry under the tropical climate conditions in Malaysia is at its infancy, with few data available for forensic investigations. This study aims to study changes of soil nutrients (i.e. ammonia, phosphate and nitrate) as well as soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC), and the associated stages of decomposition of rat carcasses (n = 3) under controlled tropical climate conditions. The results showed differences in soil pH between control and carcass soils. Soil EC and concentrations of ammonia and phosphate increased during early decomposition stages, and declined thereafter. Nitrate concentration increased at the later stage of decomposition. We also found that the top layer of soil (i.e. 5 cm from surface) rendered a significant pattern of soil nutrient dynamics compared with soil at 10 cm from the surface, possibly due to a slower rate of vertical transfer and the washing-off effect. We suggest that the soil EC value and changes of soil nutrients in the top 5 cm of the soil layer have potential in forensic investigation to determine the minimum post-mortem interval and serve as an indicator for hidden graves and cadaver decomposition islands.

scholarly journals The Vertical Differences in the Change Rates and Controlling Factors of Soil Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen along Vegetation Restoration in a Subtropical Area of China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6443
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Cao ◽  
Xi Fang ◽  
Wenhua Xiang ◽  
Pifeng Lei ◽  
Changhui Peng
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Vegetation Restoration ◽  
Soil Factors ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Soil Layers

The study was to investigate the change patterns of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and soil C/N (C/N) in each soil sublayer along vegetation restoration in subtropical China. We collected soil samples in four typical plant communities along a restoration chronosequence. The soil physicochemical properties, fine root, and litter biomass were measured. Our results showed the proportion of SOC stocks (Cs) and TN stocks (Ns) in 20–30 and 30–40 cm soil layers increased, whereas that in 0–10 and 10–20 cm soil layers decreased. Different but well-constrained C/N was found among four restoration stages in each soil sublayer. The effect of soil factors was greater on the deep soil than the surface soil, while the effect of vegetation factors was just the opposite. Our study indicated that vegetation restoration promoted the uniform distribution of SOC and TN on the soil profile. The C/N was relatively stable along vegetation restoration in each soil layer. The accumulation of SOC and TN in the surface soil layer was controlled more by vegetation factors, while that in the lower layer was controlled by both vegetation factors and soil factors.

scholarly journals Prediction of Regional Forest Soil Nutrients Based on Gaofen-1 Remote Sensing Data

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1430
Author(s):  
Yingying Li ◽  
Zhengyong Zhao ◽  
Sunwei Wei ◽  
Dongxiao Sun ◽  
Qi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Soil Maps ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Coarse Resolution

The study on the spatial distribution of forest soil nutrients is important not only as a reference for understanding the factors affecting soil variability, but also for the rational use of soil resources and the establishment of a virtuous cycle of forest ecosystems. The rapid development of remote sensing satellites provides an excellent opportunity to improve the accuracy of forest soil prediction models. This study aimed to explore the utility of the Gaofen-1 (GF-1) satellite in the forest soil mapping model in Luoding City, Yunfu City, Guangdong Province, Southeast China. We used 1000 m resolution coarse-resolution soil map to represent the overall regional soil nutrient status, 12.5 m resolution terrain-hydrology variables to reflect the detailed spatial distribution of soil nutrients, and 8 m resolution remote sensing variables to reflect the surface vegetation status to build terrain-hydrology artificial neural network (ANN) models and full variable ANNs, respectively. The prediction objects were alkali-hydro-nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), and organic matter (OM) at five soil depths (0–20, 20–40, 40–60, 60–80, and 80–100 cm). The results showed that the full-variable ANN accuracy at five soil depths was better than the terrain-hydrology ANNs, indicating that remote sensing variables reflecting vegetation status can improve the prediction of forest soil nutrients. The remote sensing variables had different effectiveness for different soil nutrients and different depths. In upper soil layers (0–20 and 20–40 cm), remote sensing variables were more useful for AN, AP, and OM, and were between 10%–14% (R2), and less effective for AK at only 8% and 6% (R2). In deep soil layers (40–60, 60–80, and 80–100 cm), the improvement of all soil nutrient models was not significant, between 3 and 6% (R2). RMSE and ROA ± 5% also decreased with the depth of soil. Remote sensing ANNs (coarse resolution soil maps + remote sensing variables) further demonstrated that the predictive power of remote sensing data decreases with soil depth. Compared to terrain-hydrological variables, remote sensing variables perform better at 0–20 cm, but the predictive power decreased rapidly with depth. In conclusion, the results of the study showed that the integration of remote sensing with coarse-resolution soil maps and terrain-hydrology variables could strongly improve upper forest soil (0–40 cm) nutrients prediction and NDVI, green band, and forest types were the best remote sensing predictors. In addition, the study area is rich in AN and OM, while AP and AK are scarce. Therefore, to improve forest health, attention should be paid to monitoring and managing AN, AP, AK, and OM levels.

scholarly journals Soil nutrient evolution under different vegetation types in semiarid loess area

2021 ◽  
pp. 969-976
Author(s):  
Lirong He ◽  
Yuhu Luo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus

The soil nutrient characteristics under three vegetation types of arbor ( I ), shrub ( II ) and herb ( III ) were studied by mathematical statistics method combined with field investigation and indoor detection analysis. The change characteristics of soil nutrients under different land use patterns were discussed. The results showed that the average contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were 21.30 and 0.65 g/kg, 3.67 and 67.61 mg/kg, respectively. Compared with grassland, woodland has better effect on fertilizer conservation in the Loess Plateau. In the process of soil nutrient improvement, the nutrient indexes such as organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium increased synchronously, and the soil alkaline environment that was not conducive to plant growth was also gradually improved. In the correlation between soil nutrients, available phosphorus and available potassium have good relative independence. In the future, organic fertilizer should be applied in this area, and nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers should be supplemented to improve soil organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus content, and to ensure soil nutrient balance by optimizing fertilization methods. In addition, in the case of uneven distribution of soil nutrients in the soil profile, it is recommended to take appropriate soil ploughing and reasonable human management measures to improve soil nutrient status, achieve high-quality sustainable development of soil, and promote the positive succession of vegetation communities. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 969-976, 2021 (September) Special

Effects of Coal Mining Subsidence on the Changes of Soil Nutrient in Shenfu-Dongsheng Coal Field

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 3828-3831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Ting Yang ◽  
Yong Gao ◽  
Guo Zheng Yao ◽  
Peng Li
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Mining Subsidence ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
Subsidence Area ◽  
Coal Mining Subsidence

Ground surface subsidence will cause enormous impact to ecological environment in Coal Gob. But the study concerning the effect of the surface subsidence on soil nutrients is little. Taking Bulianta (Sandstorm--subsidence Area) and Yujialiang (Loess-subsidence Area) coal mine in Shenfu-Dongsheng coal field as study object, The characteristics of soil nutients in non-collapse area and the effect of collapse on soil nutrients are sdudied systematicly by Field sampling and laboratory analysis.The results showed that: With the increasing of soil depth, total soil nutrient content gradually reduced in both stduy areas, While in Sandstorm-subsidence Area, Total nitrogen and total phosphorus increased with soil depth. The total nitrogen and total phosphorus in Sandstorm-subsidence Area is lower than those in Loess-subsidence Area, but the total K is higher than that in Loess-subsidence Area. In a word, the effect of coal mining subsidence on total soil nutrients in both Areas is on the small side.

scholarly journals Conversion of Secondary Forests into Chestnut Forests Affects Soil Nutrients in Anji County, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiyong Sun ◽  
Zebo Li ◽  
Rongjia Wang ◽  
Jianfeng Zhang ◽  
Chunxia Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Particle Form ◽  
Soil Nutrient Contents

The maintenance of drinking water safety is a major environmental issue. It is necessary to strengthen environmental protection in water source areas and establish good vegetation coverage. This study examined the effects of secondary forests transformation on chestnut forests on soil nutrient changes in the Fuji Reservoir, Anji County, Zhejiang province, China. Plots were set up in a chestnut plantation and a nearby secondary forest to measure the nutrient contents of soil samples that were collected from different soil depths. Differences of soil nutrient content from the two stands were significant at 0–20 cm soil depth. There were no significant differences in the contents of total phosphorus and total potassium between the two forests; however, the available phosphorus content in chestnut stands was 2.73 mg/kg higher than in secondary forests. Overall, the soil nutrient contents under chestnut stands were lower than those under secondary forests. Some of the soil surface is exposed due to the low diversity of the chestnut forest. The soil nutrients in the chestnut forest are usually carried and transferred in soil particle form and they become dissolved in the runoff during rainfall and lost, which explains the lower soil nutrient contents in the chestnut forest than the secondary forest. Therefore, for economic forests, such as chestnut forests, measures should be taken to protect understory vegetation and enhance soil and water conservation capacity, which is conducive to retaining soil nutrients.

scholarly journals The Abundance of Microbial Functional Genes in Grassy Woodlands Is Influenced More by Soil Nutrient Enrichment than by Recent Weed Invasion or Livestock Exclusion

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (16) ◽  
pp. 5547-5555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Lindsay ◽  
Matthew J. Colloff ◽  
Nerida L. Gibb ◽  
Steven A. Wakelin
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Nutrient Enrichment ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Weed Invasion ◽  
Exotic Grasses ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACT A diverse soil microbial community is involved in nitrogen cycling, and these microbes can be affected by land management practices and weed invasion. We surveyed 20 woodlands with a history of livestock grazing, with livestock recently excluded from 10 sites. We investigated whether soil nutrients were lower when grazing was excluded and higher when exotic grasses dominated the understory. Second, using quantitative real-time PCR, we investigated whether microbial nitrogen functional gene (NFG) abundance was altered with soil nutrient enrichment, livestock exclusion, and exotic grass invasion. The target genes were chiA (decomposition-ammonification), nifH (nitrogen fixation), nirK and narG (denitrification), and bacterial amoA (nitrification). Woodland soils were enriched in phosphorus and nitrogen compared to reference condition sites, but soil nutrients were not lower following livestock exclusion. Total nitrogen and nifH were negatively correlated in grazed woodlands, suggesting that aboveground herbivory reduces the capacity for belowground nitrogen fixation. Woodlands dominated by exotic grasses had higher levels of nitrate, narG, and nirK than those dominated by native grasses. We hypothesize that the increase in potential for denitrification was due to increases in soil nitrate, rather than changes in plant composition. Overall, soil physicochemistry explained more variation in NFG abundance than livestock presence or plant invasion, particularly for chiA and bacterial amoA, with significant relationships between the abundance of all five NFGs and total nitrogen or nitrate. All woodlands investigated had a history of anthropogenic disturbance and nutrification, and soil nutrient levels and the abundance of NFGs are likely to be related to long-term land management practices.

scholarly journals A Reliable U-trough Runoff Collection Method for Quantifying the Migration Loads of Nutrients at Different Soil Layers under Natural Rainfall

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2050
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Chengsheng Ni ◽  
Sheng Wang ◽  
Deti Xie ◽  
Jiupai Ni
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Purple Soil ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Total N ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Natural Rainfall ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Subsurface Runoff ◽  
Runoff Sediment

Long-term quantification of the migration loads of subsurface runoff (SSR) and its collateral soil nutrients among different soil layers are still restricted by the runoff collection method. This study tested the reliability of the U-trough collection methods (UCM), compared with the seepage plate collection method (SPM), in monitoring the runoff, sediment and nutrient migration loads from different soil layers (L1: 0–20 cm depth; L2: 20–40 cm depth; L3: 40–60 cm depth) for two calendar years under natural rainfall events. The results suggested that the U-trough could collect nearly 10 times the SSR sample volume of the seepage plate and keep the sampling probability more than 95% at each soil layer. The annual SSR flux from L1 to L3 was 403.4 mm, 271.9 mm, and 237.4 mm under the UCM, 14.35%, 10.56%, and 8.41% lower than those under the SPM, respectively. The annual net migration loads of sediment, TN, and TP from the L1 layer under the UCM were 49.562 t/km2, 19.113 t/km2 and 0.291 t/km2, and 86.62%, 41.21% and 81.78% of them were intercepted by the subsoil layers (L2 and L3), respectively. While their migration loads under the SPM were 48.708 t/km2, 22.342 t/km2 and 0.291 t/km2, and 88.24%, 53.06% and 80.42% of them were intercepted, respectively. Under both methods, the average leached total n (TN), total p (TP) concentrations per rainfall event and their annual migrated loads at each soil layer showed no significant difference. In conclusion, the UCM was a reliable quantitative method for subsurface runoff, sediment, and soil nutrient migration loads from diverse soil layers of purple soil sloping cultivated lands. Further studies are needed to testify the availability in other lands.

scholarly journals Assessment of Potato Farmland Soil Nutrient Based on MDS-SQI Model in the Loess Plateau

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3957
Author(s):  
Yingying Xing ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Xiaoli Niu ◽  
Wenting Jiang ◽  
Xiukang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Content ◽  
Farmland Soil

Soil nutrients are essential nutrients provided by soil for plant growth. Most researchers focus on the coupling effect of nutrients with potato yield and quality. There are few studies on the evaluation of soil nutrients in potato fields. The purpose of this study is to investigate the soil nutrients of potato farmland and the soil vertical nutrient distributions, and then to provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the fertilizer management practices for potatoes in Loess Plateau. Eight physical and chemical soil indexes were selected in the study area, and 810 farmland soil samples from the potato agriculture product areas were analyzed in Northern Shaanxi. The paper established the minimum data set (MDS) for the quality diagnosis of the cultivated layer for farmland by principal component analysis (PCA), respectively, and furthermore, analyzed the soil nutrient characteristics of the cultivated layer adopted soil quality index (SQI). The results showed that the MDS on soil quality diagnosis of the cultivated layer for farmland soil included such indicators as the soil organic matter content, soil available potassium content, and soil available phosphorus content. The comprehensive index value of the soil quality was between 0.064 and 0.302. The SPSS average clustering process used to classify SQI was divided into three grades: class I (36.2%) was defined as suitable soil fertility (SQI < 0.122), class II (55.6%) was defined as moderate soil fertility (0.122 < SQI < 0.18), and class III (8.2%) was defined as poor soil fertility (SQI > 0.186). The comprehensive quality of the potato farmland soils was generally low. The proportion of soil nutrients in the SQI composition ranged from large to small as the soil available potassium content = soil available phosphorus content > soil organic matter content, which became the limiting factor of the soil organic matter content in this area. This study revolves around the 0 to 60 cm soil layer; the soil fertility decreased gradually with the soil depth, and had significant differences between the respective soil layers. In order to improve the soil nutrient accumulation and potato yield in potato farmland in northern Shaanxi, it is suggested to increase the fertilization depth (20 to 40 cm) and further study the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer.

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