Concentrations and Pollution Assessment of Six Heavy Metals in Quercus aquifolioides Forest Soils

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 184-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Song Yang ◽  
Yan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Pollution Assessment ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Risk Indices ◽  
Different Soils

Concentrations characteristics of six heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Cd, Mn, Zn, Pb) in 7 soil sample from different loactions ofQuercus aquifolioidesfrest were investigated. The concentrations and potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the soils was assessed when compared to the background values of heavy metals in three different soils, i.e. total, yellow-brown and yellow soils in China. The average concentration of heavy metals inQuercus aquifolioidessoils was in the order Mn>Cr>Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd, while the average concentrations of all examined heavy metals were lower than those in the Environmental Quality Standard for Soil (grade I) in China. In all examined heavy metals, Mn (474.7mg/kg) had the highest average concentration and Cd (0.039mg/kg) had the lowest one, with variation coefficients ranged 33-87% for the six heavy metals. Correlation analyses showed that the three heavy metals (Cu, Mn and Pb) probably came from the same resources, and so did of Cr and Pb. Comprehensive pollution indices (0.57-1.71) indicated theQuercus aquifolioidessoils were slightly polluted by the six heavy metals and ecological risk indices (8.42-51.0) also show the situation of heavy metals was in the slight level in the soils. Among the examined heavy metals, Cu and Cr were two main heavy metals who making pollution and potential ecological risk to the soils.

scholarly journals Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution Levels in Sediments and of Ecological Risk by Quality Indices, Applying a Case Study: The Lower Danube River, Romania

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1801
Author(s):  
Valentina Andreea Calmuc ◽  
Madalina Calmuc ◽  
Maxim Arseni ◽  
Catalina Maria Topa ◽  
Mihaela Timofti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Pollution Indices

It is a well–known fact that heavy metal pollution in sediments causes serious problems not only in the Danube basin, but also in the large and small adjacent river streams. A suitable method for assessing the level of heavy metals and their toxicity in sediments is the calculation of pollution indices. The present research aims to assess heavy metal pollution in the Lower Danube surface sediments collected along the Danube course (between 180 and 60 km) up to the point where the Danube River flows into the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization – UNESCO, protected area). In addition, this monitored area is one of the largest European hydrographic basins. Five heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cu) were analyzed in two different seasons, i.e., the autumn of 2018 and the spring of 2019, using the Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP– MS) technique. Our assessment of heavy metal pollution revealed two correlated aspects: 1. a determination of the potential risks of heavy metals in sediments by calculating the Potential Ecological Risk Index (RI), and 2. an evaluation of the influence of anthropogenic activities on the level of heavy metal contamination in the surface sediments, using three specific pollution indices, namely, the Geo–Accumulation Index (Igeo), the Contamination Factor (CF), and the Pollution Load Index (PLI). The results of this pioneering research activity in the region highlighted the presence of moderate metal (Ni and Cd) pollution and a low potential ecological risk for the aquatic environment.

Evaluation of Ecological Risk on Soil Heavy Metals Pollution of Qingyuan

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 928-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Min Zhang ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Ai Min Song ◽  
Jian Qiao Qin ◽  
Ming Wei Song
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Heavy Metals Pollution

This paper was seleced Qingyuan as a case study, in order to analyze Hg, As, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr concentrations of the soil samples. And used the Hakanson potential ecological risk index method to assess the potential ecological risks of concentrations of heavy metals in soil. The results shows that the average concentration of Hg, As, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr in soil is 6.45, 0.26, 20.25, 119.11, 181.67, 189.22, 0.27, 32.92, 201.35 mg•kg-1 respectively. The rank by severity of ecological risk as Hg > Cu > Pb > As > Cr > Cd > Ni > Zn, based on their single-element indexes. Heavy metals in several samples of the soil have posed a serious threat on the ecosystem.

scholarly journals Application of pollution assessment models in soil contaminated by heavy metals in two steel rods markets, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 025-035
Author(s):  
Edori ES ◽  
Iyama WA ◽  
Edori OS
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Pollution Assessment ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Contamination Degree ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rivers State

Soil samples were collected at a depth of 0-30cm within two steel markets and a control site in Port Harcourt, Rivers State Nigeria to assess the level of heavy metals (Fe, Pb, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni and As) in the environment. Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometer was used to analyze the samples for heavy metals. The concentrations of all the heavy metals in the steel rods markets exceeded that of the control. The results indicated that heavy metals concentrations in the sites were in the order; Mile III > Kala > RSU. The average levels of contamination of heavy metals recorded followed the order Fe > Cr > Cu > Pb > Ni > As > Cd in Mile III, Fe > Pb > Cu > Cr > Ni > As > Cd in Kala and Fe > Cu > Pb > Cr > Ni > As > Cd in RSU (control). Mean concentrations obtained for heavy metals within the months of investigation were; 1420.931±9.155, 7.753±0.184, 8.730±0.050, 2.843±0.124, 9.428±0.122, 7.433±0.047 and 3.732±0.047 mg/Kg for Fe, Pb, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni and As respectively at the mile III station, while the mean concentrations of heavy metals observed at the Kala station were; 1161.173±1.823, 9.425±0.054, 7.596±0.027, 1.425±0.020, 6.507±0.006, 5.455±0.033 and 1.901±0.010 mg/Kg for Fe, Pb, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni and As respectively. The mean values of heavy metals concentrations observed at the RSU station within the period were; 892.064±1.025,5.603±0.007, 5.841±0.051, 0.173±0.005, 3.389±0.009, 2.309±0.010 and 0.706±0.006 mg/Kg for Fe, Pb, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni and As respectively. Pollution assessment models used for assessing the anthropogenic input on the quality of the soil in the area using the control site as the basis of judgment were: contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI), contamination degree (CD), modified contamination degree (mCD), potential ecological risk coefficient (Eir), potential ecological risk index (RI), Geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and anthropogenicity. These indices revealed that the steel markets were contaminated and polluted and poses ecological risks by heavy metals, even though the values obtained were still below the WHO acceptable limits. The steel rods markets need to be adequately monitored and regulated to avoid further soil contamination by heavy metals to a degree that will be dangerous to human health.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Loading in Surface Sediments along the Kawere Stream, Tarkwa, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
S. A. Ndur ◽  
S. Y. Nyarko ◽  
I. Quaicoe ◽  
L. B. Osei
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Ecological Integrity ◽  
Pollution Assessment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk

Sediment contamination by heavy metals resulting from anthropogenic activities is increasingly becoming a global concern due to the risk it poses to human well-being and ecological integrity at large. The purpose of this study was to assess the heavy metals loading in sediment along the Kawere stream. Ten sediment samples were collected, acid digested and analysed for copper (Cu), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co) and iron (Fe) using a Varian AA240FS Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). The Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council (ANZECC) guidelines for freshwater sediment quality was used as the benchmark against which the measured metal concentrations were compared. Nemerow’s pollution and potential ecological risk indices were used to evaluate the pollution status and ecological risk levels of the heavy metals in the stream. The results obtained indicated that, except Cu which exceeded the ANZECC trigger value of 65 mg/kg at three sampling sites (K01=171.29 mg/kg, K05=170.83 mg/kg and K07=113.31 mg/kg), all other measured heavy metals concentrations were below their corresponding ANZECC values. Heavy metal pollution assessment showed that three samples (K01, K05 and K07) were slightly polluted, suggesting the likelihood of posing a health threat to the aquatic organisms and humans. Calculated Ecological Risk Index (RI) ranged from 3.229 to 19.750 (RI < 150), representing a low ecological risk. As such, the metals, Cu, Ni, Cd, Pb, Cr, and Zn pose a low ecological risk to the aquatic ecosystem. Although the ecological risk is low based on the current results, constant monitoring of the stream quality is recommended due to the increasing human activities along the stream as well as the sediments ability to accumulate and remobilise heavy metals back into the water column and possibly transferring them through the food chain.   Keywords: Heavy Metals, Sediment, Ecological Risk Assessment, Pollution, Stream

scholarly journals Eutrophication and sediment–water exchange of total petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals of Hashilan wetland, a national heritage in NW Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajjad Abbasi ◽  
Sara Sheikh Fakhradini ◽  
Neamatollah Jaafarzadeh ◽  
Pooria Ebrahimi ◽  
Shirin Yavar Ashayeri
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Nw Iran

AbstractThe heavy metal(loid)s concentrations in water and sediments were analyzed in the Hashilan wetland to assess the spatial distribution, pollution status, fate, partitioning, and ecological risk and also to identify the heavy metal(loid)s sources in sediments using PMF (Positive Matrix Factorization) and APCs-MLR (absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression) receptor models. According to the pollution indices, (Ni, Cu, Cr, Mo), and (Zn, Cr, and Cu) are considered the most important pollutants in sediments and water, respectively. Ni, Cr, and Cu are the main contributors to ecological risks in sediments of some stations. The potential ecological risk assessment proposed low ecological risk in water of the study area. Higher distribution coefficient (Kp) values of Ni, Cr, Mn, Cu, Co, Pb, As, and Zn indicated the majority of these heavy metals present in the sediments; whereas, the majority of Cd concentration occurs in water. PMF and APCs-MLR results indicated the natural sources were the main factors affecting the concentrations of Ni, Cr, Zn, Al, Co, Fe, Pb, As, Cd and somewhat Cu. Mixed natural and agricultural activities are the main sources of Mo, and somewhat Cu. According to the results, there is low pollution of TPH (total petroleum hydrocarbons) in the sediment samples. Also, phosphate (PO42−) and nitrate (NO3−) concentrations were below the recommended permissible limits at all sampling sites except the S8 station for NO3−.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals in Sediment from the Urban and Rural Rivers in Harbin City, Northeast China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Cui ◽  
Fuxiang Zhang ◽  
Peng Hu ◽  
Rupert Hough ◽  
Qiang Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Weight Of Evidence ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
Harbin City

The concentrations and ecological risk of six widespread heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cd and Pb) were investigated and evaluated in sediments from both urban and rural rivers in a northeast city of China. The decreasing trend of the average concentration of heavy metals was Zn > Cr > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cd in Majiagou River (urban) and was Zn > Cr > Pb > Cu > Ni > Cd in Yunliang River (rural). The results showed that the concentrations of Cd and Zn were significantly elevated compared to the environmental background value (p < 0.05). Half of all sampling locations were deemed ‘contaminated’ as defined by the improved Nemerow pollution index (PN’ > 1.0). Applying the potential ecological risk index (RI) indicated a ‘high ecological risk’ for both rivers, with Cd accounting for more than 80% in both cases. Source apportionment indicated a significant correlation between Cd and Zn in sediments (R = 0.997, p < 0.01) in Yunliang River, suggesting that agricultural activities could be the major sources. Conversely, industrial production, coal burning, natural sources and traffic emissions are likely to be the main pollution sources for heavy metals in Majiagou River. This study has improved our understanding of how human activities, industrial production, and agricultural production influence heavy metal pollution in urban and rural rivers, and it provides a further weight of evidence for the linkages between different pollutants and resulting levels of heavy metals in riverine sediments.

scholarly journals Hydrocarbon Pollution and Potential Ecological Risk of Heavy Metals in the Sediments of the Oturuba Creek, Niger Delta, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Clinton Ifeanyichukwu Ezekwe ◽  
Israel Clinton Utong
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Risk Indices ◽  
Guideline Values ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This study aimed at examining the impact of oil pollution from artisanal oil refineries on the Oturuba river ecosystem using active river bottom sediment. Specific objectives included to determine the level of hydrocarbons and trace metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Ni, V and Mg) in the sediments and to relate this with general ecosystem health. The study found elevated concentrations of both hydrocarbons and heavy metals in the range above most sediment quality guidelines exceeding the respective Threshold Effects Level and Probable Effects. Level guideline values and occurring at levels where impairment to biological communities is certain an d where toxicity levels can lead to negative impacts on benthic animals or infaunal communities. Heavy metal geochemical accumulation index and potential ecological risk analysis also returned anomalously high concentrations in the range of very highly polluted sediment environments with very high ecological risk indices, thereby ranking the Oturuba Creek as one of the most polluted coastal river systems in the world.

Pollution and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals Around the Active Bukit Mendi Palm Oil Mill Area, Bera Pahang, Malaysia

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Mohd Zahari Abdullah ◽  
Nur Najiha Abdul Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Heavy Metal Content ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

The study on the impact of palm oil mill processing activities on the environment of Bukit Mendi Palm Oil Mill was conducted by determining the distribution of six heavy metal concentrations Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn) and the selected pollution indices. This study provided some information on the accumulation of heavy metals in the selected area and served to identify the potential sources contributing to these heavy metals. Soil samples were collected from eight sampling sites around the palm oil mill and analysed for the selected metals using ICP-OES. Three types of pollution indices were used to observe the pollution level of the area, namely Enrichment Factor (EF), potential ecological risk index (PERI), and Contamination Factor (CF) of heavy metal content. The average total concentration of the selected metals was found to increase in the order of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Pb, and Cu. The metal Fe showed the highest metal content, followed by Mn at 1573.00 mg/kg and 154.00 mg/kg, respectively. The values of EF showed that the metal was unevenly distributed throughout the sampling areas, where heavy metal content ranged from minimal to extremely high enrichment. The potential ecological risk ranging from low to severe was observed in this study. The CF values revealed that the area was heavily contaminated with Cd and only slightly contaminated with Pb. The pollution indices determined in this study suggested that the study area was moderately contaminated with metals, and the metal Cd was found to be the only metal potentially posing an ecological risk to the area.Keywords: ICP-OES, palm oil mill, heavy metals, soil pollution, pollution indices

scholarly journals Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals Contamination in Lower Klang River

2021 ◽  
Vol 920 (1) ◽  
pp. 012023
Author(s):  
M A Sefie ◽  
I N Mohamad ◽  
F Baharudin ◽  
J Kassim
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Risk Levels

Abstract Estuarine and coastal environments are known to be major sinks for heavy metals. This ecosystem and its sustainability should be secured using the ecological as indicators. This study is conducted to quantify the heavy metal concentration and to assess the potential ecological risk levels of heavy metals in the sediments from Klang River Estuary. Three typical heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) were identified. The surface sediment samples were collected from three sampling stations. The concentration of heavy metals in the sediments were arrange in a decreasing sequence of Pb > Zn > Cd. A range of pollution indicators based on single pollution indices such as Contamination Factor, Contamination Degree, Pollution Load Index and Geoaccumulation Index were considered for ecological risk analysis. In conclusion, the ecological risk levels of heavy metals in the sediments from Lower Klang River were low and unpolluted. However, an overall assessment regarding to the heavy metals’ concentrations, spatial distribution and their potential sources need to be monitored for a better understanding of the water-sediment interaction.

Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sediments from Hongfeng Lake, China

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1591-1596
Author(s):  
Ji Wei Hu ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Xian Fei Huang ◽  
Fan Xin Qin ◽  
Jin Mei
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Toxic Response ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Risk Indices ◽  
Ecological Hazards ◽  
Hongfeng Lake

Hongfeng Lake, a man-made reservoir, is one of the five key drinking-water sources for Guiyang City, the capital of Guizhou Province in southwestern China. In the present research, the distribution and accumulation characteristics of seven heavy metals (Pb, Cd, As, Hg, Cu, Cr and Zn) in the sediment of this lake were analyzed by examining fourteen sediment samples. A method based on toxic-response factor was used to assess the potential ecological risk of these heavy metals to this lake. For comparison, the two sets of reference data representing the pre-industrial and the local baseline pollution levels of interested heavy metals were employed to derive their accumulating coefficients and potential ecological risk indices. The calculated potential ecological risk indices indicate that the lake was polluted by heavy metals, and both mercury and cadmium loadings were critical factors responsible for the ecological hazards posed to Hongfeng Lake among these seven elements.

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