Recovery of 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids

2014 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 230-236
Author(s):  
Nurul Fasihah Idaham ◽  
Bustam-Khalil Mohamad Azmi ◽  
Chong Fai Kait ◽  
Zakaria Man
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
Water Washing

Ionic liquids have been recognized as an alternative solvent applicable in synthesis, separation, catalysis and electrochemistry. However, the synthesis costs, performance efficiencies and problems related to waste waters contaminated with ionic liquids are the major issues that need to be considered. Thus, recovery method is one of the alternatives to overcome the current issues. 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium-based ionic liquids were chosen for the study. The recovery process was conducted in two steps; water-washing and recovery using solvent. All the selected ionic liquids were extracted with water and BMIM CH3SO4was 100% recovered. However the ionic liquids contained high percentage of water which may change the properties of the ionic liquids. This current work has studied not only on the performance of recovery, but also on the properties and the behaviour of the ionic liquids to be further reused in a particular application.

Study on the Recovery of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium-based Ionic Liquids

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 144-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Fasihah Idaham ◽  
Mohamad Azmi Bustam Khalil ◽  
Chong Fai Kait
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
Water Washing ◽  
Desulfurization Process ◽  
The Common

Nowadays, ionic liquids have been widely used in desulfurization process. However, the synthesis costs, performance efficiencies and problems related to waste waters contaminated with ionic liquids are the major issues that need to be considered. Thus, recovery method is one of the alternatives to overcome the current issues. 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium-based ionic liquids with three different anions: dicyanamide (N(CN)2), thiocyanate (SCN) and methylsulfate (CH3SO4) were chosen for the study because they are the common ionic liquids used in desulfurization. The recovery process used is water washing which is the cheapest and easiest recovery method. Even though the contaminants in the spent ionic liquids can easily be removed, we found that the recovered ionic liquids contained higher percentage of water as compared to the pure and spent ionic liquids. Thus, the aim of this current work is to study on the feasibility of the spent ionic liquids to be recovered and their performance on desulfurization after being recovered.

scholarly journals Parameter Research of UAV Vertical Rope-type Recovery System

2018 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Chengjing Ma ◽  
Xing'an Liu ◽  
Caiwen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Resistance Force ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
Recovery Performance ◽  
Stiffness And Damping Coefficient ◽  
Stiffness And Damping ◽  
Type Recovery

Vertical rope-type recovery system is a new accurate recovery method for small fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). This paper models the recovery system and finishes the simulation of recovery process. The recovery stand model of the recovery system is built by analyzing the physical essence, and the aircraft model is based on dynamics and kinematics equations as well as the mechanical characteristics of arresting rope. Finally the simulation analysis of the recovery process is completed. On the basis of the modeling simulation, the system parameters’ effect on recovery performance such as maximum resistance force, maximum overload and maximum radius has been discussed by varying each key parameter. Eventually, the pattern of how initial conditions when hitting the rope as well as the arresting rope’s stiffness and damping coefficient influence recovery performance has been researched, and the result could provide theoretical reference for the design of UAV using vertical rope-type recovery and the system in the future.

A simple recovery process for biodegradable plastics accumulated in cyanobacteria treated with ionic liquids

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 1647-1653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daigo Kobayashi ◽  
Kyoko Fujita ◽  
Nobuhumi Nakamura ◽  
Hiroyuki Ohno
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics

scholarly journals Neuro-Simulation Tool for Enhanced Oil Recovery Screening and Reservoir Performance Prediction

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheil Bahrekazemi ◽  
Mahnaz Hekmatzadeh
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Graphical User Interface ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Simulation Tool ◽  
Screening Criteria ◽  
Recovery Method

Assessment of the suitable enhanced oil recovery method in an oilfield is one of the decisions which are made prior to the natural drive production mechanism. In some cases, having in-depth knowledge about reservoir’s rock, fluid properties, and equipment is needed as well as economic evaluation. Both putting such data into simulation and its related consequent processes are generally very time consuming and costly.  In order to reduce study cases, an appropriate tool is required for primary screening prior to any operations being performed, to which leads reduction of time in design of ether pilot section or production under field condition. In this research, two different and useful screening tools are presented through a graphical user interface. The output of just over 900 simulations and verified screening criteria tables were employed to design the mentioned tools. Moreover, by means of gathered data and development of artificial neural networks, two dissimilar screening tools for proper assessment of suitable enhanced oil recovery method were finally introduced. The first tool is about the screening of enhanced oil recovery process based on published tables/charts and the second one which is Neuro-Simulation tool, concerns economical evaluation of miscible and immiscible injection of carbon dioxide, nitrogen and natural gas into the reservoir. Both of designed tools are provided in the form of a graphical user interface by which the user, can perceive suitable method through plot of oil recovery graph during 20 years of production, costs of gas injection per produced barrel, cumulative oil production, and finally, design the most efficient scenario.

Sleep – A Game Changer in the Athletic World?

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Optimization ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
Lack Of Sleep ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
And Control

The restorative qualities of sleep are fundamentally the basis of the individual athlete’s ability to recover and perform, and to optimally be able to challenge and control the effects of exercise regimes in high performance sport. Research consistently shows that a large percentage of the population fails to obtain the recommended 7–9 hours of sleep per night [17]. Moreover, recent years’ research has found that athletes have a high prevalence of poor sleep quality [6]. Given its implications on the recovery process, sleep affects the quality of the athlete’s training and outcome of competitions. Although an increasing number of recovery aids (such as cold baths, anti-inflammatory agents, high protein intake etc.) are available, recent years research show the important and irreplaceable role of sleep and that no recovery method can compensate for the lack of sleep. Every facet of an athlete’s life has the capacity to either create or take out energy, contribute to the overall stress level and subsequently the level of both recovery and performance. While traditional approaches to performance optimization focus simply on the physical stressors, this overview will highlight the benefits and the basic principles of sleep, its relation to recovery and performance, and provide input and reflect on what to consider when working with development and maintenance of athletic performance.

Amine-Ionic Liquid Blends in CO2 Capture Process for Sustainable Energy and Environment

2022 ◽  
pp. 0958305X2110707
Author(s):  
Muthumari Perumal ◽  
Dhanalakshmi Jayaraman
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Tetrabutylammonium Bromide ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Capture Process ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Aqueous Solvent ◽  
Solvent Blends ◽  
Carbon Loading

In the present work, an experiment for CO2 capture process were performed by absorption using various aqueous solvent blends of amine and ionic liquids. The solvent blends were prepared for various compositions by mixing TetraButylAmmonium Acetate [TBA][OAC] and TetraButylAmmonium Bromide [TBA][Br] ionic liquids with Monoethanolamine (MEA). The obtained results were compared with baseline MEA. It was observed that capture efficiency of CO2, absorption rate of CO2 and CO2 diffusion coefficient of MEA-[TBA][OAC] and MEA-[TBA][Br] solvent blends were comparatively higher than baseline 30%MEA. Moreover, the parameters such as density, viscosity, pH, carbon loading and surface tension of all the solvent blends were measured for before and after absorption process. The carbon loading of solvent blends MEA-[TBA][Br] (0.405 mole of CO2/mole of solvent) and MEA-[TBA][OAC](0.459 mole of CO2/mole of solvent) was slightly lower than baseline MEA (0.494 mole of CO2/mole of solvent). However, the viscosity of MEA-[TBA][Br] blends were remarkably lower than MEA-[TBA][OAC] blend and baseline MEA. This might be an important key factor in solvent recovery process with lesser energy demand for sustainable energy and environment.

Ionic Liquids as Hyper-Stable Solvents for Ionic Polymer Transducers

Aerospace ◽  
2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Bennett ◽  
Donald J. Leo
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Electrochemical Stability ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Electromechanical Actuators ◽  
Ionic Polymer ◽  
Initial Work

Nafion™ membranes are known to operate as electromechanical actuators and sensors. The transduction in the material is caused by redistribution of the mobile cations in the material, which is made possible because the material is saturated with a solvent. Typically the solvent used is water, although its use limits the performance of these materials. This is due to the chemical breakdown of the water at relatively low operating voltages and the loss of the water to evaporation when these devices are operated in air, causing a corresponding loss of performance. In the current work, the use of highly stable ionic liquids to replace water is explored. Ionic liquids have the advantage of greater electrochemical stability than water, thus offering the possibility of higher actuation voltages for these materials. Also, ionic liquids are known to be non-volatile and therefore will not leach out of the polymer by evaporation as water will. This paper will present the results of some initial work with ionic liquids and will compare these materials to the same polymers solvated with water.

scholarly journals Removal of Ionic Liquids from Oil Sands Processing Solution by Ion-Exchange Resin

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Sui ◽  
Jingjing Zhou ◽  
Guoqiang Ma ◽  
Yaqi Niu ◽  
Jing Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Water Washing ◽  
Acid Cation ◽  
Exchange Resins

Ionic liquids (ILs) have been reported to be good process aids for enhanced bitumen recovery from oil sands. However, after the extraction, some ionic liquids are left in the residual solids or solutions. Herein, a washing–ion exchange combined method has been designed for the removal of two imidazolium-based ILs, ([Bmim][BF4] and [Emim][BF4]), from residual sands after ILs-enhanced solvent extraction of oil sands. This process was conducted as two steps: water washing of the residual solids to remove ILs into aqueous solution; adsorption and desorption of ILs from the solution by the sulfonic acid cation-exchange resin (Amberlite IR 120Na). Surface characterization showed that the hydrophilic ionic liquids could be completely removed from the solid surfaces by 3 times of water washing. The ionic liquids solution was treated by the ion-exchange resin. Results showed that more than 95% of [Bmim][BF4] and 90% of [Emim][BF4] could be adsorbed by the resins at 20 °C with contact time of 30 min. The effects of some typical coexisted chemicals and minerals, such as salinity, kaolinite (Al4[Si4O10](OH)8), and silica (SiO2), in the solution on the adsorption of ionic liquids have also been investigated. Results showed that both kaolinite and SiO2 exerted a slight effect on the uptake of [Bmim][BF4]. However, it was observed that increasing the ionic strength of the solution by adding salts would deteriorate the adsorption of [Bmim]+ on the resin. The adsorption behaviors of two ILs fit well with the Sips model, suggesting the heterogeneous adsorption of ionic liquids onto resin. The adsorption of ionic liquids onto Amberlite IR 120Na resin was found to be pseudo-second-order adsorption. The regeneration tests showed stable performance of ion-exchange resins over three adsorption–desorption cycles.

scholarly journals Influence of Hydrophobicity of Backbone Polymer in Thermo-Responsive Hydrogel with Immobilized Amine on Cycle Capacity for Absorption and Recovery of CO2

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1024
Author(s):  
Yuma Nagasawa ◽  
Yoshimi Seida ◽  
Takehiko Gotoh ◽  
Eiji Furuya
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
Desorption Temperature ◽  
Co2 Desorption ◽  
Recovery System

The chemisorption process with amines is the major separation and recovery method of CO2 because of its high processing capacity and simplicity. However, large energy consumption for the desorption of CO2 is also associated with the process. To develop a separation and recovery process that is capable of desorbing CO2 at low temperatures and with minimal energy consumption, polymer hydrogels with a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) polymer network and amine groups immobilized in the polymer network of the hydrogels were exploited. Thermo-responsive amine gels with a series of hydrophobicity of polymer networks were systematically synthesized, and the influence of the hydrophobicity of the gels on the CO2 desorption temperature and cycle capacity (CO2 amount that can be separated and recovered by 1 cycle of temperature swing operation) was investigated using slurries with the series of gels. A significant decrease in the CO2 desorption temperature and increase in the cycle capacity occurred simultaneously by lowering the LCST of the gels via hydrophobisation of the polymer network. Based on an equilibrium adsorption model representing the CO2 separation and a recovery system with the gel slurries, an analysis of the system dynamics was performed in order to understand the recovery mechanism in the process.

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