Oil Solubilization Using Surfactant for Biohydrogen Production

2014 ◽  
Vol 931-932 ◽  
pp. 183-187
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ahmar Siddiqui ◽  
Suratsawadee Kungsanant ◽  
Sumate Chaiprapat
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Biohydrogen Production ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Surfactant Degradation ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
High Organic Content

Oily wastewater is a potential source for biohydrogen production due to its high organic content. Incorporation of surfactant could enhance the solubilization of oil in water, and thus increase its biodegradability. The first part of this work studied the influence of surfactant concentrations (0-240 CMC) and temperatures (28-70 °C) on oil solubilization in aqueous solution. Results from batch tests showed that the oil solubilization improved as the surfactant concentration increased up to 100 CMC. As high as 0.002 mg/L oil concentration could be solubilized at 1 CMC and 55 °C, which was 90 times higher than that obtained without surfactant application. Moreover, the time to reach oil-in-liquid equilibrium could be shortened by increasing the temperature. In the second part, the effect of surfactant addition on hydrogen production was investigated at pH 5.5 and 55 °C. In 148 h batch assays, the highest hydrogen production observed was 19.3 mL at 1 CMC while it was 8.7 mL at no surfactant. Further investigation at 1 CMC revealed that surfactant degradation to H2 was 2.36 mL, thus the effect of surfactant to enhance oil degradability was 0.24 L H2 per liter of aqueous solution under excess oil condition.

Cationic poly-L-amino acid-enhanced selective hydrogen production based on formate decomposition with platinum nanoparticles dispersed by polyvinylpyrrolidone

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Minami ◽  
Yutaka Amao
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Platinum Nanoparticles ◽  
Hydrogen Carrier ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Formate Decomposition

Formate is attracting attention as a hydrogen carrier because of its low toxicity and easy handling in aqueous solution. In order to utilize formic acid as a hydrogen carrier, a...

scholarly journals Zeolite addition to improve biohydrogen production from dark fermentation of C5/C6-sugars and Sargassum sp. biomass

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Silva ◽  
A. A. Abreu ◽  
A. F. Salvador ◽  
M. M. Alves ◽  
I. C. Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Dark Fermentation ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Biohydrogen Production ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Continuous Reactor ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Zeolite Type

AbstractThermophilic biohydrogen production by dark fermentation from a mixture (1:1) of C5 (arabinose) and C6 (glucose) sugars, present in lignocellulosic hydrolysates, and from Sargassum sp. biomass, is studied in this work in batch assays and also in a continuous reactor experiment. Pursuing the interest of studying interactions between inorganic materials (adsorbents, conductive and others) and anaerobic bacteria, the biological processes were amended with variable amounts of a zeolite type-13X in the range of zeolite/inoculum (in VS) ratios (Z/I) of 0.065–0.26 g g−1. In the batch assays, the presence of the zeolite was beneficial to increase the hydrogen titer by 15–21% with C5 and C6-sugars as compared to the control, and an increase of 27% was observed in the batch fermentation of Sargassum sp. Hydrogen yields also increased by 10–26% with sugars in the presence of the zeolite. The rate of hydrogen production increased linearly with the Z/I ratios in the experiments with C5 and C6-sugars. In the batch assay with Sargassum sp., there was an optimum value of Z/I of 0.13 g g−1 where the H2 production rate observed was the highest, although all values were in a narrow range between 3.21 and 4.19 mmol L−1 day−1. The positive effect of the zeolite was also observed in a continuous high-rate reactor fed with C5 and C6-sugars. The increase of the organic loading rate (OLR) from 8.8 to 17.6 kg m−3 day−1 of COD led to lower hydrogen production rates but, upon zeolite addition (0.26 g g−1 VS inoculum), the hydrogen production increased significantly from 143 to 413 mL L−1 day−1. Interestingly, the presence of zeolite in the continuous operation had a remarkable impact in the microbial community and in the profile of fermentation products. The effect of zeolite could be related to several properties, including the porous structure and the associated surface area available for bacterial adhesion, potential release of trace elements, ion-exchanger capacity or ability to adsorb different compounds (i.e. protons). The observations opens novel perspectives and will stimulate further research not only in biohydrogen production, but broadly in the field of interactions between bacteria and inorganic materials.

scholarly journals Uranium-series isotopes from Eemian lake deposits, Hollerup, Denmark

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 173-179
Author(s):  
C. Israelson ◽  
S. Bjorck ◽  
N. Noe Nygaard ◽  
C. J. Hawkesworth
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Decay Products ◽  
Large Spread ◽  
Isotope Study ◽  
Lake Deposits ◽  
High Organic Content

We report the results of a U-series isotope study on Eemian lake sediments from Hollerup, western Denmark. The purpose is to examine the possibility of dating these, and similar, sediments with the 238U-23"h method. Two sedimentary facies were studied; carbonate-present, and virtually carbonate-free but organic-rich sediments. All carbonate-present sediments (5-95%) have (230ThP38U) values higher than unity and relatively radiogenic (23"W232Th) values between 2 and 6.5, indicating postdeposition removal of U, probably by percolation of ground water. Carbonate-free sediments, but with high organic content (40-60%) had (230Th/238U) values lower than 1 and 'model ages' between 89 and 199 ky. The large spread in ages and variation in U content for these sediment samples that were deposited over a much shorter time interval, indicate a complex postdepositional migration pattern of U, probably involving several episodes of leaching and absorption of U from ground water. Our results suggest that lake sediments, such as those found in Hollerup, are vulnerable to mobilization of U and its decay products and care should be taken when interpreting U-series disequilibrium data from such sediments. Future studies will concentrate on sediments that have been more deeply buried andor are less compacted and sealed from percolation of oxidized groundwater.

scholarly journals Sosialisasi Pengelolaan Limbah Dapur Serta Program 3R (Reuse, Reduce, Recycle) Bagi Pemilik Rumah Makan dan Jasa Boga di Wilayah Kota Tasikmalaya

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Melly Mellyanawaty ◽  
Estin Nofiyanti ◽  
A Ibrahim ◽  
N Salman ◽  
N Nurjanah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
Egg Shells ◽  
Cooked Food ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
High Organic Content

Society services activity in kitchen waste management system has been implemented to the owner of restaurant and catering work in Tasikmalaya City area. This activity has colaborated with Indonesian Catering Associations (APJI). The rapid growth of restaurant and catering activities has created serious problems of energy requirement, water, and solid waste disposal. Less information and limited area become the problems in handling of kitchen waste. A simple technique is needed to overcome the environmental problem which is caused by kitchen waste. The components of kitchen waste include vegetables, peelings, fruit skins, spoilt fruit, cooked and uncooked meat, bones, fats, egg-shells, bread and pastries, cooked food waste, etc. Due to a high organic content, bioconversion technologies such as anaerobic digestion are more suitable to handle the waste convert to biogas. It would be reducing the LPG usage. For the kitchen wastewater, grease trap as pre-treatment followed by a physical and biological process is one of a simple process which can produce the effluent in accordance with government standard. The activities were continued by the socialization of 3R program (reuse, reduce, recycle) by doing demo utilization of kitchen solid waste such as packing material, mineral water bottle is made a handicraft. Knowledge transfer run well and the enthusiasm of the participants in following the activity were very good.

Erosion resistance and behaviour of highly organic in-sewer sediment

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 672-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Seco ◽  
M. Gómez Valentín ◽  
A. Schellart ◽  
S. Tait
Keyword(s):  
Organic Content ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Organic Sediment ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Tank Design ◽  
High Organic Content

Reliable prediction of time-varying pollutant loads in combined sewer systems during storm periods can aid better management of the release of pollution into natural environments as well as enhancing storage tank design. Better understanding of the behaviour of sewer sediments is crucial for the development of models that adequately describe the transport of in-sewer solids and accurately predict the changes in pollutant concentration within combined sewers during storm events. This paper reports on the results of a test programme to examine the erosion of highly organic sewer sediment under the application of time-varying shear stress. The tests were carried out with and without supplying oxygen, and varying simulated dry-weather periods. The aim was to investigate the behaviour of real in-sewer sediment with a high organic content (around 80%) in an attempt to improve prediction of the transport rates under the particular Mediterranean conditions of long dry-period/build-up and intense rainfall/wash-off, and understand how this environment affects the erosional resistance and subsequent sediment release. Results have been compared with previous work on lower organic content sewer sediments and artificial organic sediment.

scholarly journals Glycan-specific precipitation of glycopeptides in high organic content sample solvents used in HILIC

2020 ◽  
Vol 1150 ◽  
pp. 122196
Author(s):  
Petr Kozlik ◽  
Katarina Molnarova ◽  
Tomas Jecmen ◽  
Tomas Krizek ◽  
Radoslav Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Content ◽  
High Organic Content

La(OH)3 nanosheet-supported CoPt nanoparticles: a highly efficient and magnetically recyclable catalyst for hydrogen production from hydrazine in aqueous solution

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (16) ◽  
pp. 9903-9911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Wang ◽  
Qilu Yao ◽  
Shaojun Qing ◽  
Zhang-Hui Lu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Recyclable Catalyst ◽  
Synthetic Process ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
One Step ◽  
Shape Controlled ◽  
Magnetically Recyclable Catalyst ◽  
Co Reduction

Bimetallic CoPt nanoparticles supported on shape-controlled La(OH)3 were synthesized by a one-step co-reduction synthetic process and used as a highly effective and magnetically recyclable catalyst for the selective decomposition of hydrous hydrazine.

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