Analysis of Fuel Injection Parameter on Biodiesel and Diesel Spray Characteristics Using Common Rail System

2014 ◽  
Vol 974 ◽  
pp. 362-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Khalid ◽  
Azwan Sapit ◽  
M.N. Anuar ◽  
Him Ramsy ◽  
Bukhari Manshoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Spray Angle ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Ignition Process ◽  
Mixture Formation ◽  
Spray Characteristics ◽  
Penetration Length

Precise control of fuel injection is essential in modern diesel engines especially in controlling the precise injection quantity, flexible injection timing, flexible rate of injection with multiple injections and high injection pressures. It was known that the fuel-air mixing is mainly influenced by the fuel injection system and injector nozzle characteristics. Thus, mixture formation during ignition process associated with the exhaust emissions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of spray characteristics on the mixture formation. In this study, common rail injector systems with different model of injector were used to simulate the actual mixture formation inside the engine chamber. The optical visualization system was constructed with a digital video camera in order to investigate the detailed behavior of mixture formation. This method can capture spray penetration length, spray angle, spray evaporation and mixture formation process clearly. The spray characteristic such as the penetration length, spray angle and spray area are increasing when the injection pressure increased. The mixture formation can be improved effectively by increasing the injection pressure.

scholarly journals Theoretical study to determine the proper injection system for upgrading fuel system of diesel engine om357 to common rail system

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 2594
Author(s):  
Razieh Pourdarbani ◽  
Ramin Aminfar
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Common Rail System ◽  
Common Rail Injection System ◽  
Multi Stage

In this research, we tried to investigate all the fuel injection systems of diesel engines in order to select the most suitable fuel injection system for the OM357 diesel engine to achieve the highest efficiency, maximize output torque and reduce emissions and even reduce fuel consumption. The prevailing strategy for this study was to investigate the effect of injection pressure changes, injection timing and multi-stage injection. By comparing the engines equipped with common rail injection system, the proposed injector for engine OM357 is solenoid, due to the cost of this type of injector, MAP and controller (ECU). It is clear that this will not be possible only with the optimization of the injection system, and so other systems that influence engine performance such as the engine's respiratory system and combustion chamber shape, etc. should also be optimized. 

Biodiesel Combustion and Emissions in Engines Using Modern Common-Rail Fuel Injection Systems

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashanth K. Karra ◽  
Matthias K. Veltman ◽  
Song-Charng Kong
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Fuel Injection System ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Recirculation

This study performed experimental testing of a multi-cylinder diesel engine using different blends of biodiesel and diesel fuel. The engine used an electronically-controlled common-rail fuel injection system to achieve a high injection pressure. The operating parameters that were investigated included the injection pressure, injection timing, and exhaust gas recirculation rate. Results showed that biodiesel generally reduced soot emissions and increased NOx emissions. The increase in NOx emissions was not due to the injection timing shift when biodiesel was used because the present fuel injection system was able to give the same fuel injection timing. At high exhaust gas recirculation rates, emissions using regular diesel and 20% biodiesel blends are very similar while 100% biodiesel produces relatively different emission levels. Therefore, the increase in NOx emissions may not be a concern when 20% biodiesel blends are used with high exhaust gas recirculation rates in order to achieve low temperature combustion conditions.

scholarly journals Organization of Six-Cylinder Tractor Diesel Working Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 427-433
Author(s):  
G. M. Kuharonak ◽  
M. Klesso ◽  
A. Predko ◽  
D. Telyuk
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injection System ◽  
Rotary Valve ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Working Process ◽  
Common Rail System

The purpose of the work is to consider the organization of the working process of six-cylinder diesel engines with a power of 116 and 156 kW and exhaust gas recirculation. The following systems and components were used in the experimental configurations of the engine: Common Rail BOSСH accumulator fuel injection system with an injection pressure of 140 MPa, equipped with electro-hydraulic injectors with seven-hole nozzle and a 500 mm3 hydraulic flow; direct fuel injection system with MOTORPAL fuel pump with a maximum injection pressure of 100 MPa, equipped with MOTORPAL and AZPI five-hole nozzle injectors; two combustion chambers with volumes of 55 and 56 cm3 and bowl diameters of 55.0 and 67.5 mm, respectively; cylinder heads providing a 3.0–4.0 swirl ratio for Common Rail system, 3.5–4.5 for mechanical injection system. The recirculation rate was set by gas throttling before the turbine using a rotary valve of an original design. The tests have been conducted at characteristic points of the NRSC cycle: minimum idle speed 800 rpm, maximum torque speed 1600 rpm, rated power speed 2100 rpm. It has been established that it is possible to achieve the standards of emissions of harmful substances: on the 116 kW diesel engine using of direct-action fuel equipment and a semi-open combustion chamber; on the 156 kW diesel using Common Rail fuel supply system of the Low Cost type and an open combustion chamber.

Effect of Swirl Ratio and Injection Pressure on Autoignition, Combustion and Emissions in a High Speed Direct Injection Diesel Engine Fuelled With Biodiesel (B-20)

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinay Nagaraju ◽  
Mufaddel Dahodwala ◽  
Kaushik Acharya ◽  
Walter Bryzik ◽  
Naeim A. Henein
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Combustible Mixture ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Ignition Process ◽  
Swirl Ratio ◽  
Mixture Formation ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Biodiesel has different physical and chemical properties than ultra low sulfur diesel fuel (ULSD). The low volatility of biodiesel is expected to affect the physical processes, mainly fuel evaporation and combustible mixture formation. The higher cetane number of biodiesel is expected to affect the rates of the chemical reactions. The combination of these two fuel properties has an impact on the auto ignition process, subsequently combustion and engine out emissions. Applying different swirl ratios and injection pressures affect both the physical and chemical processes. The focus of this paper is to investigate the effect of varying the swirl ratio and injection pressure in a single-cylinder research diesel engine using a blend of biodiesel and ULSD fuel. The engine is a High Speed Direct Injection (HSDI) equipped with a common rail injection system, EGR system and a swirl control mechanism. The engine is operated under simulated turbocharged conditions with 3 bar Indicated Mean Effective Pressure (IMEP) at 1500 rpm, using 100% ULSD and a blend of 20% biodiesel and 80% ULSD fuel. The biodiesel is developed from soy bean oil. A detailed analysis of the apparent rate of heat release (ARHR) is made to determine the role of the biodiesel component of B-20 in the combustible mixture formation, autoignition process, premixed, mixing controlled and diffusion controlled combustion fractions. The results explain the factors that cause an increase or a drop in NOx emissions reported in the literature when using biodiesel.

Microscopic Spray Characteristics of Biodiesels Derived From Karanja, Jatropha, and Waste Cooking Oils

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chetankumar Patel ◽  
Joonsik Hwang ◽  
Choongsik Bae ◽  
Rashmi A. Agarwal ◽  
Avinash Kumar Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Ambient Atmosphere ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Spray Characteristics ◽  
Spray Droplets

Abstract This study aims to assess the microscopic characteristics of Jatropha, Karanja, and Waste cooking oil-based biodiesels vis-a-vis conventional diesel under different ambient conditions in order to understand the in-cylinder processes, while using biodiesels produced from different feedstocks in the compression ignition engines. All test-fuels were injected in ambient atmosphere using a common-rail direct injection (CRDI) fuel injection system at a fuel injection pressure (FIP) of 40 MPa. Microscopic spray characteristics were measured using phase Doppler interferometer (PDI) in the axial direction of the spray at a distance of 60–90 mm downstream of the nozzle and at 0 to 3-mm distance from the central axis in the radial direction. All biodiesels exhibited relatively larger Sauter mean diameter (SMD) of the spray droplets and higher droplet velocities compared to baseline mineral diesel, possibly due to relatively higher fuel viscosity and surface tension of biodiesels. It was also observed that SMD of the spray droplets decreased with increasing distance in the radial and axial directions and the same trend was observed for all test-fuels.

The Effects of Fuel Injection Pressure and Fuel Type on the Combustion Characteristics of a Diesel Engine

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Cowart ◽  
Dianne Luning Prak ◽  
Len Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Type ◽  
System Pressure ◽  
Delay Times ◽  
Fuel Injection Pressure ◽  
Physical And Chemical

In an effort to understand the effects of injection system pressure on alternative fuel performance, a single-cylinder diesel engine was outfit with a modern common rail fuel injection system and piezoelectric injector. As future new fuels will likely be used in both older mechanical injected engines as well as newer high pressure common rail engines, the question as to the sensitivity of a new fuel type across a range of engines is of concern. In this study, conventional diesel fuel (Navy NATO F76) was compared with the new Navy hydroprocessed renewable diesel (HRD) fuel from algal sources, as well as the high cetane reference fuel nC16 (n-hexadecane CN = 100). It was seen that, in general, ignition delay (IGD) was shortened for all fuels with increasing fuel injection pressure and was shortened with higher CN fuels. The combustion duration for all fuels was also significantly reduced with increasing fuel injection pressure, however, longer durations were seen for higher CN fuels at the same fuel pressure due to less premixing before the start of combustion. Companion modeling using the Lawrence Livermore National Lab (LLNL) heavy hydrocarbon and diesel primary reference fuel (PRF) chemical kinetic mechanisms for HRD and nC16 was applied to understand the relative importance of the physical and chemical delay periods of the IGD. It was seen that at low fuel injection pressures, the physical and chemical delay times are of comparable duration. However, as injection pressure increases the importance of the chemical delay times increases significantly (longer), especially with the lower CN fuel.

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