Vertical Dynamics of Soil Enzyme Activities and Active Organic Carbon in a Freshwater Marsh in Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China

2014 ◽  
Vol 998-999 ◽  
pp. 1504-1507
Author(s):  
Zhong Mei Wan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Active Carbon ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Carbon Pool ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Marsh Soil ◽  
Active Organic Carbon

To understand the influence of vertical dynamics of soil enzyme activities on the active carbon pool in Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland, the vertical distribution in 0-30cm depth of soil cellulase and amylase activities and active organic carbon fractions (microbial biomass carbon /MBC, easily oxidizable carbon/EOC) were measured and the relationship between soil enzyme activities and active organic carbon were analyzed. The results show that the enzyme activities and EOC and MBC contents in topsoil are the greatest. The soil cellulase and amylase activities and EOC and MBC contents show descending trends from surface layer to 30cm. The soil enzyme activities are significantly positive related to EOC and MBC contents. Therefore, with the increase of soil depth, the activities of cellulase and amylase obviously affect the soil active carbon pool. Furthermore, the cellulase activity of marsh soil has the strongest influence on soil active carbon pool.

scholarly journals Variations in Soil Enzyme Activities and Microbial Communities along an Altitudinal Gradient on the Eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 681
Author(s):  
Shiyu Fan ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
Jiyuan Yang ◽  
Jihong Qin ◽  
Danjie Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities

The Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau is the highest plateau in the world and is sensitive to climate change. The dynamics of soil enzyme activities and microbial communities are good indicators of alpine biochemical processes during warming. We collected topsoil (0–10 cm) and subsoil (10–20 cm) samples at altitudes of 3200–4000 m; determined the activities of β-1,4-glucosidase (BG), cellobiohydrolase (CBH), β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG) and acid phosphomonoesterase (PME); and performed Illumina 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. We found that the soil carbon (total organic carbon and dissolved organic carbon) and nitrogen (total nitrogen and dissolved organic nitrogen) fluctuated with altitude in both the topsoil and subsoil, whereas the dissolved phosphorus continuously decreased with the increasing altitude. BG and CBH decreased from 3200 to 3600 m and increased from 3800 to 4000 m, with the lowest levels occurring at 3600 m (topsoil) and 3800 m (subsoil). NAG and PME showed similar fluctuations with altitude, with the highest levels occurring at 3400 m and 4000 m in both the topsoil and subsoil. Generally, the altitudes from 3600 to 3800 m were an ecological transition belt where most of the nutrients and enzyme activities reached their lowest levels. All of the alpine soils shared similar dominant phyla, including Proteobacteria (32.7%), Acidobacteria (30.2%), Actinobacteria (7.7%), Bacteroidetes (4.4%), Planctomycetes (2.9%), Firmicutes (2.3%), Gemmatimonadetes (2.0%), Chloroflexi, (1.2%) and Nitrospirae (1.2%); Gemmatimonadetes and Verrucomicrobia were significantly affected by soil depth and Planctomycetes, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes, Nitrospirae, Latescibacteria and Armatimonadetes were significantly affected by altitude. In addition, nutrient availability, enzyme activity and microbial diversity were higher in the topsoil than in the subsoil, and they had more significant correlations in the subsoil than in the topsoil. Our results provide useful insights into the close linkages between soil nutrient cycling and microbial activities on the eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, and are of great significance for further assessing the long-term impact of environmental changes in the alpine ecosystems.

scholarly journals Response of Soil Active Organic Carbon and Enzyme Activity to Freeze-Thaw Cycle in Wetlands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinqiu Guan ◽  
Chunxiang Song ◽  
Yude Wu ◽  
Xingtian Qi ◽  
Rongjun Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Carbon Fractions ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Active Organic Carbon ◽  
Doc Concentration ◽  
Organic Carbon Fractions

Abstract Freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) are an important element of mid and high latitude ecosystems, and significantly influence soil physicochemical properties and microbial activities in the soil active layers. With the global warming, the effects of FTCs on the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration and soil enzyme activity of different types of soil were still uncertain. In this study, soil of undisturbed Deyeuxia angustifolia wetland (UDAW), disturbed Deyeuxia angustifolia wetland (DDAW) and rice paddy field (RP) from three soil layers of (0–10, 10–20 and 20–30 cm) in Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China, were collected, and then subjected to various FTCs with a large (10 to -10℃) and a small (5 to -5℃) amplitudes, respectively. The results indicated that FTCs increased the soil DOC concentration but reduced the concentration of MBC and activities of cellulase, invertase and catalase. Increase in the freeze-thaw frequency, resulted in the DOC concentration increasing initially and then decreasing, and the MBC concentration and soil enzyme activities were opposite. The DOC concentration increment resulting from the freeze-thaw effects was different across different layers and soil type: as the soil depth increased, the average DOC increments decreased, and the average DOC increments varied across different soil types: UDAW > DDAW > RP. The average MBC concentration and soil enzyme activity decreased from 0-10 cm > 10-20 cm > 20-30 cm soil depth; MBC concentration and soil enzyme activities varied across the different soil types: UDAW > DDAW > RP. The freeze-thaw amplitude and soil moisture content interaction had an effect on soil active organic carbon fractions and enzymatic activity. Small amplitude FTCs and higher water content had the greatest effect on DOC concentration, while larger amplitude and higher water content had the greatest effect on MBC concentration and enzymatic activity. In wetland soil, the significant correlations between active organic carbon fractions and enzyme activities indicate that the increased DOC by FTCs plays an important role in soil microbes and enzyme activities. However, active organic carbon fractions and enzyme activities had little correlation in RP, indicating that FTCs has more influence on wetland than farmland.

scholarly journals Differences of soil enzyme activities and its influencing factors under different flooding conditions in Ili Valley, Xinjiang

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulu Zhang ◽  
Dong Cui ◽  
Haijun Yang ◽  
Nijat Kasim
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Biomass Carbon

Background A wetland is a special ecosystem formed by the interaction of land and water. The moisture content variation will greatly affect the function and structure of the wetland internal system. Method In this paper, three kinds of wetlands with different flooding levels (Phragmites australis wetland (long-term flooding), Calamagrostis epigeios wetland(seasonal flooding) and Ditch millet wetland (rarely flooded)) in Ili Valley of Xinjiang China were selected as research areas. The changes of microbial biomass carbon, soil physical and chemical properties in wetlands were compared, and redundancy analysis was used to analyze the correlation between soil physical and chemical properties, microbial biomass carbon and enzyme activities (soil sucrase, catalase, amylase and urease). The differences of soil enzyme activities and its influencing factors under different flooding conditions in Ili Valley were studied and discussed. Result The results of this study were the following: (1) The activities of sucrase and amylase in rarely flooded wetlands and seasonally flooded wetlands were significantly higher than those in long-term flooded wetlands; the difference of catalase activity in seasonal flooded wetland was significant and the highest. (2) Redundancy analysis showed that soil organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, total phosphorus and soil microbial biomass carbon had significant effects on soil enzyme activity (p < 0.05). (3) The correlation between soil organic carbon and the sucrase activity, total phosphorus and the catalase activity was the strongest; while soil organic carbon has a significant positive correlation with invertase, urease and amylase activity, with a slight influence on catalase activity. The results of this study showed that the content of organic carbon, total phosphorus and other soil fertility factors in the soil would be increased and the enzyme activity would be enhanced if the flooding degree was changed properly.

The Soil Enzyme Activities with Age of Tea in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 1292-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ping Zhang ◽  
Guo Mei Jia ◽  
Ying Xi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Three Gorges Reservoir Area ◽  
Three Gorges ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Urease ◽  
Tea Garden ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Formation

Enzyme activities play key roles in the biochemical functioning of soils, including soil organic matter formation, degradation and nutrient cycling. Activities of invertase, urease, and catalase were analyzed at different age of tea garden. The results showed that urease activity only showed a significantly negative relationship with the age of tea, and a significant positive relationship with organic carbon. This indicated that soil urease acitivity could respond well to the change of soil organic carbon and is a more sensitive indicator of soil fertility than other enzyme activities. The study also found that the organic carbon was relatively low in 50yr site, compared with lower age of sites. This may be caused by the high activities of invertase and catalase per unit of organic carbon in the soil of tea which tends to help decompose and therefore decrease the organic carbon in soil

Effects of fire on soil enzyme activities and organic carbon fractions in Pinus massoniana forest

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
刘俊第 LIU Jundi ◽  
林威 LIN Wei ◽  
王玉哲 WANG Yuzhe ◽  
姜婧 JIANG Jing ◽  
方熊 FANG Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Pinus Massoniana ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Carbon Fractions ◽  
Organic Carbon Fractions

scholarly journals Effects of Deep Tillage and Straw Returning on Soil Microorganism and Enzyme Activities

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoyi Ji ◽  
Hao Hu ◽  
Yali Zhao ◽  
Xinyuan Mu ◽  
Kui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Microorganism ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Deep Tillage ◽  
Loam Soil

Two field experiments were conducted for two years with the aim of studying the effects of deep tillage and straw returning on soil microorganism and enzyme activity in clay and loam soil. Three treatments, (1) conventional tillage (CT), shallow tillage and straw returning; (2) deep tillage (DT), deep tillage and straw returning; and (3) deep tillage with no straw returning (DNT), were carried out in clay and loam soil. The results showed that deep tillage and straw returning increased the abundance of soil microorganism and most enzyme activities. Deep tillage was more effective for increasing enzyme activities in clay, while straw returning was more effective in loam. Soil microorganism abundance and most enzyme activities decreased with the increase of soil depth. Deep tillage mainly affected soil enzyme activities in loam at the soil depth of 20–30 cm and in clay at the depth of 0–40 cm. Straw returning mainly affected soil microorganism and enzyme activities at the depths of 0–30 cm and 0–40 cm, respectively.

scholarly journals Enzyme Activity Variability and Comparison in Soils under Medicinal versus Crop Plants of Anguo City, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. p109
Author(s):  
Wenke Liu
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Soil Urease

Long-term continuous cultivation of different plant species in a similar agroecosystem intensively may result in divergent variability in soil fertility, particularly soil biochemical properties. In this study, an investigation was conducted to clarify the variability of five soil enzyme activities (urease, protease, catalase, polyphenol oxidase and alkaline phosphatase) of croplands under medicinal plants (herbal fields) and food crops (crop fields) in Anguo city, a traditional cultivation base for Chinese medicinal plants in China. The results showed that five soil enzyme activities were similar between herbal and crop fields. However, soil urease and alkaline phosphatase activities of herbal and crop fields decreased significantly with soil depth (0-60 cm), while protease, catalase, polyphenol oxidase activities were similar in all soil layers for two kinds of fields. There were largely variation scenes at linear correlation analysis between soil physicochemical traits and enzymatic activities under medicinal plant versus crop fileds although extensively significant correlations were presented. In conclusion, soil enzyme activities were similar in two type of farmlands, and soil urease and alkaline phosphatase activities decreased with soil depth for both fields. Inconsistent linear correlations between soil physicochemical traits and enzymatic activities under medicinal plant versus crop fields were presented, so soil enzymatic activity variation was subjected to soil physicochemical traits dominated by agronomic managements designed for specific plant species.

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