active organic carbon
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2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haocheng Wang ◽  
Guoqin Huang

To tackle with the problem of prevailing farmland abandonment in winter, 5 treatments includes Chinese milk vetch-double cropping rice (CRR), rape-double cropping rice (RRR), garlic-double cropping rice (GRR), winter crop multiple cropping rotation (ROT), winter fallow control (WRR) were set up. By measuring soil total organic carbon, active organic carbon and its components and calculating the soil carbon pool management index in 0~15 cm and 15~30 cm soil layers in the early and late rice ripening stage. The effects of different winter planting patterns on the changes of soil organic carbon and carbon pool management index were discussed. In order to provide theoretical basis for the optimization and adjustment of winter planting pattern of double cropping rice field in the middle reaches of Yangtze River. The results showed that soil total organic carbon, active organic carbon and its components in different winter cropping patterns were increased, and ROT and CRR treatments were more beneficial to the accumulation of soil total organic carbon, active organic carbon and its components as well as the improvement of soil carbon pool management index, which should be preferred in the adjustment of cropping patterns.


2021 ◽  
pp. 911-916
Author(s):  
Tingting Meng ◽  
Jinbao Liu

Effects of bio-organic fertilizer to organic carbon (SOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), easy oxidation of organic carbon (ROC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and Shamrock biomass were studied. The results showed that the contents of SOC, DOC, ROC, MBC could be significantly increased by bioorganic fertilizer. When cultured for 180d, SOC and DOC increased by 42~154 and 9~40%, respectively, compared with T0 treatment. ROC and MBC content increased by 38~173 and 4~9%, respectively. In addition, with the increase of the application of bio-organic fertilizer, the SOC and DOC contents increased. In T4 treatment, the SOC and DOC contents were the highest, which were 25.05 g/kg and 74.89 mg/kg, respectively. In T3 treatment, the ROC and MBC contents were the highest, 9.84 g/kg and 167.09 mg/kg, respectively. Compared with the initial incubation period, SOC decreased by 6~17%, DOC increased by 3~13%, ROC and MBC increased by 15~64, 3~25%, respectively. The application of bio-organic fertilizer increased the aboveground and underground biomass and the highest value were in the T2 and T3 treatments, respectively. The application of biological organic fertilizer increased the content of active organic carbon components. Results of the present study provide evidence for the application of biological organic fertilizer in the agricultural area of China. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 911-916, 2021 (September) Special


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinqiu Guan ◽  
Chunxiang Song ◽  
Yude Wu ◽  
Xingtian Qi ◽  
Rongjun Qu ◽  
...  

Abstract Freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) are an important element of mid and high latitude ecosystems, and significantly influence soil physicochemical properties and microbial activities in the soil active layers. With the global warming, the effects of FTCs on the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration and soil enzyme activity of different types of soil were still uncertain. In this study, soil of undisturbed Deyeuxia angustifolia wetland (UDAW), disturbed Deyeuxia angustifolia wetland (DDAW) and rice paddy field (RP) from three soil layers of (0–10, 10–20 and 20–30 cm) in Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China, were collected, and then subjected to various FTCs with a large (10 to -10℃) and a small (5 to -5℃) amplitudes, respectively. The results indicated that FTCs increased the soil DOC concentration but reduced the concentration of MBC and activities of cellulase, invertase and catalase. Increase in the freeze-thaw frequency, resulted in the DOC concentration increasing initially and then decreasing, and the MBC concentration and soil enzyme activities were opposite. The DOC concentration increment resulting from the freeze-thaw effects was different across different layers and soil type: as the soil depth increased, the average DOC increments decreased, and the average DOC increments varied across different soil types: UDAW > DDAW > RP. The average MBC concentration and soil enzyme activity decreased from 0-10 cm > 10-20 cm > 20-30 cm soil depth; MBC concentration and soil enzyme activities varied across the different soil types: UDAW > DDAW > RP. The freeze-thaw amplitude and soil moisture content interaction had an effect on soil active organic carbon fractions and enzymatic activity. Small amplitude FTCs and higher water content had the greatest effect on DOC concentration, while larger amplitude and higher water content had the greatest effect on MBC concentration and enzymatic activity. In wetland soil, the significant correlations between active organic carbon fractions and enzyme activities indicate that the increased DOC by FTCs plays an important role in soil microbes and enzyme activities. However, active organic carbon fractions and enzyme activities had little correlation in RP, indicating that FTCs has more influence on wetland than farmland.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-440
Author(s):  
Jeanne N’Diaye ◽  
Raunaq Bagchi ◽  
Jane Y. Howe ◽  
Keryn Lian

The pressing concerns of environmental sustainability and growing needs of clean energy have raised the demands of carbon and organic based energy storage materials to a higher level. Redox-active organic-carbon composites electrodes are emerging to be enablers for high-performance, high power and long-lasting energy storage solutions, especially for electrochemical capacitors (EC). This review discusses the electrochemical redox active organic compounds and their composites with various carbonaceous materials focusing on capacitive performance. Starting with the most common conducting polymers, we expand the scope to other emerging redox active molecules, compounds and polymers as well as common carbonaceous substrates in composite electrodes, including graphene, carbon nanotube and activated carbon. We then discuss the first-principles computational studies pertaining to the interactions between the components in the composites. The fabrication methodologies for the composites with thin organic coatings are presented with their merits and shortcomings. The capacitive performances and features of the redox active organic-carbon composite electrodes are then summarized. Finally, we offer some perspectives and future directions to achieve a fundamental understanding and to better design organic-carbon composite electrodes for ECs.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun GUO ◽  
Li-Ge WANG ◽  
Ai-Lian WU ◽  
Jin-Song WANG ◽  
Er-Wei Dong ◽  
...  

Abstract To investigate the effects of different organic materials on soil organic carbon accumulation and carbon and nitrogen mineralization under different CO2 concentrations, field topsoil was used as the test soil and chicken manure, cow manure, and straw were mixed with soil samples as organic materials. The changes in organic carbon, carbon and nitrogen mineralization, and utilization of carbon sources by soil microorganisms were measured under high CO2 (800–1000 ppm) and low CO2 (400–500 ppm) concentrations. The results showed that adding organic material to soil can accelerate the mineralization of organic carbon and reduce the mineralization of nitrogen. While the addition of chicken manure and cow manure reduced the content of total organic carbon and active organic carbon in soil, straw increased the content of total organic carbon and active organic carbon in soil and reduced carbon utilization by the soil microbial community. Collectively, our findings revealed that, under high CO2 concentrations, adding organic material to soil can accelerate the mineralization of organic carbon and reduce the mineralization of nitrogen.


2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-547
Author(s):  
Manyuan Yang ◽  
Ning Yang

To explore the effect of vegetation restoration on soil carbon cycle and fractions of soil organic carbon pool on purple-soil hill slope in Hengyang City of Hunan Province, China was selected. The soil samples of 0 - 10 and 10 - 20 cm soil layers under three types of vegetation, i.e., grassland zone (GZ), grassland-forest zone (GFZ) and forest zone (FZ). The dynamics of soil active organic carbon (SAOC) fractions to provide theory basis for the influence of soil carbon cycle and different vegetation zones on the fractions of organic carbon pool and its stability. Results show: Microbial biomass carbon and easily oxidizable organic carbon exhibited a decreasing pattern: FZ, GZ, GFZ (p < 0.05); Dissolved organic carbon exhibited a decreasing pattern: FZ, GFZ, GZ (p < 0.05); Light fraction organic carbon was the highest in FZ (p < 0.05), and the second in GZ and GFZ; The availability of active organic carbon in 0 - 10 cm soil layer was higher than that of 10 - 20 cm soil layer (p < 0.05); In comparison with GFZ, the herb in GZ could increase the contents of active organic carbon.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Eckard ◽  
Brian A. Bergamaschi ◽  
Brian Pellerin ◽  
Robert G. Spencer ◽  
Rachel Dyda ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 105666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangqi Wu ◽  
Weiwei Ma ◽  
Guang Li ◽  
Abdul-Rauf M. Alhassan ◽  
Haiyan Wang ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1325-1333
Author(s):  
Husen Qiu ◽  
Jieyun Liu ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Kunping Liu ◽  
Xunyang He ◽  
...  

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