Construction of a Geophysical Observatory in Fürstenfeldbruck in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Tomáš Zelenka
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Geophysical Observatory ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Building Process ◽  
Central Shaft ◽  
Glass Reinforcement ◽  
Physical Phenomena ◽  
The Town ◽  
Plinth Beam

The article deals with the construction of a geophysical observatory in the town of Fürstenfeldbruck, Bavaria, Germany. The observatory is being built for the Technical university in Munich. The main function of the observatory is to measure changes in the Earth ́s spin rate or, its axes deviations etc., which can occur with physical impulses in a form of, for example, an earthquake or nuclear explosion etc. Measuring such physical phenomena is important and the data is used to adjust navigation of satellites orbiting the Earth. As there were installed unique measuring tools in the building, the construction materials and building process itself has had to be carefully chosen and though through. The observatory is placed underground and has shape of a tetrahedron. The top of the construction is oriented in direction to the Earth ́s centre. To secure the pit the sprayed shotcrete was used and reinforced with AR Glass. To anchor the pit horizontally they also used the AR Glass. After finishing the pit, the central shaft was built and situated vertically from the top of the tetrahedron in direction to the Earth ́s surface and to the top of the tetrahedron base. Under a layer of concrete, there is a PE HD pipe DN 630 in every wall to connect the tetrahedron top with the base tops. There are several concrete shafts situated in each top tetrahedron base and also, at half of the span between the tetrahedron base tops. All these concrete shafts on the ground are interconnected by plinth beam with one another. The plinth beam contains three PE HD pipes DN 140. This type of construction was chosen as there is laser circling in the tetrahedron base, its top, and between tetrahedron top and base. In every shaft there is installed a measuring instrument, which is very sensible when in contact with steel parts. The sensibility to steel was a reason for employing only glass reinforcement GFK in every concrete part of this construction.

scholarly journals Building Materials of Neolithic Tombs in Alava, Northern Spain

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-163
Author(s):  
Luis M. Martínez-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Colour Contrast ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
Building Process

Fifty-two Neolithic tombs (dolmens) were grouped into megalithic stations that are mostly located on lithotecto from which the building rocks were removed. In six dolmens, there were no clues found to explain the presence of allochthonous stones, except perhaps in one of them, where rocks were selected to cause colour contrast. The morphology of the slabs, of chambers and corridors, showed no evidence of carving. The angularity of the tumulus blocks indicates that some were collected from the surface and others were manually fragmented. The identification of the construction materials in Neolithic dolmens with elemental geological features provides information on the building process, adding valorisation to the prehistoric monuments and enabling their reconstruction.

scholarly journals Moving Lightly over the Earth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Spissu
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
The Novel ◽  
World War ◽  
Unemployed People ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Ethnographic Observation ◽  
The Future ◽  
Specific Meaning ◽  
The Town

In the novel The Rings of Saturn (1995), the German writer W. G. Sebald recounts his solitary journey to the town of Suffolk (UK) at the end of his years, while he also reflects on some of the dramatic events that shaped World War II and his personal memories. In this work, he takes on a particular narrative tactic defined by the interaction between the text and images that creates a special type of montage in which he seems to draw from cinematic language. I argue that, drawing on Sebald’s work, we can imagine a form of ethnographic observation that involves the creation of a cinematic map through which to explore the memories and imagination of individuals in relation to places where they live. I explore the day-to-day lived experiences of unemployed people of Sulcis Iglesiente, through their everyday engagement with, and situated perceptions of, their territory. I describe the process that led me to build Moving Lightly over the Earth, a cinematic map of Sulcis Iglesiente through which I explored how women and men in the area who lost their jobs as a result of the process of its deindustrialization give specific meaning to the territory, relating it to memories of their past and hopes and desires for the future.

scholarly journals Solar and Interplanetary Dynamics (Symposium Summary)

1980 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 547-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kuperus
Keyword(s):  
Solar Atmosphere ◽  
Interplanetary Medium ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Magnetic Structures ◽  
Solar Observations ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Physical Phenomena ◽  
Made In

Solar and interplanetary dynamics comprises dynamic and plasma-physical phenomena in the solar atmosphere, the corona and the interplanetary medium in the broadest sense. In this symposium, however, one has essentially tried to restrict the subject matter to the study of the propagation of a disturbance, produced in the solar atmosphere, through the corona and the interplanetary medium. In studying solar and interplanetary dynamical phenomena we find ourselves in the unique position, with respect to other astrophysical disciplines, to be able to relate solar observations obtained with the highest possible spectral, spatial and time resolution with in situ measurements made in the interplanetary medium. It has now turned out that the two fundamental questions to be answered are:a) How does the medium in between the sun and the earth and beyond the earth's orbit, the socalled heliosphere, look like? Does a basic undisturbed heliosphere actually exist, and is one able to model its observed magnetic structures and plasma motions with their spatial and temporal variations?b) How and where in the solar atmosphere are the disturbances generated and what are the characteristic time scales, geometries and energies involved?

scholarly journals 160 m Pulsations in the Magnetosphere of the Earth Possibly Caused by Oscillations of the Sun

1983 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 451-455
Author(s):  
B.M. Vladimirsky ◽  
V.P. Bobova ◽  
N.M. Bondarenko ◽  
V.K. Veretennikova
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Wavelength Range ◽  
Optical Observations ◽  
Stable Phase ◽  
Expansion Velocity ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Flux Variation ◽  
Geophysical Observatory ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Solar Uv

AbstractThe measurements of the amplitudes envelope of Pc 3–4 geomagnetic micropulsations obtained at the Borok Geophysical Observatory were analysed by the cosinor method to search for magnetospheric pulsations with a period of about 160 m. 216 days of observations in 1974–1978 were used. It was found that Pc3–4 amplitudes are modulated by the period 160.010 m with a stable phase. The maximum of the Pc3–4 amplitudes follows approximately 20 m after the maximum of the solar expansion velocity (for the center of the disk) in the optical observations of Severny et al. This modulation of the Pc3–4 amplitudes could be caused by the presence of an oscillating component in solar UV radiation over the wavelength range 100-900 Å. The amplitude of the UV flux variation may be as large as 2–4%.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Heat Flux on the Fire Behavior of Engineered Wood Samples

Fire ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Denis Kasymov ◽  
Mikhail Agafontsev ◽  
Vladislav Perminov ◽  
Pavel Martynov ◽  
Vladimir Reyno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Oriented Strand Board ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
The Body ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Fire Retardants ◽  
Entire Process ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Charring Rate

This paper presents the experimental study results on the effect of heat flux emitted by a standard source on the charring and ignition characteristics of wood construction materials (plywood, chipboard, and oriented strand board) using infrared thermography (IRT) in the narrow spectral ranges of infrared wavelength. The time to ignition (TTI), charring rate and depth were obtained for the samples. In addition, the effect of several fire retardants on the charring rate and depth of the samples and TTI was analyzed. All fire retardants contribute to an increase in TTI, which confirms their main function—fire protection. However, the effect of fire retardants differs noticeably depending on the material. A new experimental technique is suggested, with the infrared imaging of the temperature distribution along the end of a sample under the heat flux effect on its frontal surface. The uniqueness of this approach consists in the registration of the entire process of ignition and combustion of the presented materials, which occurs in real time without contact with high spatial and temporal resolution. Using the infrared camera of the research class, it becomes possible to record the entire process from the occurrence of the temperature exposure region to the deep carbonized crater in the body of the material. The results can serve as additional recommendations in the development of fire hazard testing methods for construction materials and fire retardants.

II. Inscriptions

Britannia ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 352-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Wright ◽  
M. W. C. Hassall
Keyword(s):  
Building Material ◽  
Oolitic Limestone ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Town

Wanborough, Wilts. (SU 194853). For this defixio (curse) (FIG. 22) see the report by Mr. J. Rea printed on pp. 363-7 as an Appendix.Cirencester {Corinium, SP 028012), Gloucestershire (PL. XXIX, A). Oolitic limestone tombstone 0.65 by 1.21 by 0.26 m found in 1971 with two others by contractors carrying out demolition in School Lane on the site of the Stepped Stairs development (see above, p. 339). The three came from the rear of the earth rampart forming part of the defences of the town and may have been intended as building material (for the construction of bastions), which was then discarded. The tombstone, which tapers slightly towards the top, is surmounted by a triangular pediment within which is a lunette in relief. Pediment and die are surrounded by a plain border which has suffered some damage, particularly to the right of the lower part of the die.

The Ford Site, a Protohistoric Station in Norton, Massachusetts

1946 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Large Area ◽  
The North ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Local Tradition ◽  
Garden Plot ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town

Within the town of Norton, Massachusetts, close by the boundary between it and the city of Taunton, lies the beautiful little body of water known to this day by its Indian name of Winneconnet. This lake, fed by a system of streams from the north and west and draining southward through a complicated network of ponds, swamps, and streams into the Taunton River, seems to have been the center of a large area of Indian population in ancient times. Cultivation and other disturbances of the earth surfaces have demonstrated the existence of many sites of former Indian habitation, while numerous items in local tradition point to the fact that many Indians lived and died within the township. Hardly a garden plot that has not yielded its quota of stone implements to the collections of local “relic hunters” exists in this vicinity.

scholarly journals A problem of toxic waste of St Petersburg

2019 ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
Irina Luchkina ◽  
Sergey Kirsanov
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
Extreme Situation ◽  
Deep Foundation ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Government ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
The Town

21 century is remarkable for a prompt growth of manufacture which provides an environmentwith huge quantity of the waste leading its degradation and creating the real threat to healthand people's life. Considering the high importance of a problem of the reference with waste,it is important to expand researches in this direction. This problem can be solved by combinedefforts of scientists and experts of various fields of knowledge.The problem of the use of waste begins with their formation at the plants, factories etc. InSaint-Petersburg and Leningrad region operate about 20 000 enterprises on which are formedabout 40000 tons of liquid and about 5 million square meters of firm waste a year. Use,neutralization and transportation of waste is carried out by enterprises if they have for thispurpose technological and technical opportunities, and by organizations, engaged to work ingiven kinds of activity. Waste which cannot be used is buried what means it is kept isolated inspecial storehouses for a purpose of prevention the environment.By the decision of the government in 1967 in 30 kilometers from Saint-Petersburg and 4.5kilometers from the town Kolpino (where live about 140 000 citizens nowadays) has beencreated a Range for reception and distribution of all toxic waste of the region. This place waschosen because beds of blue Cambrian loam are close to the earth level. Their thickness isabout 80 meters. The process of treatment of the waste is quite easy: the upper level of loamysoil was thrown away and deep foundation pits were dug in a loam to put in all poison waste.Nobody paid attention to the fact that in 3 kilometer sanitary-protective zone several villagesare located and not far from it there is a watershed of the rivers Neva, Izhora and Tosna.About 40 years have passed. The Range which had been creating for about 15-20 yearsbecame one of the most dreadful potential dangers for the whole Baltic region. About severalmillions of cubes of different kinds of poisons and toxicants are kept within 80 hectares of theRange. Foundation pits' contents affect the environment and is dangerous a lot for thepeople's health. Cambrian loam is heterogeneous and has a lot of clefts and send layers. It isnecessary to build cutting wall which would not allow to creep away the toxic waste. It isnecessary to carry out researches of seismicity of this area to understand the degree of risk. Itis impossible to predict what consequences will be in case of an extreme situation.

scholarly journals Vito Volterra, 1860 - 1940

1941 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 691-729 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Restricted Problem ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Short Intervals ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vito Volterra ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Town ◽  
Mathematics And Physics

Vito Volterra was born at Ancona on 3 May 1860, the only child of Abramo Volterra and Angelica Almagià. When he was three months old the town was besieged by the Italian army and the infant had a narrow escape from death, his cradle being actually destroyed by a bomb which fell near it. When he was barely two years old his father died, leaving the mother, now almost penniless, to the care of her brother Alfonso Almagia, an employee of the Banca Nazionale, who took his sister into his house and was like a father to her child. They lived for some time in Terni, then in Turin, and after that in Florence, where Vito passed the greater part of his youth and came to regard himself as a Florentine. At the age of eleven he began to study Bertrand’s Arithmetic and Legendre’s Geometry , and from this time on his inclination to mathematics and physics became very pronounced. At thirteen, after reading Jules Verne’s scientific novel Around the Moon , he tried to solve the problem of determining the trajectory of a projectile in the combined gravitational field of the earth and moon: this is essentially the ‘restricted Problem of Three Bodies’, and has been the subject of extensive memoirs by eminent mathematicians both before and after the youthful Volterra’s effort: his method was to partition the time into short intervals, in each of which the force could be regarded as constant, so that the trajectory was obtained as a succession of small parabolic arcs. Forty years later, in 1912, he demonstrated this solution in a course of lectures given at the Sorbonne.

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